ABIM-1 | EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS| COMPLETE
STUDY GUIDE WITH 100% ACCURATE QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS! EXCELLENCE GUARANTEED!
Course Code:
Course Title:
Programme:
Academic Year: 2026/2027.
Duration: 2 Hours.
Total Marks: 100.
Candidate Instructions:
1) Write your Registration Number on every answer booklet used.
2) Answer ALL questions in Section A and ANY TWO (2) questions in Section B.
3) Read each question carefully before answering.
4) Begin each question on a new page.
5) The marks for each question are indicated in brackets.
6) This paper consists of several printed pages, including this page.
7) Ensure your copy is complete before the examination begins.
8) Unauthorized materials and communication with other candidates are not permitted.
Turn Over.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, Systolic ejection murmur at right upper sternal border or suprasternal notch radiating to neck,
paradoxically split S2, systolic thrill, slowed carotid upstroke, sustained apical impulse Answer:
Aortic stenosis
Aortic stenosis: murmur increases with Answer: Increased preload
Aortic stenosis: Survival Answer: Angina: 5 years
Syncope: 3 years
Heart failure: 2 years
When is aortic balloon valvuloplasty done? Answer: As bridge to AVR
Aortic stenosis: Indications for surgery Answer: If Sx
Asx with EF <50%
Mean gradient >60 mmHg
Cardiac surgery planned
Aortic stenosis: Type of surgery Answer: AVR
Transcatheter if high surgical risk
Aortic stenosis: Use caution with Answer: Vasodilators
Aortic stenosis: When diagnosed, also image the Answer: Aorta
Describe murmur of aortic stenosis Answer: Systolic ejection murmur at right upper sternal
border or suprasternal notch radiating to neck, paradoxically split S2, systolic thrill, slowed
carotid upstroke, sustained apical impulse
Decrescendo early diastolic high-pitched blowing murmur at left or right sternal border, rapid
carotid upstroke and decline, wide and bounding pulse Answer: Aortic regurgitation
Gold standard for diagnosing aortic regurgitation Answer: Cath
Rx chronic AR Answer: Vasodilators, ACE/ARB
Aortic regurgitation: Indications for surgery Answer: If symptomatic
EF <55%
LV end-systolic length >55 mm
Aortic regurgitation: What else should be repaired, and when? Answer: Aorta if >45 mm
Acute aortic regurgitation is associated with Answer: Aortic dissection
Rx acute aortic regurgitation Answer: Surgery
Pulmonic stenosis is virtually always Answer: Congenital
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
STUDY GUIDE WITH 100% ACCURATE QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS! EXCELLENCE GUARANTEED!
Course Code:
Course Title:
Programme:
Academic Year: 2026/2027.
Duration: 2 Hours.
Total Marks: 100.
Candidate Instructions:
1) Write your Registration Number on every answer booklet used.
2) Answer ALL questions in Section A and ANY TWO (2) questions in Section B.
3) Read each question carefully before answering.
4) Begin each question on a new page.
5) The marks for each question are indicated in brackets.
6) This paper consists of several printed pages, including this page.
7) Ensure your copy is complete before the examination begins.
8) Unauthorized materials and communication with other candidates are not permitted.
Turn Over.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, Systolic ejection murmur at right upper sternal border or suprasternal notch radiating to neck,
paradoxically split S2, systolic thrill, slowed carotid upstroke, sustained apical impulse Answer:
Aortic stenosis
Aortic stenosis: murmur increases with Answer: Increased preload
Aortic stenosis: Survival Answer: Angina: 5 years
Syncope: 3 years
Heart failure: 2 years
When is aortic balloon valvuloplasty done? Answer: As bridge to AVR
Aortic stenosis: Indications for surgery Answer: If Sx
Asx with EF <50%
Mean gradient >60 mmHg
Cardiac surgery planned
Aortic stenosis: Type of surgery Answer: AVR
Transcatheter if high surgical risk
Aortic stenosis: Use caution with Answer: Vasodilators
Aortic stenosis: When diagnosed, also image the Answer: Aorta
Describe murmur of aortic stenosis Answer: Systolic ejection murmur at right upper sternal
border or suprasternal notch radiating to neck, paradoxically split S2, systolic thrill, slowed
carotid upstroke, sustained apical impulse
Decrescendo early diastolic high-pitched blowing murmur at left or right sternal border, rapid
carotid upstroke and decline, wide and bounding pulse Answer: Aortic regurgitation
Gold standard for diagnosing aortic regurgitation Answer: Cath
Rx chronic AR Answer: Vasodilators, ACE/ARB
Aortic regurgitation: Indications for surgery Answer: If symptomatic
EF <55%
LV end-systolic length >55 mm
Aortic regurgitation: What else should be repaired, and when? Answer: Aorta if >45 mm
Acute aortic regurgitation is associated with Answer: Aortic dissection
Rx acute aortic regurgitation Answer: Surgery
Pulmonic stenosis is virtually always Answer: Congenital
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
