MUSCLES OF THE BODY | FROM QUESTION TO
PERFECTION| STUDY WITH CONFIDENCE!
Course Code:
Course Title:
Programme:
Academic Year: 2026/2027.
Duration: 2 Hours.
Total Marks: 100.
Candidate Instructions:
1) Write your Registration Number on every answer booklet used.
2) Answer ALL questions in Section A and ANY TWO (2) questions in Section B.
3) Read each question carefully before answering.
4) Begin each question on a new page.
5) The marks for each question are indicated in brackets.
6) This paper consists of several printed pages, including this page.
7) Ensure your copy is complete before the examination begins.
8) Unauthorized materials and communication with other candidates are not permitted.
Turn Over.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, Frontalis Answer: superficial to frontal bone
Origin of frontalis Answer: epicranial aponeurosis
Insertion of frontalis Answer: skin of eyebrows and root of nose
Action of frontalis Answer: raises the eyebrows/wrinkles the brow
Zygomaticus Answer: extends from cheekbones to corners of the mouth
Origin of zygomaticus Answer: zygomatic bone
Insertion of zygomaticus Answer: skin and muscle at corner of mouth
Action of zygomaticus Answer: raises lateral corners of the mouth when smiling
Origin of masseter Answer: zygomatic arch/zygomatic bone
Insertion of masseter Answer: angle and ramus of mandible
Action of masseter Answer: elevates the mandible
Origin of temporalis Answer: temporal fossa
Insertion of temporalis Answer: coronoid process of mandible
Action of temporalis Answer: elevates mandible
Origin of sternocleidomastoid Answer: manubrium of sternum and medial clavicle
Insertion of sternocleidomastoid Answer: mastoid process of temporal bone and superior nuchal
line of occipital bone
Action of sternocleidomastoid Answer: flexes and/or laterally rotates the head
Origin of scalenes Answer: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
Insertion of scalenes Answer: first two ribs
Action of scalenes Answer: elevates first two ribs, flexes and rotates neck
Origin of splenius Answer: ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T6
Insertion of splenius Answer: mastoid process of temporal bone, occipital bone
Action of splenius Answer: extends the head
3 muscles erector spinae consists of... Answer: -Iliocostalis
-Longissimus
-Spinalis
Origin of iliocostalis Answer: iliac crests, lower 6 ribs
Insertion of iliocostalis Answer: angles of ribs, transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
PERFECTION| STUDY WITH CONFIDENCE!
Course Code:
Course Title:
Programme:
Academic Year: 2026/2027.
Duration: 2 Hours.
Total Marks: 100.
Candidate Instructions:
1) Write your Registration Number on every answer booklet used.
2) Answer ALL questions in Section A and ANY TWO (2) questions in Section B.
3) Read each question carefully before answering.
4) Begin each question on a new page.
5) The marks for each question are indicated in brackets.
6) This paper consists of several printed pages, including this page.
7) Ensure your copy is complete before the examination begins.
8) Unauthorized materials and communication with other candidates are not permitted.
Turn Over.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, Frontalis Answer: superficial to frontal bone
Origin of frontalis Answer: epicranial aponeurosis
Insertion of frontalis Answer: skin of eyebrows and root of nose
Action of frontalis Answer: raises the eyebrows/wrinkles the brow
Zygomaticus Answer: extends from cheekbones to corners of the mouth
Origin of zygomaticus Answer: zygomatic bone
Insertion of zygomaticus Answer: skin and muscle at corner of mouth
Action of zygomaticus Answer: raises lateral corners of the mouth when smiling
Origin of masseter Answer: zygomatic arch/zygomatic bone
Insertion of masseter Answer: angle and ramus of mandible
Action of masseter Answer: elevates the mandible
Origin of temporalis Answer: temporal fossa
Insertion of temporalis Answer: coronoid process of mandible
Action of temporalis Answer: elevates mandible
Origin of sternocleidomastoid Answer: manubrium of sternum and medial clavicle
Insertion of sternocleidomastoid Answer: mastoid process of temporal bone and superior nuchal
line of occipital bone
Action of sternocleidomastoid Answer: flexes and/or laterally rotates the head
Origin of scalenes Answer: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
Insertion of scalenes Answer: first two ribs
Action of scalenes Answer: elevates first two ribs, flexes and rotates neck
Origin of splenius Answer: ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T6
Insertion of splenius Answer: mastoid process of temporal bone, occipital bone
Action of splenius Answer: extends the head
3 muscles erector spinae consists of... Answer: -Iliocostalis
-Longissimus
-Spinalis
Origin of iliocostalis Answer: iliac crests, lower 6 ribs
Insertion of iliocostalis Answer: angles of ribs, transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
