ACE YOUR 2026/2027 NURS 6512N ADVANCED
HEALTH ASSESSMENT EXAMINATION:
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
⩥ A client with pernicious anemia asks why she must take vitamin B12
injections forever. Which is the nurse's best response?
a) "The reason for your vitamin deficiency is an inability to absorb
the vitamin because the stomach is not producing sufficient amounts of a
factor that allows the vitamin to be absorbed."
b) "The reason for your vitamin deficiency is an inability to absorb
the vitamin because the stomach is not producing sufficient acid."
c) "The reason for your vitamin deficiency is an increased
requirement for the vitamin because of rapid red blood cell production."
d) "The reason for your vitamin deficiency is an excessive excretion
of the vitamin because of kidney dysfunction.". Answer: The reason for
your vitamin deficiency is an inability to absorb the vitamin because the
stomach is not producing sufficient amounts of a factor that allows the
vitamin to be absorbed."
Most clients with pernicious anemia have deficient production of
intrinsic factor in the stomach. Intrinsic factor attaches to the vitamin in
the stomach and forms a complex that allows the vitamin to be absorbed
in the small intestine. The stomach is producing enough acid, there is not
,an excessive excretion of the vitamin, and there is not a rapid production
of red blood cells in this condition.
⩥ A client comes into the emergency department with extreme fatigue. He
is malnourished and laboratory tests reveal severe anemia. Based on an
understanding of how vitamin and mineral deficiencies are associated
with anemia, the nurse should specifically ask the client about the intake
of food high in which of the following nutrients?
a) Vitamin K
b) Thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin
c) Vitamins A, E, and C
d) Vitamins B6 and B12, folate, iron, and copper. Answer: Vitamins B6
and B12, folate, iron, and copper
Many vitamin and mineral deficiencies can result in anemia. Intake of
alll of these vitamins and minerals need to be assessed, preferably
through a nutrition assessment. Deficiencies of vitamins A, B6, and C
result in a small cell, microcytic anemia. Folate and vitamin B12
deficiencies result in a large cell, macrocytic anemia. Iron, copper, and
vitamin E deficiencies can also result in anemia. Vitamin K alters
clotting time, but is not associated with anemia
⩥ A client with anemia has been admitted to the medical-surgical unit.
Which assessment findings are characteristic of iron deficiency anemia?
,a) Dyspnea, tachycardia, and pallor
b) Itching, rash, and jaundice
c) Nights sweats, weight loss, and diarrhea
d) Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. Answer: Dyspnea, tachycardia, and
pallor
Signs of iron deficiency anemia include dyspnea, tachycardia, and
pallor, as well as fatigue, listlessness, irritability, and headache. Night
sweats, weight loss, and diarrhea may signal acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome. Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia may be signs of hepatitis B.
Itching, rash, and jaundice may result from an allergic or hemolytic
reaction
⩥ A client must receive a blood transfusion of packed red blood cells
(RBCs) for severe anemia. What I.V. fluid should the nurse use to prime
the tubing before hanging this blood product?
a) Dextrose 5% in water as this is considered an isotonic solution
b) Current guidelines suggest that no priming is needed since blood
products must be infused alone
c) Lactated Ringer's solution as this is considered an isotonic solution
d) Normal saline solution as this is considered an isotonic solution.
Answer: Normal saline solution as this is considered an isotonic
solution Normal saline solution is used for administering blood
, transfusions. Lactated Ringer's solution or dextrose solutions may
cause blood clotting or RBC hemolysis. Current guidelines do not
indicate a "no priming" method without NSS
⩥ A client with iron deficiency anemia is taking iron supplements. The
nurse emphasizes to the client that the drug will have increased
absorption if taken with:
a) milk.
b) beta-carotene.
c) food.
d) orange juice.. Answer: orange juice
Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) increases iron absorption. Taking iron with a
food rich in ascorbic acid, such as orange juice, increases absorption.
Milk delays iron absorption. It is best to give iron on an empty stomach
to increase absorption. Beta-carotene does not affect iron absorption.
⩥ When developing the plan of care for a client with aplastic anemia, the
nurse should include which goal?
a) Perform activities of daily living without excessive fatigue or
dyspnea.
b) Describe self-care behaviors to prevent the transmission to family
members.
HEALTH ASSESSMENT EXAMINATION:
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
⩥ A client with pernicious anemia asks why she must take vitamin B12
injections forever. Which is the nurse's best response?
a) "The reason for your vitamin deficiency is an inability to absorb
the vitamin because the stomach is not producing sufficient amounts of a
factor that allows the vitamin to be absorbed."
b) "The reason for your vitamin deficiency is an inability to absorb
the vitamin because the stomach is not producing sufficient acid."
c) "The reason for your vitamin deficiency is an increased
requirement for the vitamin because of rapid red blood cell production."
d) "The reason for your vitamin deficiency is an excessive excretion
of the vitamin because of kidney dysfunction.". Answer: The reason for
your vitamin deficiency is an inability to absorb the vitamin because the
stomach is not producing sufficient amounts of a factor that allows the
vitamin to be absorbed."
Most clients with pernicious anemia have deficient production of
intrinsic factor in the stomach. Intrinsic factor attaches to the vitamin in
the stomach and forms a complex that allows the vitamin to be absorbed
in the small intestine. The stomach is producing enough acid, there is not
,an excessive excretion of the vitamin, and there is not a rapid production
of red blood cells in this condition.
⩥ A client comes into the emergency department with extreme fatigue. He
is malnourished and laboratory tests reveal severe anemia. Based on an
understanding of how vitamin and mineral deficiencies are associated
with anemia, the nurse should specifically ask the client about the intake
of food high in which of the following nutrients?
a) Vitamin K
b) Thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin
c) Vitamins A, E, and C
d) Vitamins B6 and B12, folate, iron, and copper. Answer: Vitamins B6
and B12, folate, iron, and copper
Many vitamin and mineral deficiencies can result in anemia. Intake of
alll of these vitamins and minerals need to be assessed, preferably
through a nutrition assessment. Deficiencies of vitamins A, B6, and C
result in a small cell, microcytic anemia. Folate and vitamin B12
deficiencies result in a large cell, macrocytic anemia. Iron, copper, and
vitamin E deficiencies can also result in anemia. Vitamin K alters
clotting time, but is not associated with anemia
⩥ A client with anemia has been admitted to the medical-surgical unit.
Which assessment findings are characteristic of iron deficiency anemia?
,a) Dyspnea, tachycardia, and pallor
b) Itching, rash, and jaundice
c) Nights sweats, weight loss, and diarrhea
d) Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. Answer: Dyspnea, tachycardia, and
pallor
Signs of iron deficiency anemia include dyspnea, tachycardia, and
pallor, as well as fatigue, listlessness, irritability, and headache. Night
sweats, weight loss, and diarrhea may signal acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome. Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia may be signs of hepatitis B.
Itching, rash, and jaundice may result from an allergic or hemolytic
reaction
⩥ A client must receive a blood transfusion of packed red blood cells
(RBCs) for severe anemia. What I.V. fluid should the nurse use to prime
the tubing before hanging this blood product?
a) Dextrose 5% in water as this is considered an isotonic solution
b) Current guidelines suggest that no priming is needed since blood
products must be infused alone
c) Lactated Ringer's solution as this is considered an isotonic solution
d) Normal saline solution as this is considered an isotonic solution.
Answer: Normal saline solution as this is considered an isotonic
solution Normal saline solution is used for administering blood
, transfusions. Lactated Ringer's solution or dextrose solutions may
cause blood clotting or RBC hemolysis. Current guidelines do not
indicate a "no priming" method without NSS
⩥ A client with iron deficiency anemia is taking iron supplements. The
nurse emphasizes to the client that the drug will have increased
absorption if taken with:
a) milk.
b) beta-carotene.
c) food.
d) orange juice.. Answer: orange juice
Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) increases iron absorption. Taking iron with a
food rich in ascorbic acid, such as orange juice, increases absorption.
Milk delays iron absorption. It is best to give iron on an empty stomach
to increase absorption. Beta-carotene does not affect iron absorption.
⩥ When developing the plan of care for a client with aplastic anemia, the
nurse should include which goal?
a) Perform activities of daily living without excessive fatigue or
dyspnea.
b) Describe self-care behaviors to prevent the transmission to family
members.
