MSN 570 Week 1 Advanced Pathophysiology 2026/2027 – Study Guide, Notes & Questions

MSN,./570,./Week,./1



Chromosomes,./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔
a,./threadlike,./structure,./of,./nucleic,./acids,./and,./protein,./found,./in,./the,./nucleus,./of,./mo
st,./living,./cells,,./carrying,./genetic,./information,./in,./the,./form,./of,./genes.



Chromatin,./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔
DNA,./is,./combined,./and,./wrapped,./around,./histone,./proteins



active,./transport,./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔
the,./movement,./of,./ions,./or,./molecules,./across,./a,./cell,./membrane,./into,./a,./region,./of,./
higher,./concentration,,./assisted,./by,./enzymes,./and,./requiring,./energy.



Diffusion,./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔
Movement,./of,./molecules,./from,./an,./area,./of,./higher,./concentration,./to,./an,./area,./of,./l
ower,./concentration.



Osmosis,./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔
diffusion,./of,./water,./across,./a,./selectively,./permeable,./membrane



Endocystosis,./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔
the,./process,./during,./which,./a,./cell,./takes,./in,./a,./substance,./by,./surrounding,./it,./with,./t
he,./cell,./membrane



Phagocytosis,./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔ Cell,./eating

,Which,./substrate-
level,./energy,./form,./is,./produced,./as,./a,./result,./of,./the,./reaction,./that,./converts,./succinyl-
CoA,./to,./succinate?,./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔ GTP



Which,./is,./true,./regarding,./regulation,./of,./glucogenesis?,./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔
Upregulated,./by,./Glucagon,./and,./Cortisol



During,./glycolysis,./what,./substrate,./is,./a,./product,./of,./glyceraldehyde-3-
phosphate,./dehydrogenase,./(GAPDH)?,./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔ 1,3-
biphosphoglycerate



What,./happens,./in,./Anaphase,./I?,./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔
Spindle,./microtubules,./from,./centrioles,./split,./pairs



Which,./mitochondrial,./enzymes,./is,./responsible,./for,./converting,./pyruvate,./into,./oxalo
acetate?,./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔ Pyruvate,./Carboxylase



Which,./check,./point,./in,./cell,./cycle,./phase,./is,./best,./known,./for,./final,./chromosomal,./ine
tegrity?,./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔ G2,./Check



What,./happens,./in,./Prophase,./I,./(Meiosis,./I),./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔
Spindle,./Apparatus,./forms



Alpha-
Ketoglutarate,./undergoes,./an,./oxidation,./reach,./which,./produces,./___________,./mole
cules?,./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔ NADH

, During,./glycolysis,,./which,./substrate,./is,./a,./product,./of,./phosphofructokinase-1,./(PFK-
1)?,./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔ Fructose-1,6,./biphosphate



How,./many,./NADH,./molecules,./does,./the,./Krebs,./cycle,./yield,./per,./molecule,./of,./gluco
se?,./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔ 6,./NADH



What,./happens,./in,./Metaphase,./I,./(Meiosis,./1),./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔
Spindle,./Fibers,./attach,./to,./centromere



Which,./chromosome,./components,./is/are,./most,./likely,./to,./consist,./of,./at,./least,./8,./histo
nes?,./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔ Nucleosomes



What,./is,./the,./name,./of,./the,./process,./that,./converts,./Pyruvate,./into,./Acetyl-CoA?,./-
,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔ Pyruvate,./Decarboxylation



What,./is,./characterized,./by,./the,./production,./of,./ATP,./from,./ADP,./by,./direct,./transfer,./o
f,./a,./high,./energy,./phosphate,./group,./form,./a,./phosphorylated,./intermediate,./metabolic,.
/compound?,./(Anaerobic,./Respiration),./-,./correct,./answer,./✔ ✔
Substrate,./level,./ATP,./phosphorylation



What,./cytosolic,./enzyme,./produces,./PEP,./from,./oxaloacetate?,./-,./correct,./answer,./✔
✔ Phosphoenolpyruvate,./(PEP),./Carboxykinase