2026/2027 – Complete Ethical Reasoning Assessment with Detailed Rationales |
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SECTION A: PATIENT ASSESSMENT & CLINICAL PRESENTATION –
MARGOT DAVIS (5 Questions)
Q1: Margot Davis, 18 years old, is brought to the campus clinic by her roommate for
increasing anxiety, insomnia, and a reported positive home pregnancy test. She begs
the nurse not to tell her parents, who pay her tuition and insurance. Which assessment
action is the priority?
A. Contact her parents immediately for consent to treat
B. Assess her safety, including suicidal ideation, and confirm the pregnancy with a clinic
test [CORRECT]
C. Refuse care until she agrees to involve her parents
D. Focus the interview on her parents' insurance information
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Safety assessment (suicide risk) and confirmation of pregnancy guide all
subsequent care; at 18, Margot is a legal adult who consents for herself—parental
contact is not required. Refusing care or centering parents violates her autonomy and
delays needed assessment.
Q2: During the interview, Margot reveals she has been using cannabis and alcohol "to
cope with stress" and stopped her antidepressant (sertraline) 2 weeks ago. She denies
drug allergies, takes no other medications, and her last menstrual period was 8 weeks
ago. Which finding poses the most immediate risk requiring intervention first?
A. History of antidepressant use
B. Unintended pregnancy at 8 weeks gestation
C. Recent cessation of sertraline plus substance use while symptomatic and possibly
pregnant [CORRECT]
D. Parents paying her tuition
Correct Answer: C
, Rationale: Abrupt SSRI discontinuation risks discontinuation syndrome and relapse of
depression; combined with substances and early pregnancy, the immediate clinical risks
(self-harm, fetal exposure) take priority. Antidepressant history and pregnancy alone are
managed routinely; parental finances are contextual, not clinical.
Q3: Margot states, "Sometimes I think everyone would be better off without me, but I
would never act on it." She denies plan or intent. Which action best completes the safety
assessment?
A. Accept her denial and move on to discharge planning
B. Ask directly about plan, means, access, prior attempts, and protective factors
[CORRECT]
C. Place her on involuntary hold immediately
D. Promise confidentiality in exchange for details
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Passive suicidal statements warrant direct, structured follow-up assessment
of plan, means, intent, history, and protective factors. Superficial acceptance, automatic
involuntary commitment (requires imminent danger criteria), and bargaining for
disclosure are incorrect.
Q4: Which finding in Margot's history most strengthens her protective factors against
self-harm?
A. Her parents' financial support of her education
B. A trusting relationship with her roommate who brought her in and willingness to seek
help [CORRECT]
C. Her history of good grades
D. Her prior use of antidepressants
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Social connectedness and help-seeking behavior are established protective
factors against suicide. Financial support, academic performance, and past medication
use do not directly buffer self-harm risk as robustly as supportive relationships and
engagement with care.
Q5: The nurse notes Margot is tearful, has racing thoughts about "ruining her life," and
cannot decide between abortion, adoption, or keeping the pregnancy. Which clinical
observation best reflects her current decision-making capacity?