Advanced Pathophysiology Practice Questions / End / GI
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Already Graded A+ |Questions with Correct
Answers 2026 latest update!
Terms in this set (100)
What is the mode of transmission for the ANS: 4. Both 1 and 3
hepatitis D virus? 1. Blood transfusion
3. Sexual contact
1. Blood
transfusion Page: 713
2.Oral-fecal route
3.Sexual contact
4. Both A and C
1. The hepatitis D virus is particularly
concentrated in the blood of an infected person.
Therefore, it is transmitted through contact with
infected blood or blood products.
2. The hepatitis A and E viruses are transmitted by
the oral-fecal route, usually via contaminated food or
water.
3.The hepatitis D virus is found in the body fluids of
an infected person. Therefore, it can be transmitted
through sexual contact.
4. Hepatitis D is concentrated both in the blood and body
fluids of the infected person. Therefore, transmission can
occur via blood/blood product transfusion and sexual
,Which disorder is caused by an increase in ANS: 4. Cushing's syndrome
the hormones that are secreted from the
adrenal gland? Page: 529
1. Addison's disease 1. Addison's disease is a disorder caused by
2.Hypothyroidism hypofunction of the adrenal gland.
3.Diabetes mellitus 2.Hypothyroidism is a disorder caused by decreased levels of
4.Cushing's syndrome the thyroid hormone.
3.Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder caused
by decreased or impaired function of the
pancreas.
4.Cushing's syndrome is a disorder caused by increased
levels of the cortisol hormone, which is secreted from the
adrenal gland.
A client tells the nurse, "I've been feeling ANS: 3. Arginine vasopressin
excessively thirsty for the last 2 days." On
examination, the nurse finds the client has Page: 548
poor skin turgor, low blood pressure, and
dry skin. A computed tomography scan of 1. Bromocriptine is used to reduce the secretion of
the client's head shows a pituitary tumor. pituitary hormones, when prolactinemia is present.
Which treatment does the nurse expect to 2.Growth hormone replacement is beneficial in the clients
be prescribed by the primary health-care with hypopituitarism.
provider? 3.Arginine vasopressin is also known as antidiuretic
hormone (ADH). Administration of ADH helps to relieve
1. Bromocriptine signs of
2.Growth hormone dehydration such as poor skin turgor, low BP, and dry skin.
3.Arginine vasopressin 4.Adrenocorticotropic hormone is used as a
4.Adrenocorticotropic hormone supplement when growth hormones and tropic hormones
are deficient.
A client who underwent laryngotomy ANS: 1. The client has hypothyroidism.
presented with depression, increased
sensitivity to cold, and constipation. On Page: 549
assessment, the nurse finds a puffy face and
periorbital edema. The blood report 1. Hypothyroidism is characterized by weight gain,
shows a high TSH level. What does the increased sensitivity to cold, constipation, puffy face, and
nurse periorbital edema. The blood report shows a high TSH
interpret from the findings? level, which
further confirms the diagnosis of hypothyroidism.
1. The client has hypothyroidism. 2.Hyperthyroidism is characterized by weight loss,
2. The client has hyperthyroidism. sensitivity to heat, palpitations, and an enlarged thyroid.
3.The client has hypoparathyroidism. 3.Hypoparathyroidism is characterized by muscle
4.The client has hyperparathyroidism. spasms, tetany, and seizures.
4. Hyperparathyroidism is characterized by bone pain, muscle
weakness, and hypercalcemia.
,Which condition exhibits "moon facies" as ANS: 3. Cushing's syndrome
a characteristic symptom?
Page: 537
1. Myxedema
2.Graves's disease 1. Myxedema is characterized by a puffy face and
3.Cushing's syndrome periorbital edema.
4. Adrenal insufficiency 2.Grave's disease is characterized by an enlarged thyroid
or nodule.
3.Moon facies are a characteristic feature of
Cushing's syndrome.
4.Adrenal insufficiency is characterized by orthostatic
hypotension and a tanned appearance.
Which diagnostic test is useful for ANS: 3. Radioactive iodine scan
detecting hyperactivity of the thyroid gland
during an evaluation of a thyroid Page: 550
disorder?
1. A Sestamibi scan shows masses or cysts of
1. Sestamibi scan parathyroid gland.
2.Ultrasound 2.Ultrasound is useful in detecting masses or cysts and
3.Radioactive iodine scan gland enlargement.
4.CT scan of the anterior neck 3.Hyperactivity of the thyroid gland is seen in
hyperthyroidism. A radioactive iodine scan shows the
hyperactive gland.
4.A CT scan of the anterior neck shows the presence of
pituitary mass.
The nurse is caring for a client with ANS: 2. The client has
seizures, severely elevated blood
pressure, and pheochromocytoma. Page: 546
impaired mentation. The primary health-care
provider suspects the client's condition is 1. A Pineal tumor is characterized by seizures, headache,
an endocrine disorder. A 24-hour memory disturbances, nausea, and vomiting. The condition is
urinalysis confirmed by a computed tomography or magnetic
report shows an excess amount of resonance imaging scan that shows a tumor.
catecholamine metabolites. What might 2.Pheochromocytoma is characterized by hypertensive crises
be the diagnosis of the client? such as severely elevated BP, seizures, and altered
mental status due to excess secretion of catecholamines.
1. The client has a pineal tumor. A 24-hour urine analysis is the most common method
2. The client has pheochromocytoma. used for
3.The client has Cushing's syndrome. diagnosing the condition. Presence of catecholamines
4.The client has multiple endocrine indicates pheochromocytoma.
neoplasia. 3.Cushing's syndrome is a disorder caused by excessive
secretion of cortisol. This is characterized by weight
gain,
moon facies, antithyroid buffalo hump, and hirsutism. Various
diagnostic tests are required for confirmation.
4. Multiple endocrine neoplasia has various clinical features
due to involvement of multiple endocrine glands. This
condition is diagnosed by using various blood tests
that
detect the level of growth hormones.
, Which endocrine disorder involves ANS: 1. Grave's disease
treatment using antithyroid hormone
medication such as propylthiouracil (PTU)? Page: 541
1. Grave's disease 1. Grave's disease is the most common cause of
2.Plummer disease hyperthyroidism, which is commonly treated with
3.Cushing's disease propylthiouracil (PTU). This medication helps to suppress
4.Addison's disease the function of the thyroid gland.
2.Plummer disease, also called toxic multinodular goiter,
requires surgery as a method of treatment because of
the extensive spread of nodules.
3.Cushing's disease is most commonly treated with
ADH antagonists, furosemide, and by providing
symptomatic treatment.
4.Addison's disease is caused by adrenal insufficiency,
which is most commonly treated with replacement of
ACTH or
cortisol, depending on the cause.
Which congenital condition occurs due to ANS: 1. Cretinism
thyroid hormone deficiency during
embryonic development and early neonatal Page: 538
life?
1. Cretinism is a congenital condition caused by
1. Cretinism hypothyroidism during embryonic development and early
2.Pheochromocytoma neonatal life.
3.Sheehan's syndrome 2.Pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor of the adrenal
4. Fetal alcohol syndrome medulla; the cause is unknown.
3.Sheehan's syndrome is an endocrine disorder that
occurs after childbirth due to severe hemorrhage.
4. Fetal alcohol syndrome is a congenital disorder caused by
diminished parathyroid gland function.
The nurse is teaching a group of student ANS: 4. "The client is prescribed bisphosphonates to stimulate
nurses about treatment strategies that are osteoclast activity."
beneficial to a client with
hyperparathyroidism. Which statement of Page: 551
the student nurse does the nurse correct?
1. Calcitonin is a drug that inhibits bone breakdown
1. "The client is prescribed and is used for the treatment of clients with
calcitonin to inhibit bone hyperparathyroidism.
breakdown." 2.Calcium and vitamin D are also supplemented to the
2."The client is prescribed calcium client with hyperparathyroidism for bone building.
and vitamins for bone building." 3.An increase in water intake prevents the occurrence of
3."The client is advised to increase kidney stones and helps avoid complications during
water intake to prevent kidney treatment.
stones." 4. Bisphosphonates are administered to the client
4. "The client is prescribed bisphosphonates with hyperparathyroidism to inhibit osteoclast
to stimulate osteoclast activity." activity.
/ Liver Exam Questions & Answers | Latest
Already Graded A+ |Questions with Correct
Answers 2026 latest update!
Terms in this set (100)
What is the mode of transmission for the ANS: 4. Both 1 and 3
hepatitis D virus? 1. Blood transfusion
3. Sexual contact
1. Blood
transfusion Page: 713
2.Oral-fecal route
3.Sexual contact
4. Both A and C
1. The hepatitis D virus is particularly
concentrated in the blood of an infected person.
Therefore, it is transmitted through contact with
infected blood or blood products.
2. The hepatitis A and E viruses are transmitted by
the oral-fecal route, usually via contaminated food or
water.
3.The hepatitis D virus is found in the body fluids of
an infected person. Therefore, it can be transmitted
through sexual contact.
4. Hepatitis D is concentrated both in the blood and body
fluids of the infected person. Therefore, transmission can
occur via blood/blood product transfusion and sexual
,Which disorder is caused by an increase in ANS: 4. Cushing's syndrome
the hormones that are secreted from the
adrenal gland? Page: 529
1. Addison's disease 1. Addison's disease is a disorder caused by
2.Hypothyroidism hypofunction of the adrenal gland.
3.Diabetes mellitus 2.Hypothyroidism is a disorder caused by decreased levels of
4.Cushing's syndrome the thyroid hormone.
3.Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder caused
by decreased or impaired function of the
pancreas.
4.Cushing's syndrome is a disorder caused by increased
levels of the cortisol hormone, which is secreted from the
adrenal gland.
A client tells the nurse, "I've been feeling ANS: 3. Arginine vasopressin
excessively thirsty for the last 2 days." On
examination, the nurse finds the client has Page: 548
poor skin turgor, low blood pressure, and
dry skin. A computed tomography scan of 1. Bromocriptine is used to reduce the secretion of
the client's head shows a pituitary tumor. pituitary hormones, when prolactinemia is present.
Which treatment does the nurse expect to 2.Growth hormone replacement is beneficial in the clients
be prescribed by the primary health-care with hypopituitarism.
provider? 3.Arginine vasopressin is also known as antidiuretic
hormone (ADH). Administration of ADH helps to relieve
1. Bromocriptine signs of
2.Growth hormone dehydration such as poor skin turgor, low BP, and dry skin.
3.Arginine vasopressin 4.Adrenocorticotropic hormone is used as a
4.Adrenocorticotropic hormone supplement when growth hormones and tropic hormones
are deficient.
A client who underwent laryngotomy ANS: 1. The client has hypothyroidism.
presented with depression, increased
sensitivity to cold, and constipation. On Page: 549
assessment, the nurse finds a puffy face and
periorbital edema. The blood report 1. Hypothyroidism is characterized by weight gain,
shows a high TSH level. What does the increased sensitivity to cold, constipation, puffy face, and
nurse periorbital edema. The blood report shows a high TSH
interpret from the findings? level, which
further confirms the diagnosis of hypothyroidism.
1. The client has hypothyroidism. 2.Hyperthyroidism is characterized by weight loss,
2. The client has hyperthyroidism. sensitivity to heat, palpitations, and an enlarged thyroid.
3.The client has hypoparathyroidism. 3.Hypoparathyroidism is characterized by muscle
4.The client has hyperparathyroidism. spasms, tetany, and seizures.
4. Hyperparathyroidism is characterized by bone pain, muscle
weakness, and hypercalcemia.
,Which condition exhibits "moon facies" as ANS: 3. Cushing's syndrome
a characteristic symptom?
Page: 537
1. Myxedema
2.Graves's disease 1. Myxedema is characterized by a puffy face and
3.Cushing's syndrome periorbital edema.
4. Adrenal insufficiency 2.Grave's disease is characterized by an enlarged thyroid
or nodule.
3.Moon facies are a characteristic feature of
Cushing's syndrome.
4.Adrenal insufficiency is characterized by orthostatic
hypotension and a tanned appearance.
Which diagnostic test is useful for ANS: 3. Radioactive iodine scan
detecting hyperactivity of the thyroid gland
during an evaluation of a thyroid Page: 550
disorder?
1. A Sestamibi scan shows masses or cysts of
1. Sestamibi scan parathyroid gland.
2.Ultrasound 2.Ultrasound is useful in detecting masses or cysts and
3.Radioactive iodine scan gland enlargement.
4.CT scan of the anterior neck 3.Hyperactivity of the thyroid gland is seen in
hyperthyroidism. A radioactive iodine scan shows the
hyperactive gland.
4.A CT scan of the anterior neck shows the presence of
pituitary mass.
The nurse is caring for a client with ANS: 2. The client has
seizures, severely elevated blood
pressure, and pheochromocytoma. Page: 546
impaired mentation. The primary health-care
provider suspects the client's condition is 1. A Pineal tumor is characterized by seizures, headache,
an endocrine disorder. A 24-hour memory disturbances, nausea, and vomiting. The condition is
urinalysis confirmed by a computed tomography or magnetic
report shows an excess amount of resonance imaging scan that shows a tumor.
catecholamine metabolites. What might 2.Pheochromocytoma is characterized by hypertensive crises
be the diagnosis of the client? such as severely elevated BP, seizures, and altered
mental status due to excess secretion of catecholamines.
1. The client has a pineal tumor. A 24-hour urine analysis is the most common method
2. The client has pheochromocytoma. used for
3.The client has Cushing's syndrome. diagnosing the condition. Presence of catecholamines
4.The client has multiple endocrine indicates pheochromocytoma.
neoplasia. 3.Cushing's syndrome is a disorder caused by excessive
secretion of cortisol. This is characterized by weight
gain,
moon facies, antithyroid buffalo hump, and hirsutism. Various
diagnostic tests are required for confirmation.
4. Multiple endocrine neoplasia has various clinical features
due to involvement of multiple endocrine glands. This
condition is diagnosed by using various blood tests
that
detect the level of growth hormones.
, Which endocrine disorder involves ANS: 1. Grave's disease
treatment using antithyroid hormone
medication such as propylthiouracil (PTU)? Page: 541
1. Grave's disease 1. Grave's disease is the most common cause of
2.Plummer disease hyperthyroidism, which is commonly treated with
3.Cushing's disease propylthiouracil (PTU). This medication helps to suppress
4.Addison's disease the function of the thyroid gland.
2.Plummer disease, also called toxic multinodular goiter,
requires surgery as a method of treatment because of
the extensive spread of nodules.
3.Cushing's disease is most commonly treated with
ADH antagonists, furosemide, and by providing
symptomatic treatment.
4.Addison's disease is caused by adrenal insufficiency,
which is most commonly treated with replacement of
ACTH or
cortisol, depending on the cause.
Which congenital condition occurs due to ANS: 1. Cretinism
thyroid hormone deficiency during
embryonic development and early neonatal Page: 538
life?
1. Cretinism is a congenital condition caused by
1. Cretinism hypothyroidism during embryonic development and early
2.Pheochromocytoma neonatal life.
3.Sheehan's syndrome 2.Pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor of the adrenal
4. Fetal alcohol syndrome medulla; the cause is unknown.
3.Sheehan's syndrome is an endocrine disorder that
occurs after childbirth due to severe hemorrhage.
4. Fetal alcohol syndrome is a congenital disorder caused by
diminished parathyroid gland function.
The nurse is teaching a group of student ANS: 4. "The client is prescribed bisphosphonates to stimulate
nurses about treatment strategies that are osteoclast activity."
beneficial to a client with
hyperparathyroidism. Which statement of Page: 551
the student nurse does the nurse correct?
1. Calcitonin is a drug that inhibits bone breakdown
1. "The client is prescribed and is used for the treatment of clients with
calcitonin to inhibit bone hyperparathyroidism.
breakdown." 2.Calcium and vitamin D are also supplemented to the
2."The client is prescribed calcium client with hyperparathyroidism for bone building.
and vitamins for bone building." 3.An increase in water intake prevents the occurrence of
3."The client is advised to increase kidney stones and helps avoid complications during
water intake to prevent kidney treatment.
stones." 4. Bisphosphonates are administered to the client
4. "The client is prescribed bisphosphonates with hyperparathyroidism to inhibit osteoclast
to stimulate osteoclast activity." activity.
