Pathophysiology Exam 1 Test Bank Questions and Answers 2026 |
Pathophysiology Exam Prep & Study Guide
Anxincreasexinxcardiacxsizexandxfunctionxworkloadxisxtermed:x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅Atrophy
WhilexassessingxaxpatientxdiagnosedxwithxMarfan'sxSyndromexthexnursexshouldxincludexwhichxofxthexfol
lowingxisxconsistentxwithxthexsyndrome:
A.xcardiacxassessmentxforxcoarctationxofxthexaorta
B.xgenitalxassessmentxforxsmallxtesticles
C.xmetalxassessmentxforximpairment
D.xoralxassessmentxforxcleftxpalatex-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅A.xcardiacxassessmentxforxcoarctationxofxthexaorta
ChildrenxwithxPKUxmustxavoidxphenylalaninexinxthexdiet.xPhenylalaninexisxmostxlikelyxtoxbexaxcomponen
txof:
A.xfat
B.xSugar
C.xProtein
D.xcarbohydratesx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅C.xProtein
Ax17-year-oldxcollege-
boundxstudentxreceivesxaxvaccinexagainstxanxorganismxthatxcausesxmeningitis.xthisxisxanxexamplexofx
A.xprimaryxprevention
B.xsecondaryxprevention
C.tertiaryxprevention
D.diseasextreatmentx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅A.xprimaryxprevention
Metaplasiaxisx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅thexreplacementxofxonexdifferentiatedxcellxtypexwithxanother
,Duringxaxroutinexultrasoundxofxax38xyearxoldxwomenx26xweeksxgestationxrevealsxaxfetusxwithxaxsmallxsq
uarexhead,xupwardxslantxofxthexeyes,xandxlowxsetxears.xThexnursexrecognizesxthatxthesexfindingsxarexco
nsistentxwithxwhichxofxthexfollowing?
A.xFragilexXxSyndrome
B.xMonosomyxXx(Turner'sxSyndrome)
C.xTrisomyx21x(Down'sxSyndrome)
D.xTrisomyxXx(Klinefelter'sxSyndrome)x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅C.xTrisomyx21x(Down'sxSyndrome)
WhilexdiscussingxtreatmentxoptionsxwithxaxparentxofxaxnewlyxdiagnosedxMonosomyxXx(Turner'sxSyndro
me)xchild,xthexnursexshouldxincludexwhichxofxthexfollowing?
A.xtherexisxnoxtreatmentxofxcure
B.xsymptomsxofxthexconditionxarextreatedxwithxestrogen
C.xsymptomsxofxthexconditionxarextreatedxwithxtestosterone
D.xinstitutionalizationxisxthexpreferredxmethodsxofxmanagingxcarex-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅B.xsymptomsxofxthexconditionxarextreatedxwithxestrogen
Whichxofxthexfollowingxassessmentxfindingsxindicatesxanxaltercationxinxhomeostaticxcontrolxmechanism
s?
A.xFever
B.xThroatxPain
C.xJointxStiffness
D.xPositivexthroatxculturex-xcorrectxanswerx ✅A.xFever
Whatxinformationxshouldxparentsxbexgivenxaboutxthexconsequencesxofxphenylketonuriax(PKU)?
A.xmentalxretardationxisxinevitable
B.xPKUxisxcommonlyxassociatedxwithxotherxcongenitalxanomalies
C.xHighxdietaryxtyraminexmayxhelpxinducexenzymexproduction
D.xfailurextoxtreatxproperlyxresultsxinxprogressivexmentalxretardation.x-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅D.xfailurextoxtreatxproperlyxresultsxinxprogressivexmentalxretardation.
Anxinjuryxthatxoccursxwhenxbloodxflowxisxdiminishedxtoxtissuexisxcalledx____xInjury.
,A.xHypoxia
B.xIschemic
C.xHyperemic
D.xNeoplasticx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅B.xIschemic
TayxSachsxisxcausedxbyxwhichxofxthexfollowing?
A.xAxdeficiencyxorxabsencexofxhexosaminidasexA
B.xAxdefectxonxchromosomesx17xorx22
C.xAxmutationxonxchromosomesx15
D.xAnxerrorxinxconvertingxphenylalaninextoxtyrosinex-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅A.xAxdeficiencyxorxabsencexofxhexosaminidasexA
AnxObese,xbutxotherwisexhealthyxteenxgoesxtoxaxhealthxfairxandxhasxherxbloodxpressurexchecked.xThisxis
xanxexamplexof
A.xPrimaryxprevention
B.xsecondaryxprevention
C.xtertiaryxprevention
D.xdiseasextreatmentx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅B.xsecondaryxprevention
CharacteristicsxofxX-linkedxrecessivexdisordersxincludexwhichxofxthexfollowing?
A.xThexsonxofxaxcarrierxmotherxhasx25%xchancexofxbeingxaffected
B.xAffectedxfathersxtransmitxthexgenextoxallxofxtheirxsons
C.xAllxdaughtersxofxaffectedxfathersxarexcarriers
D.xBoysxandxgirlsxarexequallyxaffectedx-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅C.xAllxdaughtersxofxaffectedxfathersxarexcarriers
Axfactorxassociatedxwithxriskxofxdownxsyndrome:
A.xMaternalxAge
B.xmaternalxalcoholxintake
C.xfamilyxhistoryxofxheritablexdiseases
, D.xExposurextoxTORCHxsyndromexorganismsx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅A.xMaternalxAge
Whichxtypexofxgangrenexisxusuallyxaxresultxofxarterialxocclusion
A.xNecrosis
B.xDry
C.xWet
D.xGasx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅B.xDry
Thexcancerxgrowthxcontinuumxisxdividedxintoxthexfollowingxstages
A.xStagex1,xStagex2,xStagex3
B.xInitiation,xProgression,xPromotion
C.xPreliminary,xEvolutionary,xMetastasis
D.xInitiation,xPromotion,xProgressionx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅D.xInitiation,xPromotion,xProgression
Axdiseasexinxwhichxthexprincipalxmanifestationsxisxanxabnormalxgrowthxofxcellsxleadingxtoxformationxofxt
umorsxisxcalledxax_______xDisease
A.xCongenital
B.xDegenerative
C.xMetabolic
D.xNeoplasticx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅D.xNeoplastic
Thexactivitiesxofxthexcellxarexdirectedxbyxwhichxcellxstructure?
A.xCytoplasmax
B.xOrganelles
C.xCellxMembranes
D.xGolgixApparatusx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅D.xGolgixApparatus
Enzymesxthatxusexoxidationxtoxconvertxfoodxmaterialsxintoxenergyxarexfoundxinxsausage-
shapedxstructuresxcalledx__________.
Pathophysiology Exam Prep & Study Guide
Anxincreasexinxcardiacxsizexandxfunctionxworkloadxisxtermed:x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅Atrophy
WhilexassessingxaxpatientxdiagnosedxwithxMarfan'sxSyndromexthexnursexshouldxincludexwhichxofxthexfol
lowingxisxconsistentxwithxthexsyndrome:
A.xcardiacxassessmentxforxcoarctationxofxthexaorta
B.xgenitalxassessmentxforxsmallxtesticles
C.xmetalxassessmentxforximpairment
D.xoralxassessmentxforxcleftxpalatex-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅A.xcardiacxassessmentxforxcoarctationxofxthexaorta
ChildrenxwithxPKUxmustxavoidxphenylalaninexinxthexdiet.xPhenylalaninexisxmostxlikelyxtoxbexaxcomponen
txof:
A.xfat
B.xSugar
C.xProtein
D.xcarbohydratesx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅C.xProtein
Ax17-year-oldxcollege-
boundxstudentxreceivesxaxvaccinexagainstxanxorganismxthatxcausesxmeningitis.xthisxisxanxexamplexofx
A.xprimaryxprevention
B.xsecondaryxprevention
C.tertiaryxprevention
D.diseasextreatmentx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅A.xprimaryxprevention
Metaplasiaxisx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅thexreplacementxofxonexdifferentiatedxcellxtypexwithxanother
,Duringxaxroutinexultrasoundxofxax38xyearxoldxwomenx26xweeksxgestationxrevealsxaxfetusxwithxaxsmallxsq
uarexhead,xupwardxslantxofxthexeyes,xandxlowxsetxears.xThexnursexrecognizesxthatxthesexfindingsxarexco
nsistentxwithxwhichxofxthexfollowing?
A.xFragilexXxSyndrome
B.xMonosomyxXx(Turner'sxSyndrome)
C.xTrisomyx21x(Down'sxSyndrome)
D.xTrisomyxXx(Klinefelter'sxSyndrome)x-xcorrectxanswerx ✅C.xTrisomyx21x(Down'sxSyndrome)
WhilexdiscussingxtreatmentxoptionsxwithxaxparentxofxaxnewlyxdiagnosedxMonosomyxXx(Turner'sxSyndro
me)xchild,xthexnursexshouldxincludexwhichxofxthexfollowing?
A.xtherexisxnoxtreatmentxofxcure
B.xsymptomsxofxthexconditionxarextreatedxwithxestrogen
C.xsymptomsxofxthexconditionxarextreatedxwithxtestosterone
D.xinstitutionalizationxisxthexpreferredxmethodsxofxmanagingxcarex-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅B.xsymptomsxofxthexconditionxarextreatedxwithxestrogen
Whichxofxthexfollowingxassessmentxfindingsxindicatesxanxaltercationxinxhomeostaticxcontrolxmechanism
s?
A.xFever
B.xThroatxPain
C.xJointxStiffness
D.xPositivexthroatxculturex-xcorrectxanswerx ✅A.xFever
Whatxinformationxshouldxparentsxbexgivenxaboutxthexconsequencesxofxphenylketonuriax(PKU)?
A.xmentalxretardationxisxinevitable
B.xPKUxisxcommonlyxassociatedxwithxotherxcongenitalxanomalies
C.xHighxdietaryxtyraminexmayxhelpxinducexenzymexproduction
D.xfailurextoxtreatxproperlyxresultsxinxprogressivexmentalxretardation.x-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅D.xfailurextoxtreatxproperlyxresultsxinxprogressivexmentalxretardation.
Anxinjuryxthatxoccursxwhenxbloodxflowxisxdiminishedxtoxtissuexisxcalledx____xInjury.
,A.xHypoxia
B.xIschemic
C.xHyperemic
D.xNeoplasticx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅B.xIschemic
TayxSachsxisxcausedxbyxwhichxofxthexfollowing?
A.xAxdeficiencyxorxabsencexofxhexosaminidasexA
B.xAxdefectxonxchromosomesx17xorx22
C.xAxmutationxonxchromosomesx15
D.xAnxerrorxinxconvertingxphenylalaninextoxtyrosinex-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅A.xAxdeficiencyxorxabsencexofxhexosaminidasexA
AnxObese,xbutxotherwisexhealthyxteenxgoesxtoxaxhealthxfairxandxhasxherxbloodxpressurexchecked.xThisxis
xanxexamplexof
A.xPrimaryxprevention
B.xsecondaryxprevention
C.xtertiaryxprevention
D.xdiseasextreatmentx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅B.xsecondaryxprevention
CharacteristicsxofxX-linkedxrecessivexdisordersxincludexwhichxofxthexfollowing?
A.xThexsonxofxaxcarrierxmotherxhasx25%xchancexofxbeingxaffected
B.xAffectedxfathersxtransmitxthexgenextoxallxofxtheirxsons
C.xAllxdaughtersxofxaffectedxfathersxarexcarriers
D.xBoysxandxgirlsxarexequallyxaffectedx-
xcorrectxanswerx ✅C.xAllxdaughtersxofxaffectedxfathersxarexcarriers
Axfactorxassociatedxwithxriskxofxdownxsyndrome:
A.xMaternalxAge
B.xmaternalxalcoholxintake
C.xfamilyxhistoryxofxheritablexdiseases
, D.xExposurextoxTORCHxsyndromexorganismsx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅A.xMaternalxAge
Whichxtypexofxgangrenexisxusuallyxaxresultxofxarterialxocclusion
A.xNecrosis
B.xDry
C.xWet
D.xGasx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅B.xDry
Thexcancerxgrowthxcontinuumxisxdividedxintoxthexfollowingxstages
A.xStagex1,xStagex2,xStagex3
B.xInitiation,xProgression,xPromotion
C.xPreliminary,xEvolutionary,xMetastasis
D.xInitiation,xPromotion,xProgressionx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅D.xInitiation,xPromotion,xProgression
Axdiseasexinxwhichxthexprincipalxmanifestationsxisxanxabnormalxgrowthxofxcellsxleadingxtoxformationxofxt
umorsxisxcalledxax_______xDisease
A.xCongenital
B.xDegenerative
C.xMetabolic
D.xNeoplasticx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅D.xNeoplastic
Thexactivitiesxofxthexcellxarexdirectedxbyxwhichxcellxstructure?
A.xCytoplasmax
B.xOrganelles
C.xCellxMembranes
D.xGolgixApparatusx-xcorrectxanswerx ✅D.xGolgixApparatus
Enzymesxthatxusexoxidationxtoxconvertxfoodxmaterialsxintoxenergyxarexfoundxinxsausage-
shapedxstructuresxcalledx__________.
