APHY 101 Ch 1: An Introduction to the Human Body and
Homeostasis Ivy Tech
1. Anatomy Studies the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another.
2. Physiology Concerns the function of the body, in other words, how the body parts work and
carry out their life sustaining activities. Often focuses on cellular and molecular
level.
3. Gross or Macro- Study of large body structures visible to naked eye (ex: heart, lungs, kidneys).
scopic Anatomy
4. Regional Anato- All structures in a particular region of the body, ex: abdomen, leg
my
5. Systemic Anato- Body structure is studied system by system, ex: cardiovascular system, you would
my examine the heart and blood vessels of the entire body.
6. Microscopic Deals with structures too small to be seen with the naked eye.
Anatomy
7. Cytology Studies individual cells of the body.
8. Histology Studies cells of the body and how they group together to form the architecture
of tissues
9. Developmental Traces structural changes that occur throughout the life span.
Anatomy
10. Embryology Subdivision of developmental anatomy, concerns developmental changes that
occur before birth.
11. Principle of com- Anatomy and physiology are inseparable because function always reflects struc-
plementarity ture. What a structure can do depends on its specific form.
12.
, APHY 101 Ch 1: An Introduction to the Human Body and
Homeostasis Ivy Tech
Levels of structur- subatomic
al organization atomic
molecular
macromolecular
cellular
tissue
organ
organ system
organismal
13. Subatomic level Electronic structure of individual atoms; made up of protons, neutrons, electrons
14. Atomic level Atoms are defined as the smallest unit of an element (examples: oxygen, carbon,
nitrogen) that still maintains the property of that element.
15. Macromolecule Molecules combine to form macromolecules and organelles, basic components
level of the microscopic cells. Examples: proteins, lipids, nucleic acids (DNA, RNA),
carbohydrates.
16. Cellular Level The smallest units of living things. All cells have some common functions, but
individual cells vary widely in size and shape.
17. Tissue Level Groups of similar cells that work together to perform specific functions in the
human body.
18. Organ Level Specialized groups of tissues with a distinct boundary that work together to
perform specific bodily functions. Ex: stomach produces digestive juices, churns
and mixes food.
19. What is the organ A group of organs that work together to accomplish a major function or meet
system level? physiological needs.
20. To circulate blood to carry oxygen and nutrients to all body cells.
Homeostasis Ivy Tech
1. Anatomy Studies the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another.
2. Physiology Concerns the function of the body, in other words, how the body parts work and
carry out their life sustaining activities. Often focuses on cellular and molecular
level.
3. Gross or Macro- Study of large body structures visible to naked eye (ex: heart, lungs, kidneys).
scopic Anatomy
4. Regional Anato- All structures in a particular region of the body, ex: abdomen, leg
my
5. Systemic Anato- Body structure is studied system by system, ex: cardiovascular system, you would
my examine the heart and blood vessels of the entire body.
6. Microscopic Deals with structures too small to be seen with the naked eye.
Anatomy
7. Cytology Studies individual cells of the body.
8. Histology Studies cells of the body and how they group together to form the architecture
of tissues
9. Developmental Traces structural changes that occur throughout the life span.
Anatomy
10. Embryology Subdivision of developmental anatomy, concerns developmental changes that
occur before birth.
11. Principle of com- Anatomy and physiology are inseparable because function always reflects struc-
plementarity ture. What a structure can do depends on its specific form.
12.
, APHY 101 Ch 1: An Introduction to the Human Body and
Homeostasis Ivy Tech
Levels of structur- subatomic
al organization atomic
molecular
macromolecular
cellular
tissue
organ
organ system
organismal
13. Subatomic level Electronic structure of individual atoms; made up of protons, neutrons, electrons
14. Atomic level Atoms are defined as the smallest unit of an element (examples: oxygen, carbon,
nitrogen) that still maintains the property of that element.
15. Macromolecule Molecules combine to form macromolecules and organelles, basic components
level of the microscopic cells. Examples: proteins, lipids, nucleic acids (DNA, RNA),
carbohydrates.
16. Cellular Level The smallest units of living things. All cells have some common functions, but
individual cells vary widely in size and shape.
17. Tissue Level Groups of similar cells that work together to perform specific functions in the
human body.
18. Organ Level Specialized groups of tissues with a distinct boundary that work together to
perform specific bodily functions. Ex: stomach produces digestive juices, churns
and mixes food.
19. What is the organ A group of organs that work together to accomplish a major function or meet
system level? physiological needs.
20. To circulate blood to carry oxygen and nutrients to all body cells.
