PRINCIPLES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
ESSENTIAL STUDY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ endocrinology.
Answer: study of hormones, hormone-secreting glands, and their
diseases
◉ Horomones.
Answer: chemical regulators released by glands, through the blood,
to send messages to cells
◉ Cardiovascular physiology.
Answer: function of the heart & blood vessels
◉ Immunology.
Answer: Body's resistance to disease causing agents
◉ respiratory physiology.
Answer: functions of the air passageways and lungs
◉ Renal Physiology.
Answer: kidney function and urine production
,◉ Exercise Physiology.
Answer: Changes in cell and organ functions due to muscular
activity
◉ Pathophysiology.
Answer: Functional changes associated with disease and aging
◉ Levels of Structural Organization: Lowest to Highest.
Answer: 1. Chemical
2. cellular
3. tissue
4. organ
5. organ system
6. body
◉ Atom.
Answer: smallest unit of matter
◉ Molecule.
Answer: A group of atoms bonded together
, ◉ Atoms essential for maintaining life.
Answer: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium,
sulfur
◉ molecules combine to form.
Answer: cells, the basic unit of all life
◉ tissue level.
Answer: groups of similar cells that have a common function
◉ organ level.
Answer: Organs are made up of different types of tissues joined
◉ organ system level.
Answer: related organs with a common function
◉ pancreas is part of.
Answer: both the digestive system and the endocrine system
◉ Organismic level.
Answer: the entire body consisting of the various organ systems.
ESSENTIAL STUDY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ endocrinology.
Answer: study of hormones, hormone-secreting glands, and their
diseases
◉ Horomones.
Answer: chemical regulators released by glands, through the blood,
to send messages to cells
◉ Cardiovascular physiology.
Answer: function of the heart & blood vessels
◉ Immunology.
Answer: Body's resistance to disease causing agents
◉ respiratory physiology.
Answer: functions of the air passageways and lungs
◉ Renal Physiology.
Answer: kidney function and urine production
,◉ Exercise Physiology.
Answer: Changes in cell and organ functions due to muscular
activity
◉ Pathophysiology.
Answer: Functional changes associated with disease and aging
◉ Levels of Structural Organization: Lowest to Highest.
Answer: 1. Chemical
2. cellular
3. tissue
4. organ
5. organ system
6. body
◉ Atom.
Answer: smallest unit of matter
◉ Molecule.
Answer: A group of atoms bonded together
, ◉ Atoms essential for maintaining life.
Answer: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium,
sulfur
◉ molecules combine to form.
Answer: cells, the basic unit of all life
◉ tissue level.
Answer: groups of similar cells that have a common function
◉ organ level.
Answer: Organs are made up of different types of tissues joined
◉ organ system level.
Answer: related organs with a common function
◉ pancreas is part of.
Answer: both the digestive system and the endocrine system
◉ Organismic level.
Answer: the entire body consisting of the various organ systems.
