CVP BASIC VISION EXAM COMBINED
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Intensity of light = ?.
Answer: Number of Photons
◉ Quantum Efficiency.
Answer: The ratio of light that the sensor converts into charge.
◉ Difference between CCD and CMOS?.
Answer: How they transfer the charge out of the pixel and into the
camera's electronics "Read Out".
◉ What is Machine Vision?.
Answer: It is the automatic acquisition and analysis of images to
obtain desired data for controlling or evaluating a specific part or
activity
◉ CoaXPress.
Answer: -digital interface for high speed image transfer for vision
applications using 75 ohm coaxial cable
-Benefits: long cable length, high speed (6.25 Gb/s),
,--good choice for data rates over 5 Gb/s, and for date rates over 1
Gb/s at long distances
--plug and pay (Gen 1 cam, gen tl)
--digital video, control, GPIO, triggering, and power over one cable
◉ GigE Vision.
Answer: -open frame work for transferring imaging data and control
signals between cameras and PCs over standard network
connections
-no performance guarantee
-GigE Vision: 1 Gb/s
-10 GigE Vision: 10 Gb/s
◉ USB 3 Vision.
Answer: -based off existing, well defined usb mechanisms
for device discovery, control, and image streaming
-builds off of experience with GigE Vision and other standards
-machine vision specific features
-variable-sized image/ data frames
-zero-copy transfers
-reliable recovery of errors conditions
-standardizing a screw-lock USB 3 connector
,-3.5 Gb/s
◉ Binary Morphology (Image processing).
Answer: -extract and and alter the structure of particles in a binary
image
-functions that remove unwanted info caused by the thresholding
--noise particles
--particles touching the border of an image
--particles touching each other
--particles with uneven borders
◉ Spatial Noise.
Answer: -"fixed pattern noise"
-constant non-uniformities in the image caused by bad sensor
design, electrical noise, ect.
◉ Spatial Filtering (Image processing).
Answer: -examples: linear highpass, linear lowpass, non-linear
highpass, non-linear lowpass
-technique is used directly on pixels of the image
-averaging pixels and changing them, ranking pixels and changing
them
, ◉ Frequency Domian Filtering (Image processing).
Answer: -used for smoothing and sharpening of image by removal of
high or low frequency components
-all filtering that can be done in spatial filtering can also be done in
frequency domain
◉ PMAG.
Answer: -primary magnification
-ratio between the sensor size and the FOV
◉ Thresholding (Image processing).
Answer: -converts each pixel in an image to 0 or 1 accoring to the
value of the original pixel
-helps extract significant structures in an image
◉ Required Resolution Calculation.
Answer: -image pixel size = FOV/pixel count
◉ spatial calibration (Image processing).
Answer: -corrects for lens and perspective distortion
-allows the user to take real-world measurements from image based
on pixel locations
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Intensity of light = ?.
Answer: Number of Photons
◉ Quantum Efficiency.
Answer: The ratio of light that the sensor converts into charge.
◉ Difference between CCD and CMOS?.
Answer: How they transfer the charge out of the pixel and into the
camera's electronics "Read Out".
◉ What is Machine Vision?.
Answer: It is the automatic acquisition and analysis of images to
obtain desired data for controlling or evaluating a specific part or
activity
◉ CoaXPress.
Answer: -digital interface for high speed image transfer for vision
applications using 75 ohm coaxial cable
-Benefits: long cable length, high speed (6.25 Gb/s),
,--good choice for data rates over 5 Gb/s, and for date rates over 1
Gb/s at long distances
--plug and pay (Gen 1 cam, gen tl)
--digital video, control, GPIO, triggering, and power over one cable
◉ GigE Vision.
Answer: -open frame work for transferring imaging data and control
signals between cameras and PCs over standard network
connections
-no performance guarantee
-GigE Vision: 1 Gb/s
-10 GigE Vision: 10 Gb/s
◉ USB 3 Vision.
Answer: -based off existing, well defined usb mechanisms
for device discovery, control, and image streaming
-builds off of experience with GigE Vision and other standards
-machine vision specific features
-variable-sized image/ data frames
-zero-copy transfers
-reliable recovery of errors conditions
-standardizing a screw-lock USB 3 connector
,-3.5 Gb/s
◉ Binary Morphology (Image processing).
Answer: -extract and and alter the structure of particles in a binary
image
-functions that remove unwanted info caused by the thresholding
--noise particles
--particles touching the border of an image
--particles touching each other
--particles with uneven borders
◉ Spatial Noise.
Answer: -"fixed pattern noise"
-constant non-uniformities in the image caused by bad sensor
design, electrical noise, ect.
◉ Spatial Filtering (Image processing).
Answer: -examples: linear highpass, linear lowpass, non-linear
highpass, non-linear lowpass
-technique is used directly on pixels of the image
-averaging pixels and changing them, ranking pixels and changing
them
, ◉ Frequency Domian Filtering (Image processing).
Answer: -used for smoothing and sharpening of image by removal of
high or low frequency components
-all filtering that can be done in spatial filtering can also be done in
frequency domain
◉ PMAG.
Answer: -primary magnification
-ratio between the sensor size and the FOV
◉ Thresholding (Image processing).
Answer: -converts each pixel in an image to 0 or 1 accoring to the
value of the original pixel
-helps extract significant structures in an image
◉ Required Resolution Calculation.
Answer: -image pixel size = FOV/pixel count
◉ spatial calibration (Image processing).
Answer: -corrects for lens and perspective distortion
-allows the user to take real-world measurements from image based
on pixel locations
