HESI
Dental Hygiene Scientific Bases Version 2 |
Practice Questions & Answers | Exam Prep
Study Guide
FEATURES
✓ HESI Dental Hygiene Scientific Bases V2
✓ Dental Hygiene Exam Preparation
✓ Practice Questions & Answers
✓ Detailed Rationale
, HESI Dental Hygiene Scientific Bases
Version 2 | Practice Questions & Answers |
Exam Prep Study Guide
Question 1
Which is NOT visible on the floor of the mouth?
A. Wharton's duct
B. Sublingual caruncle
C. Stensen's duct
D. Lingual frenum
Correct Answer: C. Stensen's duct
Rationale: Stensen's duct is the parotid gland duct and opens into the
oral cavity at the buccal mucosa opposite the maxillary second molar. It
is NOT visible on the floor of the mouth. Wharton's duct
(submandibular gland duct), sublingual caruncle, and lingual frenum are
all structures visible on the floor of the mouth.
Question 2
,Which molecules make up the disaccharide maltose?
A. Glucose and galactose
B. Glucose and fructose
C. Fructose and galactose
D. Two glucose molecules
Correct Answer: D. Two glucose molecules
Rationale: Maltose is a disaccharide composed of two glucose
molecules linked by an α-1,4 glycosidic bond. It is produced during the
digestion of starch. Lactose = glucose + galactose; Sucrose = glucose +
fructose.
Question 3
Which alternative sweetener is nutritive?
A. Xylitol
B. Saccharin
C. Sucralose
D. Acesulfame-K
Correct Answer: A. Xylitol
, Rationale: Xylitol is a nutritive sweetener (sugar alcohol) that provides
approximately 2.4 calories per gram. It is also non-cariogenic and has
anti-caries properties. Saccharin, sucralose, and acesulfame-K are non-
nutritive (artificial) sweeteners that provide no calories.
Question 4
Which fatty acids decrease serum cholesterol levels?
A. Monounsaturated
B. Polyunsaturated
C. Saturated
D. Triglycerides
Correct Answer: B. Polyunsaturated
Rationale: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly omega-3
and omega-6 fatty acids, have been shown to decrease serum
cholesterol levels, especially LDL cholesterol. Saturated fats tend to
increase cholesterol levels. Monounsaturated fats are heart-healthy but
have less cholesterol-lowering effect than polyunsaturated fats.
Question 5
Which fat-soluble vitamin prevents night blindness?
Dental Hygiene Scientific Bases Version 2 |
Practice Questions & Answers | Exam Prep
Study Guide
FEATURES
✓ HESI Dental Hygiene Scientific Bases V2
✓ Dental Hygiene Exam Preparation
✓ Practice Questions & Answers
✓ Detailed Rationale
, HESI Dental Hygiene Scientific Bases
Version 2 | Practice Questions & Answers |
Exam Prep Study Guide
Question 1
Which is NOT visible on the floor of the mouth?
A. Wharton's duct
B. Sublingual caruncle
C. Stensen's duct
D. Lingual frenum
Correct Answer: C. Stensen's duct
Rationale: Stensen's duct is the parotid gland duct and opens into the
oral cavity at the buccal mucosa opposite the maxillary second molar. It
is NOT visible on the floor of the mouth. Wharton's duct
(submandibular gland duct), sublingual caruncle, and lingual frenum are
all structures visible on the floor of the mouth.
Question 2
,Which molecules make up the disaccharide maltose?
A. Glucose and galactose
B. Glucose and fructose
C. Fructose and galactose
D. Two glucose molecules
Correct Answer: D. Two glucose molecules
Rationale: Maltose is a disaccharide composed of two glucose
molecules linked by an α-1,4 glycosidic bond. It is produced during the
digestion of starch. Lactose = glucose + galactose; Sucrose = glucose +
fructose.
Question 3
Which alternative sweetener is nutritive?
A. Xylitol
B. Saccharin
C. Sucralose
D. Acesulfame-K
Correct Answer: A. Xylitol
, Rationale: Xylitol is a nutritive sweetener (sugar alcohol) that provides
approximately 2.4 calories per gram. It is also non-cariogenic and has
anti-caries properties. Saccharin, sucralose, and acesulfame-K are non-
nutritive (artificial) sweeteners that provide no calories.
Question 4
Which fatty acids decrease serum cholesterol levels?
A. Monounsaturated
B. Polyunsaturated
C. Saturated
D. Triglycerides
Correct Answer: B. Polyunsaturated
Rationale: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly omega-3
and omega-6 fatty acids, have been shown to decrease serum
cholesterol levels, especially LDL cholesterol. Saturated fats tend to
increase cholesterol levels. Monounsaturated fats are heart-healthy but
have less cholesterol-lowering effect than polyunsaturated fats.
Question 5
Which fat-soluble vitamin prevents night blindness?
