Week 5: The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Questions with
Correct Answers (Grade A+)
Question 1: How is volume of blood regulat- ed if BP falls? (3)
Answer: 1. When BP falls, baroreceptors are activated in major blood vessels and heart. 2. They increase
sympathetic outflow from CNS, raising blood pressure (min-by-min response). 3. Long-term BP restoration
is determined by kidney (takes 24-48 hours).
Question 2: What are the main functions of 2. the kidney?
Answer: 1. Regulate pH (with H+ and HCO^3-. Remove metabolic waste products. 3. Produce hormones
(eg. erythropoeitin). 4. Salt conc regulation. 5. Osmotic regulation. etc.
Question 3: How do the kid- neys show good autoregulation?
Answer: Blood flow stays constant over wide range of arterial pressures.
Question 4: How much of the plasma entering glomerulus is fil- tered and how much isn't?
Answer: 20% is filtered, and 80% isn't so leaves through etterent arteriole.
Question 5: What is the juxta- glomerular appa- ratus?
Answer: Helps to control the GFR (salt/fluid balance) by changing renal arteriole resistance with special
cells - granular cells and macula densa (cells of ascending limb). They release the hormone renin when
volume is low.
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Correct Answers (Grade A+)
Question 1: How is volume of blood regulat- ed if BP falls? (3)
Answer: 1. When BP falls, baroreceptors are activated in major blood vessels and heart. 2. They increase
sympathetic outflow from CNS, raising blood pressure (min-by-min response). 3. Long-term BP restoration
is determined by kidney (takes 24-48 hours).
Question 2: What are the main functions of 2. the kidney?
Answer: 1. Regulate pH (with H+ and HCO^3-. Remove metabolic waste products. 3. Produce hormones
(eg. erythropoeitin). 4. Salt conc regulation. 5. Osmotic regulation. etc.
Question 3: How do the kid- neys show good autoregulation?
Answer: Blood flow stays constant over wide range of arterial pressures.
Question 4: How much of the plasma entering glomerulus is fil- tered and how much isn't?
Answer: 20% is filtered, and 80% isn't so leaves through etterent arteriole.
Question 5: What is the juxta- glomerular appa- ratus?
Answer: Helps to control the GFR (salt/fluid balance) by changing renal arteriole resistance with special
cells - granular cells and macula densa (cells of ascending limb). They release the hormone renin when
volume is low.
Page 1