NURS 370 Exam 4 Questions with Correct Answers (Grade A+)
Question 1: Parenteral Nutrition (PN)
Answer: Method of providing nutrients to the body by a peripheral or central IV route
Question 2: Parenteral Nutrition (what are goals)
Answer: -Improve nutritional status -Establish a positive nitrogen balance -Maintain muscle mass -Promote
weight maintenance or gain -Support the healing process
Question 3: Parenteral Nutrition (what should one be monitoring)
Answer: -Glucose levels -Lab results (CBC, platelet count, & chemistry panel; serum CO2, magnesium,
phosphorus, triglycerides, & prealbumin; 24 hour urine nitrogen) -Response to therapy -Weight -I&O
-Respiratory status if fluid overload -Infection
Question 4: Enteral Feedings (why use them)
Answer: To meet nutritional requirements when oral intake is inadequate or not possible & the GI tract is
functioning normally
Question 5: Enteral Feedings (types)
Answer: -NG: Nasogastric tube, nose to stomach -Orogastric Tube: mouth to stomach -Postpyloric Tube:
mouth or nose to duodenal or jejunal -PEG: through abdomen into stomach
Question 6: Enteral Feedings (interventions/assessments )
Answer: -Assess the pt before tube placement -Preparing the pt -Inserting the tube (Fowler position)
-Confirming placement -Securing the tube -Monitoring the pt & maintaining tube function -Administering
meds -Unclogging tubes -Providing oral & nasal hygiene -Monitoring & managing potential complications
-Removing the tube -Unclogging the tube -Prevention of aspiration
Question 7: High Calorie High Protein Diet
Answer: -Meat, fish, and poultry -Milk & milk products. Add powdered milk to other foods (such as
pudding or soups) to boost the protein -Eggs -Cooked dried beans & peas -Peanut butter, nuts, & seeds
-Tofu -Cheeses -Protein bars
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, Question 8: Oral Cancers (risk factors)
Answer: -Alcohol use -Tobacco use -More common in men than women (but becoming more equal) -More
common in African Americans than Caucasians -Sun & wind exposure -Smoked meat ingestion -Dietary
deficiencies
Question 9: Oral Cancers (complications)
Answer: -As it progresses they develop difficulty chewing, swallowing, and enlarged cervical lymph nodes
-Frequently metastasizes to the lymphatic system, necessitating neck dissection surgery
Question 10: Hiatal Hernia
Answer: The opening in the diaphragm through which the esophagus passes becomes enlarged, & part of
the upper stomach tends to move up into the lower portion of the thorax
Question 11: Sliding Hiatal Hernia
Answer: Occurs when the upper stomach & the gastroesophageal junction are displaced upward & slide in
& out of the thorax
Question 12: Sliding Hiatal Hernia (complications)
Answer: -Severe GERD -Lung problems or pneumonia -Torsion (twisting) of the stomach that can lead to
restriction of blood flow to the area
Question 13: Hiatal Hernia (lifestyle modifications)
Answer: -Frequent small feedings -Do not decline for 1 hour after eating -Elevate head of the bed on 4-8
inch blocks to prevent hernia from sliding upward
Question 14: GERD
Answer: Back flow of gastric or duodenal contents into the esophagus
Question 15: GERD (risk factors)
Answer: -Obesity -Hiatal hernia -Pregnancy -Connective tissue disorders, such as scleroderma -Delayed
stomach emptying
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Question 1: Parenteral Nutrition (PN)
Answer: Method of providing nutrients to the body by a peripheral or central IV route
Question 2: Parenteral Nutrition (what are goals)
Answer: -Improve nutritional status -Establish a positive nitrogen balance -Maintain muscle mass -Promote
weight maintenance or gain -Support the healing process
Question 3: Parenteral Nutrition (what should one be monitoring)
Answer: -Glucose levels -Lab results (CBC, platelet count, & chemistry panel; serum CO2, magnesium,
phosphorus, triglycerides, & prealbumin; 24 hour urine nitrogen) -Response to therapy -Weight -I&O
-Respiratory status if fluid overload -Infection
Question 4: Enteral Feedings (why use them)
Answer: To meet nutritional requirements when oral intake is inadequate or not possible & the GI tract is
functioning normally
Question 5: Enteral Feedings (types)
Answer: -NG: Nasogastric tube, nose to stomach -Orogastric Tube: mouth to stomach -Postpyloric Tube:
mouth or nose to duodenal or jejunal -PEG: through abdomen into stomach
Question 6: Enteral Feedings (interventions/assessments )
Answer: -Assess the pt before tube placement -Preparing the pt -Inserting the tube (Fowler position)
-Confirming placement -Securing the tube -Monitoring the pt & maintaining tube function -Administering
meds -Unclogging tubes -Providing oral & nasal hygiene -Monitoring & managing potential complications
-Removing the tube -Unclogging the tube -Prevention of aspiration
Question 7: High Calorie High Protein Diet
Answer: -Meat, fish, and poultry -Milk & milk products. Add powdered milk to other foods (such as
pudding or soups) to boost the protein -Eggs -Cooked dried beans & peas -Peanut butter, nuts, & seeds
-Tofu -Cheeses -Protein bars
Page 1
, Question 8: Oral Cancers (risk factors)
Answer: -Alcohol use -Tobacco use -More common in men than women (but becoming more equal) -More
common in African Americans than Caucasians -Sun & wind exposure -Smoked meat ingestion -Dietary
deficiencies
Question 9: Oral Cancers (complications)
Answer: -As it progresses they develop difficulty chewing, swallowing, and enlarged cervical lymph nodes
-Frequently metastasizes to the lymphatic system, necessitating neck dissection surgery
Question 10: Hiatal Hernia
Answer: The opening in the diaphragm through which the esophagus passes becomes enlarged, & part of
the upper stomach tends to move up into the lower portion of the thorax
Question 11: Sliding Hiatal Hernia
Answer: Occurs when the upper stomach & the gastroesophageal junction are displaced upward & slide in
& out of the thorax
Question 12: Sliding Hiatal Hernia (complications)
Answer: -Severe GERD -Lung problems or pneumonia -Torsion (twisting) of the stomach that can lead to
restriction of blood flow to the area
Question 13: Hiatal Hernia (lifestyle modifications)
Answer: -Frequent small feedings -Do not decline for 1 hour after eating -Elevate head of the bed on 4-8
inch blocks to prevent hernia from sliding upward
Question 14: GERD
Answer: Back flow of gastric or duodenal contents into the esophagus
Question 15: GERD (risk factors)
Answer: -Obesity -Hiatal hernia -Pregnancy -Connective tissue disorders, such as scleroderma -Delayed
stomach emptying
Page 2
