NORTH AMERICAN VETERINARY LICENSING EXAMINATION
(NAVLE) | 2026/2027 LATEST UPDATED VERSION | QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS | GRADED A+
IBR- infectious bovine rhinotrahetitis also known as ____
shows ____ signs with ____ on conjuinctiva/nasal epithelium and ____ -
ANSWER
bovine herpesvirus type 1
upper respiratory signs
white plaques
ABORTIONS
bovine papilloma virus is treated with ___ because ___. common cause of ____ on tip of penis. Once
surgically removed bull can resume breeding in ___ days -
ANSWER
autogenous vaccine because commerical vaccines are not effective
fibropapullomas/wart on tip of penis
90 days
bovine leukosis is a __virus also known as ____or ____. You will see lymphoma indicated by
Lympahadenopathy, weight loss and __ production. For definitive diagnosis you want to ___ -
ANSWER
lentevivrus
bovine leukemia (BLV) or leukosis virus
decrease production
biopsy LN
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is a ____virus. Clinical signs include labored brething,
depression, nasal/ocular discharge and a ____ cough. You will hear crackles throughout lung fileds
indicating ____. Treatment? -
ANSWER
Paramyxovirus
honking cough
,pulmonary edema/emphysema
supportive, antibiotics
Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is a ___virus. It is maintained in herd via _____ that were infected as
____. It is passed on day ___-___ of gestation as a non-cytopathic BVD. Congenital disorders seen are
___,___,___. BVD adheres to ___ causing a ____. You want to give a blood transfusion with ____
blood. With chronic and severe BVD you can see ___disease. clinical signs include ___ulcerations on
____. -
ANSWER
flavivirus
persistently infected carriers
fetuses
microphthalmia, cerebellar hypoplasia, hyDRANcephaly
thrombocytes
fresh whole blod
mucosal disease
oral ulcerations on dental pad
Pseudocowpox is a ___ virus. There are 3 types of this virus which are __,___,__ and are ALL
ZOONOTIC. Pseudocowpox shows a ____ lesion. What other diseases can see this lesion? -
ANSWER
parapox
pseudocowpox, contagious ecthyma, bovine papular stomatitis
proliferative teat lesions
pseudocowpox,vesicular stomatitis,bluetongue
Bovine papular stomatitis is a ___ virus. Clinical signs show small raised lesions in ___ around ____/
on ____. what other diseases can see this lesion? BPS can be fatal to calf, it is called a ____ disease -
ANSWER
parapoxvirus
vesicular stomatitis, BVD,BPS, FMD
calfhood disease
, bovine winter dysentery is a ___virus. Signs that will key you into this disease is ____ diarrhea, ____
blood, during ____ -
ANSWER
coronoavirus
explosive watery diarrhea
clotted dark blood
winter
Actinomyces bovis is also called ____ and is gram ___. It causes a decrease in milk production,
weight loss and hard ____ welling on mandible. Treatment? -
ANSWER
lumpy jaw
gram +
non-painful swelling
sodium iodide(arrest lesions)--> CULL
Actinobacilus lignieresii is also called ___ and is a gram ___. It is a normal inhabitant of
mouth/rumen that causes ______ of tongue. Treatment include what 3 things? -
ANSWER
woody tongue
gram negative
granulomatous inflammation
change feed, IV Na iodide and tetracycline
Fusobacterium necrophorum is seen in ____ also known as _____. Will cause death if not treated.
Signs that lead you to suspect fusobacterium necrophorum is ___ and ____ -
ANSWER
3-18 months
calf diptheria
elicit cough and pain on palpation of larynx and increase stridor
severe inspiratory dyspnea
(NAVLE) | 2026/2027 LATEST UPDATED VERSION | QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS | GRADED A+
IBR- infectious bovine rhinotrahetitis also known as ____
shows ____ signs with ____ on conjuinctiva/nasal epithelium and ____ -
ANSWER
bovine herpesvirus type 1
upper respiratory signs
white plaques
ABORTIONS
bovine papilloma virus is treated with ___ because ___. common cause of ____ on tip of penis. Once
surgically removed bull can resume breeding in ___ days -
ANSWER
autogenous vaccine because commerical vaccines are not effective
fibropapullomas/wart on tip of penis
90 days
bovine leukosis is a __virus also known as ____or ____. You will see lymphoma indicated by
Lympahadenopathy, weight loss and __ production. For definitive diagnosis you want to ___ -
ANSWER
lentevivrus
bovine leukemia (BLV) or leukosis virus
decrease production
biopsy LN
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is a ____virus. Clinical signs include labored brething,
depression, nasal/ocular discharge and a ____ cough. You will hear crackles throughout lung fileds
indicating ____. Treatment? -
ANSWER
Paramyxovirus
honking cough
,pulmonary edema/emphysema
supportive, antibiotics
Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is a ___virus. It is maintained in herd via _____ that were infected as
____. It is passed on day ___-___ of gestation as a non-cytopathic BVD. Congenital disorders seen are
___,___,___. BVD adheres to ___ causing a ____. You want to give a blood transfusion with ____
blood. With chronic and severe BVD you can see ___disease. clinical signs include ___ulcerations on
____. -
ANSWER
flavivirus
persistently infected carriers
fetuses
microphthalmia, cerebellar hypoplasia, hyDRANcephaly
thrombocytes
fresh whole blod
mucosal disease
oral ulcerations on dental pad
Pseudocowpox is a ___ virus. There are 3 types of this virus which are __,___,__ and are ALL
ZOONOTIC. Pseudocowpox shows a ____ lesion. What other diseases can see this lesion? -
ANSWER
parapox
pseudocowpox, contagious ecthyma, bovine papular stomatitis
proliferative teat lesions
pseudocowpox,vesicular stomatitis,bluetongue
Bovine papular stomatitis is a ___ virus. Clinical signs show small raised lesions in ___ around ____/
on ____. what other diseases can see this lesion? BPS can be fatal to calf, it is called a ____ disease -
ANSWER
parapoxvirus
vesicular stomatitis, BVD,BPS, FMD
calfhood disease
, bovine winter dysentery is a ___virus. Signs that will key you into this disease is ____ diarrhea, ____
blood, during ____ -
ANSWER
coronoavirus
explosive watery diarrhea
clotted dark blood
winter
Actinomyces bovis is also called ____ and is gram ___. It causes a decrease in milk production,
weight loss and hard ____ welling on mandible. Treatment? -
ANSWER
lumpy jaw
gram +
non-painful swelling
sodium iodide(arrest lesions)--> CULL
Actinobacilus lignieresii is also called ___ and is a gram ___. It is a normal inhabitant of
mouth/rumen that causes ______ of tongue. Treatment include what 3 things? -
ANSWER
woody tongue
gram negative
granulomatous inflammation
change feed, IV Na iodide and tetracycline
Fusobacterium necrophorum is seen in ____ also known as _____. Will cause death if not treated.
Signs that lead you to suspect fusobacterium necrophorum is ___ and ____ -
ANSWER
3-18 months
calf diptheria
elicit cough and pain on palpation of larynx and increase stridor
severe inspiratory dyspnea
