NU553 MIDTERM EXAM REVIEW 2026/2027 | HIGH-YIELD NURSING
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS | EXAM-STYLE PRACTICE | COMPLETE STUDY
GUIDE | CORRECT ANSWERS
1. Fluticasone (Flovent HFA) and Budesonide (Pulmocort) belong to which drug
type?
bronchodilators
mast cell stabilizers
antimicrobials
corticosteroids
2. Which vitamin supplement is known to reduce the risk of neural tube defects
during pregnancy?
Folic acid
Vitamin D
Iron
Calcium
3. Describe the significance of maintaining an INR within the recommended
range for patients who have undergone heart valve surgery.
The INR level is irrelevant for patients after heart valve surgery.
An INR below the recommended range is safe for all patients.
An INR above the recommended range ensures better blood flow
through the heart.
Maintaining an INR within the recommended range helps prevent
thromboembolic events while minimizing the risk of bleeding.
4. Describe how cyclosporine can affect kidney function in patients.
, Cyclosporine has no effect on kidney function.
Cyclosporine only affects liver function, not kidneys.
Cyclosporine enhances kidney function by increasing urine output.
Cyclosporine can lead to nephrotoxicity, which impairs kidney
function and may result in elevated serum creatinine levels.
5. Describe the rationale behind using antibiotic ointment for treating eyelid
infections.
Oral analgesics are prescribed for chronic pain management.
Steroid cream is used to relieve pain and discomfort.
Antibiotic ointment is used to eliminate bacterial infections and
promote healing.
Antihistamines reduce inflammation caused by allergies.
6. What is the primary indication for prescribing oral tetracycline?
Asthma relief
Diabetes control
Hypertension management
Acne treatment
7. Describe the significance of the embryonic period in relation to drug
exposure and fetal development.
Drug exposure has no impact on fetal development.
The fetal period is when the fetus is most sensitive to drug exposure.
The embryonic period is less significant as the fetus is not yet formed.
, The embryonic period is critical because major organ systems are
developing, making the fetus particularly sensitive to teratogenic
effects of drugs.
8. If a patient continues to experience symptoms of rhinitis after using
fluticasone, what alternative treatment might be considered next?
Increasing the dose of fluticasone
Switching to a different corticosteroid
Prescribing a nasal decongestant only
Adding an oral antihistamine
9. Describe the rationale behind a pharmacist's decision to switch a prescription
from pravastatin to lovastatin.
The pharmacist changes medications to comply with hospital policies
only.
The pharmacist switches medications to reduce costs without
considering patient needs.
The pharmacist does not consider the patient's medical history when
switching medications.
The pharmacist may switch medications to achieve better efficacy,
manage side effects, or address patient-specific factors.
10. Discuss the considerations a healthcare provider must take into account
before prescribing isotretinoin.
Healthcare providers only need to check the patient's age.
Healthcare providers should only focus on the patient's insurance
coverage.
, Healthcare providers must consider the patient's medical history,
potential side effects, and the need for monitoring during
treatment.
Healthcare providers can prescribe isotretinoin without any prior
assessment.
11. What term is used to describe the study of a limited number of gene
variations in pharmacogenetics?
Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacogenomics
Pharmacotherapy
Pharmacokinetics
12. Which antidepressant is specifically approved for pediatric patients?
Fluoxetine
Sertraline
Escitalopram
Citalopram
13. If a patient presents with impetigo, which treatment would be most
appropriate considering the common pathogen involved?
Topical antibiotics such as mupirocin
Intravenous antifungal therapy
Oral corticosteroids
Oral antiviral medications
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS | EXAM-STYLE PRACTICE | COMPLETE STUDY
GUIDE | CORRECT ANSWERS
1. Fluticasone (Flovent HFA) and Budesonide (Pulmocort) belong to which drug
type?
bronchodilators
mast cell stabilizers
antimicrobials
corticosteroids
2. Which vitamin supplement is known to reduce the risk of neural tube defects
during pregnancy?
Folic acid
Vitamin D
Iron
Calcium
3. Describe the significance of maintaining an INR within the recommended
range for patients who have undergone heart valve surgery.
The INR level is irrelevant for patients after heart valve surgery.
An INR below the recommended range is safe for all patients.
An INR above the recommended range ensures better blood flow
through the heart.
Maintaining an INR within the recommended range helps prevent
thromboembolic events while minimizing the risk of bleeding.
4. Describe how cyclosporine can affect kidney function in patients.
, Cyclosporine has no effect on kidney function.
Cyclosporine only affects liver function, not kidneys.
Cyclosporine enhances kidney function by increasing urine output.
Cyclosporine can lead to nephrotoxicity, which impairs kidney
function and may result in elevated serum creatinine levels.
5. Describe the rationale behind using antibiotic ointment for treating eyelid
infections.
Oral analgesics are prescribed for chronic pain management.
Steroid cream is used to relieve pain and discomfort.
Antibiotic ointment is used to eliminate bacterial infections and
promote healing.
Antihistamines reduce inflammation caused by allergies.
6. What is the primary indication for prescribing oral tetracycline?
Asthma relief
Diabetes control
Hypertension management
Acne treatment
7. Describe the significance of the embryonic period in relation to drug
exposure and fetal development.
Drug exposure has no impact on fetal development.
The fetal period is when the fetus is most sensitive to drug exposure.
The embryonic period is less significant as the fetus is not yet formed.
, The embryonic period is critical because major organ systems are
developing, making the fetus particularly sensitive to teratogenic
effects of drugs.
8. If a patient continues to experience symptoms of rhinitis after using
fluticasone, what alternative treatment might be considered next?
Increasing the dose of fluticasone
Switching to a different corticosteroid
Prescribing a nasal decongestant only
Adding an oral antihistamine
9. Describe the rationale behind a pharmacist's decision to switch a prescription
from pravastatin to lovastatin.
The pharmacist changes medications to comply with hospital policies
only.
The pharmacist switches medications to reduce costs without
considering patient needs.
The pharmacist does not consider the patient's medical history when
switching medications.
The pharmacist may switch medications to achieve better efficacy,
manage side effects, or address patient-specific factors.
10. Discuss the considerations a healthcare provider must take into account
before prescribing isotretinoin.
Healthcare providers only need to check the patient's age.
Healthcare providers should only focus on the patient's insurance
coverage.
, Healthcare providers must consider the patient's medical history,
potential side effects, and the need for monitoring during
treatment.
Healthcare providers can prescribe isotretinoin without any prior
assessment.
11. What term is used to describe the study of a limited number of gene
variations in pharmacogenetics?
Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacogenomics
Pharmacotherapy
Pharmacokinetics
12. Which antidepressant is specifically approved for pediatric patients?
Fluoxetine
Sertraline
Escitalopram
Citalopram
13. If a patient presents with impetigo, which treatment would be most
appropriate considering the common pathogen involved?
Topical antibiotics such as mupirocin
Intravenous antifungal therapy
Oral corticosteroids
Oral antiviral medications
