NR 547 Week 6 SI review Questions with Verified Answers
(Correct Update)
Question 1: Genetics AD
Answer: Genes play a strong roleheritability of 58-79% for late onset and over 90% for early onset
Question 2: WHAT ARE THE TWO HALLMARKS OF AD?
Answer: amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles -•Responsible for issues with memory and
higher-level thinking
Question 3: Neural networks AD
Answer: Damage to synapses, mitochondrial abnormalities, and inflammatory processes cause NTM
failure and neuronal death
Question 4: NTM responsible for memory and learning
Answer: ACh
Question 5: Does AD lead to an increase or decrease in this NTM activity
Answer: Leads to a decrease in NTM activity
Question 6: Decreased ACh leads to
Answer: a permanent loss of cholinergic neurons= this causes short term memory dysfunction
Question 7: Cholinesterase inhibitors examples
Answer: Donepezil Rivastigmine Galantamine
Question 8: Cholinesterase inhibitors
Answer: alleviate symptoms, do not stop progression Increase levels of ACH Improves cognition which
improves memory and thinking
Question 9: Donepezil (Aricept)
Answer: inhibits centrally active ACH• Higher doses cause higher incidence of adverse ettects
Question 10: Cholinesterase inhibitors - What happens when added to CYP2D6 or 3A4?
Answer: possibility of peripheral side ettects
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, Question 11: •Rivastigmine (Exelon)
Answer: increases eflcacy of both acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase Medications that
reduce or inhibit CYP450 metabolism will not attect rivastigmine metabolism
Question 12: Galantamine (Razadyne, Razadyne ER)
Answer: elevates ACH in the cerebral cortex to increase Ach release from existing presynaptic nerve
terminals. Also increases Glu and 5HT Cannot be used concurrently with NSAIDS or medications that
slow or decrease HR.
Question 13: Memantine N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonist
Answer: • NMDA receptor antagonist
• Only approved medication to manage moderatesevere AD
• Works by preventing glutamate binding at the receptor site and regulates how much calcium enters the
nerve cell
• Blocking NMDA receptors protects neurons from the ettects of too much Glu
Question 14: Memantine considerations
Answer: •Cannot be used with amantadine, rimantadine, ketamine, or dextromethorphan
• Used as a monotherapy or in conjunction with ChEIs, if so, Patient is at increased risk of fallsfall
precautions are required, and driving is not allowed d/t delayed reactions
Question 15: Aducanumab - anti amyloid
Answer: clinical trial, acts by binding to and reducing amyloid-beta plaque in the brain.
Question 16: Grandma Doesn't Remember MEMAN
Answer: Galantamine, Donepezil, Rivastigmine, Memantine
Question 17: Patients who take meds can reverse AD
Answer: False - AD cannot be reversed. Medication is used to alleviate symptoms and delay progression
Question 18: clozapine is a first line tx for behavioral sympfalse toms in AD
Answer: - these are not used first line because they increase the risk of mortality and cardiovascular SE.
SSRIs and SNRIs are used first line
Question 19: Galantamine - cholinesterase inhibitors pregcholinesterase nancy
Answer: inhibitors are not recommended for pregnancy or breastfeeding
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(Correct Update)
Question 1: Genetics AD
Answer: Genes play a strong roleheritability of 58-79% for late onset and over 90% for early onset
Question 2: WHAT ARE THE TWO HALLMARKS OF AD?
Answer: amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles -•Responsible for issues with memory and
higher-level thinking
Question 3: Neural networks AD
Answer: Damage to synapses, mitochondrial abnormalities, and inflammatory processes cause NTM
failure and neuronal death
Question 4: NTM responsible for memory and learning
Answer: ACh
Question 5: Does AD lead to an increase or decrease in this NTM activity
Answer: Leads to a decrease in NTM activity
Question 6: Decreased ACh leads to
Answer: a permanent loss of cholinergic neurons= this causes short term memory dysfunction
Question 7: Cholinesterase inhibitors examples
Answer: Donepezil Rivastigmine Galantamine
Question 8: Cholinesterase inhibitors
Answer: alleviate symptoms, do not stop progression Increase levels of ACH Improves cognition which
improves memory and thinking
Question 9: Donepezil (Aricept)
Answer: inhibits centrally active ACH• Higher doses cause higher incidence of adverse ettects
Question 10: Cholinesterase inhibitors - What happens when added to CYP2D6 or 3A4?
Answer: possibility of peripheral side ettects
Page 1
, Question 11: •Rivastigmine (Exelon)
Answer: increases eflcacy of both acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase Medications that
reduce or inhibit CYP450 metabolism will not attect rivastigmine metabolism
Question 12: Galantamine (Razadyne, Razadyne ER)
Answer: elevates ACH in the cerebral cortex to increase Ach release from existing presynaptic nerve
terminals. Also increases Glu and 5HT Cannot be used concurrently with NSAIDS or medications that
slow or decrease HR.
Question 13: Memantine N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonist
Answer: • NMDA receptor antagonist
• Only approved medication to manage moderatesevere AD
• Works by preventing glutamate binding at the receptor site and regulates how much calcium enters the
nerve cell
• Blocking NMDA receptors protects neurons from the ettects of too much Glu
Question 14: Memantine considerations
Answer: •Cannot be used with amantadine, rimantadine, ketamine, or dextromethorphan
• Used as a monotherapy or in conjunction with ChEIs, if so, Patient is at increased risk of fallsfall
precautions are required, and driving is not allowed d/t delayed reactions
Question 15: Aducanumab - anti amyloid
Answer: clinical trial, acts by binding to and reducing amyloid-beta plaque in the brain.
Question 16: Grandma Doesn't Remember MEMAN
Answer: Galantamine, Donepezil, Rivastigmine, Memantine
Question 17: Patients who take meds can reverse AD
Answer: False - AD cannot be reversed. Medication is used to alleviate symptoms and delay progression
Question 18: clozapine is a first line tx for behavioral sympfalse toms in AD
Answer: - these are not used first line because they increase the risk of mortality and cardiovascular SE.
SSRIs and SNRIs are used first line
Question 19: Galantamine - cholinesterase inhibitors pregcholinesterase nancy
Answer: inhibitors are not recommended for pregnancy or breastfeeding
Page 2
