INBDE -Pharmacology (high yield) Final
Exam with All Rationales 2026-2027
Updated.
Propranolol - Answer Adrenergic Antagonist
beta-Antagonist - Non-selective
Blocks beta1 and beta2 receptors
- slows down heart rate, increases peripheral resistance
*careful with diabetics because can cause hypoglycemia and contraindicated in asthmatics due
to bronchoconstriction
Used for hypertension, hyperthryroidism, angina pectoris, afib, myocardial infarction, anxiety,
tremors
Tooth that is most often transposed - Answer Maxillary canine
How many hours should you not eat before general anesthesia - Answer 6 hours
What is the dose for Doxycycline SDD?
20 mg twice daily for 3-9 months - Answer
What does Neostigmine do?
Tx for myasthenia gravis / reversible / inhibits activity of cholinesterase - Answer
After the tell-show-do what is the next management strategy - Answer Distraction
Child suffered trauma - what is the first question you ask the parent
A. "Did the child lose consciousness?"
B. "Do you have the teeth?"
C. "When did the child last eat?"
D. "When did the injury occur?" - Answer A. "Did the child lose consciousness?"
,Reimplantation is desired. What is the best way to protect permanent teeth after avulsion?
A. Place back into the sockets
B. Place under the tongue
C. Put in a cup of milk
D. Wrap in a wet napkin - Answer A. Place back into the sockets
What is the mechanism of amphotericin B
- Binding to ergosterol to create pores in fungal cell membrane
- Inhibiting folate synthesis and other functions through production of free radicals
- Binding ribosome subunits to prevent protein synthesis
- Neutralizing spores to prevent fungal reproduction - Answer Binding to ergosterol to create
pores in fungal cell membrane
This describes how far an impression tray should extend posteriorly when making a maxillary
impression for diagnostic casts
- to the uvula
- to the pterygomaxillary notches
- to the fovea palatinae
- slightly beyond tuberosity
- beyond vibrating line - Answer Beyond vibrating line
The most common cause of HPV is
- trauma
- smoking
- alcohol consumption
- autoinoculation - Answer autoinoculation
Sealants are polymerized by what material
- camphorquinone
- polymethylmethacrylate
- free radicals
- Bis-GMA - Answer Free radicals
Addition of filler particles improves the following except
- Reduces coefficient of thermal expansion
,- Reduces polymerization shrinkage
- Better resistance to wear
- Better esthetics and polishability - Answer - Better esthetics and polishability
The amount of penetration by xray beams is most likely associated with
- kVp
- mA
- focal film distance
- exposure time - Answer kVp - amount of kVp affects the intensity and degree of penetration
of the beam
Increasing the kVp increases the energy of xrays therefore the penetration of the beam
Which term for erosion on the lingual surfaces of teeth as result of acidic stomach contents
hydrolysis
dysphagia
xerostomia
perimylolysis - Answer perimylolysis
All of pathogen groups commonly present in cases of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis diseases
except for one
- prevotella
- haemophilus
- fusobacteria
- spirochetes - Answer - haemophilus = gram - bacteria that cause pneuomonia, bacteremia,
and meningitis
Which of the following medications matches the description of which is least likely to cause
sedation?
- diphenhydramine
- fexofenadine
- hydroxyzine
- famotidine - Answer Fexofenadine - second generation antihistamine that is selective to H1
and is unable to enter nervous system like diphenhydramine and hydroxyzine
What nerve passes between the medial pterygoid and the ramus of the mandible
, Lingual
Buccal
Auricotemporal
Facial - Answer Lingual
What action must be demonstrated by an antimicrobial agent to prove clinical effectiveness for
ADA approval
- Effectiveness as bactericidal agent against gram -
- Effectiveness as bactericidal agent against gram +
- Reduction in gross plaque mass
- Reduction in disease - Answer - Reduction in disease
What are the three core functions of public health
- Policy development, monitoring, and assurance
- Assessment, policy development, and monitoring
- Assessment, policy development and evaluation
- Assessment, policy development, and assurance - Answer - Assessment, policy development,
and assurance
Which ADHD medication has a mechanism of action that is not stimulating?
Disadexamfetamine
Dexymethylphenidate
Guanfacine
Dextroamphetamine - Answer Guanfacine
- anything that ends with "etamine or pehnidate" is a stimulant
Which rate would a researcher divide the number of disease cases by the total number of
people
Prevalence
Specificity
Incidence
Odds ratio - Answer Prevalence
The bet way to produce a radiographic image with low contrast is by doing what
- increasing kVp
- Decreasing the filtration
Exam with All Rationales 2026-2027
Updated.
Propranolol - Answer Adrenergic Antagonist
beta-Antagonist - Non-selective
Blocks beta1 and beta2 receptors
- slows down heart rate, increases peripheral resistance
*careful with diabetics because can cause hypoglycemia and contraindicated in asthmatics due
to bronchoconstriction
Used for hypertension, hyperthryroidism, angina pectoris, afib, myocardial infarction, anxiety,
tremors
Tooth that is most often transposed - Answer Maxillary canine
How many hours should you not eat before general anesthesia - Answer 6 hours
What is the dose for Doxycycline SDD?
20 mg twice daily for 3-9 months - Answer
What does Neostigmine do?
Tx for myasthenia gravis / reversible / inhibits activity of cholinesterase - Answer
After the tell-show-do what is the next management strategy - Answer Distraction
Child suffered trauma - what is the first question you ask the parent
A. "Did the child lose consciousness?"
B. "Do you have the teeth?"
C. "When did the child last eat?"
D. "When did the injury occur?" - Answer A. "Did the child lose consciousness?"
,Reimplantation is desired. What is the best way to protect permanent teeth after avulsion?
A. Place back into the sockets
B. Place under the tongue
C. Put in a cup of milk
D. Wrap in a wet napkin - Answer A. Place back into the sockets
What is the mechanism of amphotericin B
- Binding to ergosterol to create pores in fungal cell membrane
- Inhibiting folate synthesis and other functions through production of free radicals
- Binding ribosome subunits to prevent protein synthesis
- Neutralizing spores to prevent fungal reproduction - Answer Binding to ergosterol to create
pores in fungal cell membrane
This describes how far an impression tray should extend posteriorly when making a maxillary
impression for diagnostic casts
- to the uvula
- to the pterygomaxillary notches
- to the fovea palatinae
- slightly beyond tuberosity
- beyond vibrating line - Answer Beyond vibrating line
The most common cause of HPV is
- trauma
- smoking
- alcohol consumption
- autoinoculation - Answer autoinoculation
Sealants are polymerized by what material
- camphorquinone
- polymethylmethacrylate
- free radicals
- Bis-GMA - Answer Free radicals
Addition of filler particles improves the following except
- Reduces coefficient of thermal expansion
,- Reduces polymerization shrinkage
- Better resistance to wear
- Better esthetics and polishability - Answer - Better esthetics and polishability
The amount of penetration by xray beams is most likely associated with
- kVp
- mA
- focal film distance
- exposure time - Answer kVp - amount of kVp affects the intensity and degree of penetration
of the beam
Increasing the kVp increases the energy of xrays therefore the penetration of the beam
Which term for erosion on the lingual surfaces of teeth as result of acidic stomach contents
hydrolysis
dysphagia
xerostomia
perimylolysis - Answer perimylolysis
All of pathogen groups commonly present in cases of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis diseases
except for one
- prevotella
- haemophilus
- fusobacteria
- spirochetes - Answer - haemophilus = gram - bacteria that cause pneuomonia, bacteremia,
and meningitis
Which of the following medications matches the description of which is least likely to cause
sedation?
- diphenhydramine
- fexofenadine
- hydroxyzine
- famotidine - Answer Fexofenadine - second generation antihistamine that is selective to H1
and is unable to enter nervous system like diphenhydramine and hydroxyzine
What nerve passes between the medial pterygoid and the ramus of the mandible
, Lingual
Buccal
Auricotemporal
Facial - Answer Lingual
What action must be demonstrated by an antimicrobial agent to prove clinical effectiveness for
ADA approval
- Effectiveness as bactericidal agent against gram -
- Effectiveness as bactericidal agent against gram +
- Reduction in gross plaque mass
- Reduction in disease - Answer - Reduction in disease
What are the three core functions of public health
- Policy development, monitoring, and assurance
- Assessment, policy development, and monitoring
- Assessment, policy development and evaluation
- Assessment, policy development, and assurance - Answer - Assessment, policy development,
and assurance
Which ADHD medication has a mechanism of action that is not stimulating?
Disadexamfetamine
Dexymethylphenidate
Guanfacine
Dextroamphetamine - Answer Guanfacine
- anything that ends with "etamine or pehnidate" is a stimulant
Which rate would a researcher divide the number of disease cases by the total number of
people
Prevalence
Specificity
Incidence
Odds ratio - Answer Prevalence
The bet way to produce a radiographic image with low contrast is by doing what
- increasing kVp
- Decreasing the filtration
