BIOL 252 Human Anatomy & Physiology II
w/Lab | Module 4 Exam Review 70+ Questions
and Answers – Summary | Lockdown Browser
| Portage Learning
,1. Which of the following is a primary function of the lymphatic system?
A) Transport of oxygen
B) Return of interstitial fluid to the blood
C) Production of red blood cells
D) Synthesis of vitamin D
Correct Answer: B) Return of interstitial fluid to the blood
Rationale: The lymphatic system returns leaked fluids and proteins to the bloodstream to
maintain fluid balance.
2. Which type of white blood cell is primarily responsible for the immune response against
parasites and allergens?
A) Neutrophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Basophils
D) Eosinophils
Correct Answer: D) Eosinophils
Rationale: Eosinophils defend against parasitic worms and contribute to allergic
reactions.
3. What is the role of Helper T cells (CD4+) in the adaptive immune response?
A) Directly kill infected cells
B) Produce antibodies
C) Activate other immune cells like B cells and cytotoxic T cells
D) Phagocytose pathogens
Correct Answer: C) Activate other immune cells like B cells and cytotoxic T cells
Rationale: Helper T cells coordinate adaptive immunity by releasing cytokines that
activate B cells and cytotoxic T cells.
4. An antigen is best defined as:
A) A protein produced by white blood cells
B) A toxin that induces a fever
C) A substance that triggers an immune response
D) A cell that engulfs bacteria
Correct Answer: C) A substance that triggers an immune response
Rationale: Antigens are molecules, often foreign proteins or polysaccharides, that are
recognized by lymphocytes.
5. The first antibody class produced in a primary immune response is:
A) IgG
B) IgA
, C) IgE
D) IgM
Correct Answer: D) IgM
Rationale: IgM is the initial antibody secreted upon first antigen exposure; it is a
pentamer that efficiently activates complement.
6. A patient receives a vaccine for the flu. This is an example of:
A) Naturally acquired active immunity
B) Artificially acquired active immunity
C) Naturally acquired passive immunity
D) Artificially acquired passive immunity
Correct Answer: B) Artificially acquired active immunity
Rationale: Vaccination introduces antigens that stimulate the body to produce its own
antibodies and memory cells.
7. Specialized lymphatic capillaries in the small intestine that absorb dietary lipids are
called:
A) Venules
B) Lacteals
C) Sinusoids
D) Peyer's patches
Correct Answer: B) Lacteals
Rationale: Lacteals are lymphatic capillaries within intestinal villi that absorb
chylomicrons containing long-chain fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins.
8. The thymus is most active during:
A) Old age
B) Middle age
C) Childhood and adolescence
D) It is equally active throughout life
Correct Answer: C) Childhood and adolescence
Rationale: The thymus is largest and most active in childhood and adolescence, then
gradually involutes and is replaced by adipose tissue.
9. Lymph is most similar to:
A) Whole blood
B) Interstitial fluid
C) Plasma
D) Cytosol
, Correct Answer: B) Interstitial fluid
Rationale: Lymph is essentially interstitial fluid that has entered lymphatic capillaries.
10. Which vessel returns lymph from the lower body and left upper body?
A) Right lymphatic duct
B) Thoracic duct
C) Superior vena cava
D) Inferior vena cava
Correct Answer: B) Thoracic duct
Rationale: The thoracic duct drains most of the body, including both lower limbs and the
left upper body.
11. The right lymphatic duct drains lymph from:
A) The entire body
B) The right upper limb and right side of head and thorax
C) The left upper limb
D) The lower limbs
Correct Answer: B) The right upper limb and right side of head and thorax
Rationale: The right lymphatic duct drains the right upper quadrant of the body.
12. Lymphatic capillaries differ from blood capillaries because they:
A) Have a basement membrane
B) Are closed at both ends
C) Have overlapping endothelial cells that form mini-valves
D) Carry oxygenated blood
Correct Answer: C) Have overlapping endothelial cells that form mini-valves
Rationale: Overlapping endothelial flaps allow interstitial fluid to enter but prevent it
from flowing back out.
13. Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?
A) Fluid recovery
B) Lipid absorption
C) Immunity
D) Transport of carbon dioxide
Correct Answer: D) Transport of carbon dioxide
Rationale: Carbon dioxide transport is primarily a function of the cardiovascular and
respiratory systems.
14. Edema may result from:
A) Increased lymphatic drainage
w/Lab | Module 4 Exam Review 70+ Questions
and Answers – Summary | Lockdown Browser
| Portage Learning
,1. Which of the following is a primary function of the lymphatic system?
A) Transport of oxygen
B) Return of interstitial fluid to the blood
C) Production of red blood cells
D) Synthesis of vitamin D
Correct Answer: B) Return of interstitial fluid to the blood
Rationale: The lymphatic system returns leaked fluids and proteins to the bloodstream to
maintain fluid balance.
2. Which type of white blood cell is primarily responsible for the immune response against
parasites and allergens?
A) Neutrophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Basophils
D) Eosinophils
Correct Answer: D) Eosinophils
Rationale: Eosinophils defend against parasitic worms and contribute to allergic
reactions.
3. What is the role of Helper T cells (CD4+) in the adaptive immune response?
A) Directly kill infected cells
B) Produce antibodies
C) Activate other immune cells like B cells and cytotoxic T cells
D) Phagocytose pathogens
Correct Answer: C) Activate other immune cells like B cells and cytotoxic T cells
Rationale: Helper T cells coordinate adaptive immunity by releasing cytokines that
activate B cells and cytotoxic T cells.
4. An antigen is best defined as:
A) A protein produced by white blood cells
B) A toxin that induces a fever
C) A substance that triggers an immune response
D) A cell that engulfs bacteria
Correct Answer: C) A substance that triggers an immune response
Rationale: Antigens are molecules, often foreign proteins or polysaccharides, that are
recognized by lymphocytes.
5. The first antibody class produced in a primary immune response is:
A) IgG
B) IgA
, C) IgE
D) IgM
Correct Answer: D) IgM
Rationale: IgM is the initial antibody secreted upon first antigen exposure; it is a
pentamer that efficiently activates complement.
6. A patient receives a vaccine for the flu. This is an example of:
A) Naturally acquired active immunity
B) Artificially acquired active immunity
C) Naturally acquired passive immunity
D) Artificially acquired passive immunity
Correct Answer: B) Artificially acquired active immunity
Rationale: Vaccination introduces antigens that stimulate the body to produce its own
antibodies and memory cells.
7. Specialized lymphatic capillaries in the small intestine that absorb dietary lipids are
called:
A) Venules
B) Lacteals
C) Sinusoids
D) Peyer's patches
Correct Answer: B) Lacteals
Rationale: Lacteals are lymphatic capillaries within intestinal villi that absorb
chylomicrons containing long-chain fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins.
8. The thymus is most active during:
A) Old age
B) Middle age
C) Childhood and adolescence
D) It is equally active throughout life
Correct Answer: C) Childhood and adolescence
Rationale: The thymus is largest and most active in childhood and adolescence, then
gradually involutes and is replaced by adipose tissue.
9. Lymph is most similar to:
A) Whole blood
B) Interstitial fluid
C) Plasma
D) Cytosol
, Correct Answer: B) Interstitial fluid
Rationale: Lymph is essentially interstitial fluid that has entered lymphatic capillaries.
10. Which vessel returns lymph from the lower body and left upper body?
A) Right lymphatic duct
B) Thoracic duct
C) Superior vena cava
D) Inferior vena cava
Correct Answer: B) Thoracic duct
Rationale: The thoracic duct drains most of the body, including both lower limbs and the
left upper body.
11. The right lymphatic duct drains lymph from:
A) The entire body
B) The right upper limb and right side of head and thorax
C) The left upper limb
D) The lower limbs
Correct Answer: B) The right upper limb and right side of head and thorax
Rationale: The right lymphatic duct drains the right upper quadrant of the body.
12. Lymphatic capillaries differ from blood capillaries because they:
A) Have a basement membrane
B) Are closed at both ends
C) Have overlapping endothelial cells that form mini-valves
D) Carry oxygenated blood
Correct Answer: C) Have overlapping endothelial cells that form mini-valves
Rationale: Overlapping endothelial flaps allow interstitial fluid to enter but prevent it
from flowing back out.
13. Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?
A) Fluid recovery
B) Lipid absorption
C) Immunity
D) Transport of carbon dioxide
Correct Answer: D) Transport of carbon dioxide
Rationale: Carbon dioxide transport is primarily a function of the cardiovascular and
respiratory systems.
14. Edema may result from:
A) Increased lymphatic drainage
