NR 511 Midterm Exam | 176 Questions and
Correct Answers plus Rationales | Latest Update
2026-2027 | Graded A+
1. Which drug for Alzheimer’s disease should be administered beginning at the
time of diagnosis?
A. Cholinesterase inhibitors
B. Anxiolytics
C. Antidepressants
D. Atypical antipsychotics
A. Cholinesterase inhibitors
Rationale: Donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine are started at diagnosis for
mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s.
2. Most adult poisonings are:
A. Intentional and self-inflicted
B. Accidental
C. Caused by someone wishing to do harm
D. Not attributed to any reason
A. Intentional and self-inflicted
Source correction: Source key says accidental. In adults, intentional
overdose/suicide attempt is more common; pediatric poisonings are usually
accidental.
3. A 58-year-old woman presents with a breast mass. Which response is most
appropriate?
A. “It is probably just a cyst.”
B. “We will order a mammogram and ultrasound to help establish a diagnosis.”
C. “We will schedule you for a biopsy because that is the only way to know.”
D. “Because your lump is painful, it is most likely not cancer.”
B. “We will order a mammogram and ultrasound to help establish a
diagnosis.”
Rationale: Imaging is the appropriate next step; biopsy follows if suspicious.
,4. Which is a specific test for multiple sclerosis (MS)?
A. MRI
B. CT scan
C. Lumbar puncture
D. There is no specific test
D. There is no specific test
Rationale: MS is diagnosed clinically plus MRI/labs; no single definitive test.
5. Which characteristic of delirium helps distinguish it from dementia?
A. Abrupt onset
B. Impaired attention
C. Affective changes
D. Delusions
A. Abrupt onset
Rationale: Delirium develops acutely and fluctuates; dementia is
chronic/progressive.
6. Which clinical feature is first affected in increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
A. Decrease in level of consciousness
B. Headache
C. Nausea
D. Widening pulse pressure
A. Decrease in level of consciousness
Rationale: LOC change is the earliest and most sensitive sign.
7. Jennifer, 18, has a dislocated shoulder. Which statement is true?
A. Posterior dislocations are more common.
B. There is risk of neurovascular trauma, so check distal pulses.
C. Recurrent dislocations are uncommon.
D. Surgery is most common treatment.
B. There is a risk of neurovascular and neurosensory trauma, so check distal
pulses.
Rationale: Always assess distal pulses/sensation before and after reduction.
8. Which sign/symptom indicates inflammatory etiology to musculoskeletal
pain?
A. Decreased CRP
,B. Hyperalbuminemia
C. Morning stiffness
D. Weight gain
C. Morning stiffness
Rationale: Inflammatory arthritis causes prolonged morning stiffness.
9. Patient is 5 ft tall and weighs 150 lb. How classify?
A. Overweight
B. Mild obesity
C. Moderate obesity
D. Morbid obesity
A. Overweight
Source correction: BMI = 29.3, which is overweight, not mild obesity.
10. A 23-year-old sexually active woman with multiple partners. Which
condition should you be alert for?
A. HPV
B. Endometrial hyperplasia
C. Vaginismus
D. PCOS
A. Human papillomavirus (HPV)
Rationale: Multiple partners and early intercourse increase HPV risk.
11. Which drug class is first-line for delirium?
A. Benzodiazepines
B. Antipsychotics
C. Anticonvulsants
D. Antidepressants
B. Antipsychotics
Rationale: Haloperidol or atypical antipsychotics are used for agitation/psychosis.
12. Treatment of choice for testicular cancer?
A. Radical orchidectomy
B. Lumpectomy
C. Radiation implants
D. All of the above
, A. Radical orchidectomy
Rationale: Inguinal orchiectomy is standard for diagnosis and treatment.
13. A 24-year-old woman with dysuria, dyspareunia, mucopurulent vaginal
discharge; boyfriend treated for nongonococcal urethritis. Most likely STD?
A. Gonorrhea
B. HPV
C. Chlamydia
D. Trichomonas
C. Chlamydia
Rationale: Nongonococcal urethritis in partner suggests Chlamydia.
14. A 58-year-old woman post-hysterectomy at 45 has atrophic vaginitis. Best
treatment?
A. Conjugated estrogen 0.625 mg/day oral
B. Estradiol 7.5 mcg/24 hr vaginal ring
C. Medroxyprogesterone 10 mg/day oral
D. Conjugated estrogen + medroxyprogesterone oral
B. Estradiol 7.5 mcg/24 hr vaginal ring
Rationale: Topical vaginal estrogen is preferred for local symptoms.
15. Microscopy of intravaginal infection shows cluster of small oval-to-round
shapes. What do you suspect?
A. Spores
B. Leukocytes
C. Pseudohyphae
D. Epithelial cells
A. Spores
Rationale: Yeast spores suggest Candida.
16. Spontaneous pneumothorax recurrence rate up to what percentage?
A. 10%
B. 20%
C. 30%
D. 50%
Correct Answers plus Rationales | Latest Update
2026-2027 | Graded A+
1. Which drug for Alzheimer’s disease should be administered beginning at the
time of diagnosis?
A. Cholinesterase inhibitors
B. Anxiolytics
C. Antidepressants
D. Atypical antipsychotics
A. Cholinesterase inhibitors
Rationale: Donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine are started at diagnosis for
mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s.
2. Most adult poisonings are:
A. Intentional and self-inflicted
B. Accidental
C. Caused by someone wishing to do harm
D. Not attributed to any reason
A. Intentional and self-inflicted
Source correction: Source key says accidental. In adults, intentional
overdose/suicide attempt is more common; pediatric poisonings are usually
accidental.
3. A 58-year-old woman presents with a breast mass. Which response is most
appropriate?
A. “It is probably just a cyst.”
B. “We will order a mammogram and ultrasound to help establish a diagnosis.”
C. “We will schedule you for a biopsy because that is the only way to know.”
D. “Because your lump is painful, it is most likely not cancer.”
B. “We will order a mammogram and ultrasound to help establish a
diagnosis.”
Rationale: Imaging is the appropriate next step; biopsy follows if suspicious.
,4. Which is a specific test for multiple sclerosis (MS)?
A. MRI
B. CT scan
C. Lumbar puncture
D. There is no specific test
D. There is no specific test
Rationale: MS is diagnosed clinically plus MRI/labs; no single definitive test.
5. Which characteristic of delirium helps distinguish it from dementia?
A. Abrupt onset
B. Impaired attention
C. Affective changes
D. Delusions
A. Abrupt onset
Rationale: Delirium develops acutely and fluctuates; dementia is
chronic/progressive.
6. Which clinical feature is first affected in increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
A. Decrease in level of consciousness
B. Headache
C. Nausea
D. Widening pulse pressure
A. Decrease in level of consciousness
Rationale: LOC change is the earliest and most sensitive sign.
7. Jennifer, 18, has a dislocated shoulder. Which statement is true?
A. Posterior dislocations are more common.
B. There is risk of neurovascular trauma, so check distal pulses.
C. Recurrent dislocations are uncommon.
D. Surgery is most common treatment.
B. There is a risk of neurovascular and neurosensory trauma, so check distal
pulses.
Rationale: Always assess distal pulses/sensation before and after reduction.
8. Which sign/symptom indicates inflammatory etiology to musculoskeletal
pain?
A. Decreased CRP
,B. Hyperalbuminemia
C. Morning stiffness
D. Weight gain
C. Morning stiffness
Rationale: Inflammatory arthritis causes prolonged morning stiffness.
9. Patient is 5 ft tall and weighs 150 lb. How classify?
A. Overweight
B. Mild obesity
C. Moderate obesity
D. Morbid obesity
A. Overweight
Source correction: BMI = 29.3, which is overweight, not mild obesity.
10. A 23-year-old sexually active woman with multiple partners. Which
condition should you be alert for?
A. HPV
B. Endometrial hyperplasia
C. Vaginismus
D. PCOS
A. Human papillomavirus (HPV)
Rationale: Multiple partners and early intercourse increase HPV risk.
11. Which drug class is first-line for delirium?
A. Benzodiazepines
B. Antipsychotics
C. Anticonvulsants
D. Antidepressants
B. Antipsychotics
Rationale: Haloperidol or atypical antipsychotics are used for agitation/psychosis.
12. Treatment of choice for testicular cancer?
A. Radical orchidectomy
B. Lumpectomy
C. Radiation implants
D. All of the above
, A. Radical orchidectomy
Rationale: Inguinal orchiectomy is standard for diagnosis and treatment.
13. A 24-year-old woman with dysuria, dyspareunia, mucopurulent vaginal
discharge; boyfriend treated for nongonococcal urethritis. Most likely STD?
A. Gonorrhea
B. HPV
C. Chlamydia
D. Trichomonas
C. Chlamydia
Rationale: Nongonococcal urethritis in partner suggests Chlamydia.
14. A 58-year-old woman post-hysterectomy at 45 has atrophic vaginitis. Best
treatment?
A. Conjugated estrogen 0.625 mg/day oral
B. Estradiol 7.5 mcg/24 hr vaginal ring
C. Medroxyprogesterone 10 mg/day oral
D. Conjugated estrogen + medroxyprogesterone oral
B. Estradiol 7.5 mcg/24 hr vaginal ring
Rationale: Topical vaginal estrogen is preferred for local symptoms.
15. Microscopy of intravaginal infection shows cluster of small oval-to-round
shapes. What do you suspect?
A. Spores
B. Leukocytes
C. Pseudohyphae
D. Epithelial cells
A. Spores
Rationale: Yeast spores suggest Candida.
16. Spontaneous pneumothorax recurrence rate up to what percentage?
A. 10%
B. 20%
C. 30%
D. 50%
