PAT 201 - WEEK 3 | Questions with 100% Verified Answers | Latest Update 2026/2027

PAT 201 - WEEK 3 | Questions with 100% Verified Answers |
Latest Update 2026/2027
Question: Allostatic Load
Answer: A way of measuring the cumulative wear and
tear on the body

Question: What is Allostatic Load caused by?
Answer: Caused by repeated activation of multiple
physiologic systems over time in response to
environmental demands in an effort to maintain
internal equilibrium

Question: Allostatic Load CAN cause . . .
Answer: Has the potential to tax the body and brain and
lead to the emergence of diseases and disorder

Question: Allostatic Load is "exposure to
frequent stressors that cause..."
Answer: - Repeated physiologic arousal
- Lack of adaptation to stressors
- Inability to shut off the stress response
- A response that is not sufficient to deal with the
stressor

Question: What Factors are Associated with
High Allostatic Load
Answer: - Divorce
- Poverty
- Discrimination
- Racism
- Marginalization
- Social Determinants of Health

Question: What is Inflammation?
Answer: Natural, nonspecific response that limits the
spread of invading microorganisms or injury

Question: What can trigger Inflammation?
Answer: - Many conditions (physical trauma, burns,
infection, hypersensitivity reactions, tissue
necrosis)
- Nonspecific as inflammation proceeds in same
manner regardless of cause

,Question: Excessive Inflammation Symptoms
Answer: Minor discomfort - severe discomfort
- disabling pain
- fever
- changed in mobility

Question: Types of Immunity
Answer: Innate (Non-Specific)
Adaptive (acquired) Immunity

Question: Innate Resistance
Answer: Natural barriers and the inflammatory response

Question: Adaptive (acquired) Immunity
Answer: A type of immunity that develops when a
person's immune system responds to a foreign
substance or microorganism (after infection or
vaccination)
- develops through lifetime

Question: Lines of Defense
Answer: First Line
Second Line
Third Line

Question: First Line
Answer: Natural barriers: physical, mechanical and
biochemical

Question: Second Line: Inflammation
Answer: Programmed to respond to cellular or tissue
damage
- occurs in tissues with blood supply
- rapidly initiated (within seconds)
- depends on activity of cellular and chemical
components
- nonspecific

Question: Signs of Inflammatory Response
Answer: - Erythema (redness)
- Heat
- Edema (swelling)
- Pain
- Loss of function

, Question: Vascular Response to Inflammation
Answer: - Blood vessel dilation
- Increased vascular permeability
- Leakage

Question: Cellular Response to Inflammation
Answer: - WBC adherence to inner walls of vessels
- Migration of WBC through vessels (diapedesis)

Question: Microbiome
Answer: Body's surfaces are colonized with an array of
microorganisms
- everyone has unique microbiome, based on
individual's environment, diet, exposure to toxins
and animals, etc.
- body surfaces/anatomic locations have their
own specialized microbiome

Question: Do Microbiomes normally cause
Disease?
Answer: No, they do NOT normally cause disease under
normal conditions BUT can cause disease in
immunocompromised people who lack usual
defense mechanisms

Question: Microbiome Interactions with the
Body
Answer: - Induces protective immune responses and
supports immune tolerance of innocuous
microorganisms
- Produces enzymes that aid digestion of fatty
acids and polysaccharides
- Synthesizes metabolites
- Releases antibacterial substances
- Competes with pathogens for nutrients
- Blocks attachment of the pathogens to the
epithelium

Question: Symbiosis of Microbiome and
Body
Answer: Body and Microbiome act in harmony with each
other to induce or suppress the immune
response