PTAC 1354 FINAL LECTURE REVIEW UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Crude oil is made up of two molecules
Answer:
hydrogen and carbons
Question:
2. paraffinic crude oil
Answer:
contains waxy substance (paraffins); lighter oils with shorter HC chains
Question:
3. asphaltic crude
Answer:
contains large amounts of asphalt; heavier oil with longer HC chains
Question:
4. sweet crude oil
Answer:
oil containing less than 1% sulfur
Question:
5. sour crude oil
Answer:
oil containing more than 1% sulfur
Question:
6. hydrogen sulfide
Answer:
H2S; toxic gas that forms when SULFUR (S) oxidizes.
Question:
7. Why is sulfur extracted from crude oil?
Answer:
it is a pollutant, a toxin, and highly corrosive
Question:
8. crude distillation can be divided into two steps:
Answer:
1) heating and desalting
2) distillation
, Question:
9. Why is crude oil desalted before distillation?
Answer:
Salt can cause corrosion and fouling in equipment
Question:
10. steps in desalting process
Answer:
1) heat crude oil
2) chemical addition (desmulsifiers)
3) add water to dilute saltwater (create emulsion)
4) demulsification: separating diluted saltwater from oil
Question:
11. purpose of distillation
Answer:
separate crude oil into different groups of hydrocarbons. these groups have different boiling points. once
separated, each group undergoes further processing to make marketable products $$$
Question:
12. what temperature does crude oil enter the distillation column
Answer:
at the lowest boiling point
Question:
13. purpose of reflux
Answer:
controls the temperature at the top of the tower and purifies products coming off the top of the tower.
Question:
14. why would distillation be done under vacuum pressure?
Answer:
to lower the boiling point to crack longer chains
Question:
15. what two PVs are the most important in the distillation process?
Answer:
Temperature and Pressure
note: they are directly related in a closed system.
Question:
16. what is LNG?
Answer:
LIQUEFIED natural gas
NOTE: NOT "liquid" NOT "light" *****it is LIQUIFIED******
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Crude oil is made up of two molecules
Answer:
hydrogen and carbons
Question:
2. paraffinic crude oil
Answer:
contains waxy substance (paraffins); lighter oils with shorter HC chains
Question:
3. asphaltic crude
Answer:
contains large amounts of asphalt; heavier oil with longer HC chains
Question:
4. sweet crude oil
Answer:
oil containing less than 1% sulfur
Question:
5. sour crude oil
Answer:
oil containing more than 1% sulfur
Question:
6. hydrogen sulfide
Answer:
H2S; toxic gas that forms when SULFUR (S) oxidizes.
Question:
7. Why is sulfur extracted from crude oil?
Answer:
it is a pollutant, a toxin, and highly corrosive
Question:
8. crude distillation can be divided into two steps:
Answer:
1) heating and desalting
2) distillation
, Question:
9. Why is crude oil desalted before distillation?
Answer:
Salt can cause corrosion and fouling in equipment
Question:
10. steps in desalting process
Answer:
1) heat crude oil
2) chemical addition (desmulsifiers)
3) add water to dilute saltwater (create emulsion)
4) demulsification: separating diluted saltwater from oil
Question:
11. purpose of distillation
Answer:
separate crude oil into different groups of hydrocarbons. these groups have different boiling points. once
separated, each group undergoes further processing to make marketable products $$$
Question:
12. what temperature does crude oil enter the distillation column
Answer:
at the lowest boiling point
Question:
13. purpose of reflux
Answer:
controls the temperature at the top of the tower and purifies products coming off the top of the tower.
Question:
14. why would distillation be done under vacuum pressure?
Answer:
to lower the boiling point to crack longer chains
Question:
15. what two PVs are the most important in the distillation process?
Answer:
Temperature and Pressure
note: they are directly related in a closed system.
Question:
16. what is LNG?
Answer:
LIQUEFIED natural gas
NOTE: NOT "liquid" NOT "light" *****it is LIQUIFIED******
