Foundations of Nursing, 9th Edition by Kim Cooper and Kelly Gosnell All chapters with over 300 questions and correct answers

Foundations of Nursing, 9th
Edition by Kim Cooper and
Kelly Gosnell All chapters
with over 300 questions
and correct answers
Document emphasizes essential clinical skills, legal and ethical standards, the nursing
process, and patient-centered care principles tailored for practical and vocational
nurses.,




Unit I: Fundamentals of Nursing & Evolution
Question: What term defines a nursing program that is certified by a state agency for
meeting minimum standards? Answer: Approved program,

Question: What organization certifies a nursing program when it meets national
standards beyond baseline state requirements? Answer: Accrediting body (such as the
ACEN or NLN CNEA).

Question: Who is widely recognized as the founder of modern nursing and pioneer of
sanitary nursing practices during the Crimean War? Answer: Florence Nightingale.

Question: Which historical figure established the American Red Cross? Answer: Clara
Barton.

Question: What legal document outlines the scope of practice and responsibilities for a
licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)? Answer: State Nurse Practice Act.

Question: What ethical principle refers to the duty to do good and promote the well-
being of a patient? Answer: Beneficence.

,Question: What ethical principle obligates a healthcare provider to do no harm to the
patient? Answer: Nonmaleficence.

Question: What legal term describes a civil wrong committed against a person or
property, leading to legal liability? Answer: Tort.

Question: What is the legal term for a threat or an attempt to touch a patient without
consent, causing fear of imminent harm? Answer: Assault.

Question: What is the legal term for the actual, unconsented physical touching of a
patient? Answer: Battery.

Question: What type of documentation error involves writing false and malicious
information about a person in written form? Answer: Libel.

Question: What type of defamation involves spoken malicious statements? Answer:
Slander.

Question: What acronym describes the comprehensive charting system that includes
Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan, Implementation, and Evaluation? Answer:
SOAPIE.

Question: What communication technique involves restating the patient's message in
the nurse's own words to verify understanding? Answer: Paraphrasing.

Question: What is the first step of the five-step nursing process? Answer: Assessment.

Question: What step of the nursing process involves analyzing collected data to identify
actual or potential health problems? Answer: Nursing diagnosis.

Question: During which phase of the nursing process are nursing interventions actually
carried out? Answer: Implementation.

Question: What phase of the nursing process determines whether patient goals and
expected outcomes have been met? Answer: Evaluation.

Question: What term describes the integration of cultural beliefs, values, and practices
into individualized patient care? Answer: Cultural competence.

Question: What personal bias assumes that all members of a specific culture act, think,
or believe identically? Answer: Stereotyping.

Unit II: Clinical Practice Foundations

Question: What is the primary medical asepsis practice used to break the chain of
infection and prevent the spread of microorganisms? Answer: Hand hygiene
(handwashing).

, Question: What type of infection is acquired within a healthcare facility during the course
of receiving treatment? Answer: Health care-associated infection (HAI) / nosocomial
infection.

Question: What level of asepsis destroys all microorganisms, including spores and
viruses? Answer: Surgical asepsis (sterilization).

Question: What principle of body mechanics dictates the proper alignment of the body
to prevent musculoskeletal strain? Answer: Keeping the center of gravity low and
bending at the knees.

Question: In what position is the head of the bed elevated between 45 and 60 degrees
to promote lung expansion and ease breathing? Answer: Fowler's position.

Question: Which bed position elevates the head of the bed to 90 degrees? Answer:
High Fowler's position.

Question: What position places the patient flat on their back with legs slightly elevated
or straight? Answer: Supine position.

Question: What position places the patient on their abdomen with the head turned to
one side? Answer: Prone position.

Question: What side-lying position is commonly used for enema administration and
rectal examinations? Answer: Sims' position.
Question: What safety device is utilized to prevent patient falls while enabling safe
ambulation or wheelchair transfer? Answer: Gait belt (transfer belt).

Question: How often must physical restraints be released, and the skin assessed and
repositioned, per standard clinical guidelines? Answer: Every 2 hours (with checks
typically every 30 minutes).
Question: What documentation must a nurse complete immediately following an
unexpected patient event or fall? Answer: Incident report (variance report).

Question: What process occurs when a patient is officially transitioned from an acute
care facility to a home setting or long-term care facility? Answer: Discharge planning.

Question: What vital sign parameter is known as the "fifth vital sign"? Answer: Pain.

Question: What instrument is used alongside a stethoscope to measure a patient's
blood pressure manually? Answer: Sphygmomanometer.

Question: What term defines a persistent, abnormally high blood pressure reading
above 130/80 mmHg? Answer: Hypertension.