CLTM STUDY SET 1 WITH 137 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS RATED A+ LATEST UPDATES
What does the acronym BIRDs stand for?
Brief Potentially Ictal Rhythmic Discharges
What is SUDEP?
SUDEP= Sudden Unexplained Death in Epilepsy
SUDEP is the most important, direct epilepsy-related cause of death, and excludes
deaths resulting from status epilepticus
Which of the following does not belong and the why: Kuru, Scrapie, Bovine
spongiform encephalopathy, CJD, HSV, Encephalitis
HSV encephalitis. This is caused by the herpes simplex virus.
The rest are prion diseases and have a 100% mortality rate.
Kuru is related to cannibalism in Papua New Guinea
Scrapie is found in sheep and goats
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is mad cow disease
What is a type of brain tumor often associated with chronic seizures that becomes
progressively refractory to AEDs?
Oligodendroglioma. Slow growing, infiltrative, and rare neoplasm often found in
the temporal lobe
When is a lumbar puncture contraindicated?
When a brain tumor mass is suspected. Increased ICPs due to cerebral masses put
the patient at risk of fatal herniation
Which disorder is known for "disappearing tumors"?
,Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma - Typically occurs in
immunocompromised or older individuals, deep cerebral tumor that is often
bilateral that shows initial dramatic response to corticosteroids and radiation but
usually shows a recurrence and death within 3 years
What does the term "astatic" mean
A sudden loss of erect posture without specifying the seizure type (could be due
to atonic, myoclonic, or tonic seizures).
Epileptiform discharges that occur more than once per minute but less than once
every ten seconds would be quantified as
Frequent.
Frequent > or equal to 1/min but less than 1 per 10 seconds
What is Wilson's disease and what are possible EEG findings?
Abnormal copper metabolism causing a progressive disorder characterized by
ataxia, choreoathetosis, dystonia, and dysarthria, hepatic dysfunction, copper
deposits in cornea.
EEG may show generalized asynchronous or foal slow waves, especially in cases of
significant liver disease
What is the most common cause of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE)?
Mesial Temporal Sclerosis (MTS)
What is the definition of an electrographic seizure?
Epileptiform discharges averaging >2.5Hz for > or equal to 10 seconds (>25
discharges in 10 seconds)
or
, Any pattern with definite evolution last > or equal to 10 seconds
What is a scotoma?
A small spot of vision loss aka "blind spots"
What is the definition of "marked" EEG asymmetry
A difference between hemispheres greater than 50% in amplitude or greater than
1 Hz in frequency.
Mirror Focus Phenomenon
The concept that an actively discharging epileptiform region may induce similar
behavior in a homologous site.
(Related to kindling phenomena that occur through interhemispheric connections.
It means that secondary epileptogenic foci develop in the contralateral
hemisphere)
Epigastric Aura
A rising sensation in the abdomen at seizure onset, associated with temporal lobe
seizures
What do you call the ethical principle that a medical professional's actions should
promote good by having the welfare of the patient as a goal of any treatment?
Principle of Beneficence
QEEG
Quantitative EEG allows for visualization of up to several hours of EEG data in a
single screen display. Commonly referred to as "trend analysis". QEEG trending for
seizure detection is based on: amplitude, frequency, rhythmicity, and degree of
asymmetry.
What are coup and contrecoup head injuries?
Both are closed head injuries/whiplash
CORRECT ANSWERS RATED A+ LATEST UPDATES
What does the acronym BIRDs stand for?
Brief Potentially Ictal Rhythmic Discharges
What is SUDEP?
SUDEP= Sudden Unexplained Death in Epilepsy
SUDEP is the most important, direct epilepsy-related cause of death, and excludes
deaths resulting from status epilepticus
Which of the following does not belong and the why: Kuru, Scrapie, Bovine
spongiform encephalopathy, CJD, HSV, Encephalitis
HSV encephalitis. This is caused by the herpes simplex virus.
The rest are prion diseases and have a 100% mortality rate.
Kuru is related to cannibalism in Papua New Guinea
Scrapie is found in sheep and goats
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is mad cow disease
What is a type of brain tumor often associated with chronic seizures that becomes
progressively refractory to AEDs?
Oligodendroglioma. Slow growing, infiltrative, and rare neoplasm often found in
the temporal lobe
When is a lumbar puncture contraindicated?
When a brain tumor mass is suspected. Increased ICPs due to cerebral masses put
the patient at risk of fatal herniation
Which disorder is known for "disappearing tumors"?
,Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma - Typically occurs in
immunocompromised or older individuals, deep cerebral tumor that is often
bilateral that shows initial dramatic response to corticosteroids and radiation but
usually shows a recurrence and death within 3 years
What does the term "astatic" mean
A sudden loss of erect posture without specifying the seizure type (could be due
to atonic, myoclonic, or tonic seizures).
Epileptiform discharges that occur more than once per minute but less than once
every ten seconds would be quantified as
Frequent.
Frequent > or equal to 1/min but less than 1 per 10 seconds
What is Wilson's disease and what are possible EEG findings?
Abnormal copper metabolism causing a progressive disorder characterized by
ataxia, choreoathetosis, dystonia, and dysarthria, hepatic dysfunction, copper
deposits in cornea.
EEG may show generalized asynchronous or foal slow waves, especially in cases of
significant liver disease
What is the most common cause of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE)?
Mesial Temporal Sclerosis (MTS)
What is the definition of an electrographic seizure?
Epileptiform discharges averaging >2.5Hz for > or equal to 10 seconds (>25
discharges in 10 seconds)
or
, Any pattern with definite evolution last > or equal to 10 seconds
What is a scotoma?
A small spot of vision loss aka "blind spots"
What is the definition of "marked" EEG asymmetry
A difference between hemispheres greater than 50% in amplitude or greater than
1 Hz in frequency.
Mirror Focus Phenomenon
The concept that an actively discharging epileptiform region may induce similar
behavior in a homologous site.
(Related to kindling phenomena that occur through interhemispheric connections.
It means that secondary epileptogenic foci develop in the contralateral
hemisphere)
Epigastric Aura
A rising sensation in the abdomen at seizure onset, associated with temporal lobe
seizures
What do you call the ethical principle that a medical professional's actions should
promote good by having the welfare of the patient as a goal of any treatment?
Principle of Beneficence
QEEG
Quantitative EEG allows for visualization of up to several hours of EEG data in a
single screen display. Commonly referred to as "trend analysis". QEEG trending for
seizure detection is based on: amplitude, frequency, rhythmicity, and degree of
asymmetry.
What are coup and contrecoup head injuries?
Both are closed head injuries/whiplash
