Advanced Pharmacology Midterm
AdvancedStudy
Pharmacology
Guide & Practice
Midterm
Advanced
Questions
Study
Pharmacology
Guide
2026_2027
& Practice
Midterm
Latest
Questions
Study
Update.pdf
Guide
2026_2027
& Practice
Latest
Questions
Update.pdf
2026_2027 Latest Update.pdf
Advanced Pharmacology Midterm
Study Guide & Practice Questions
2026/2027 Latest Update
Advanced Pharmacology Midterm
AdvancedStudy
Pharmacology
Guide & Practice
Midterm
Advanced
Questions
StudyPharmacology
Guide
2026_2027
& Practice
Midterm
Latest
Questions
Update.pdf
Study2026_2027
Guide & Practice
Latest Update.pdf
Questions 2026_2027 Latest Update
,Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf
Chapter 28
Additional patient variables: Angina and Concomitant Diseases and drugs to treat them
Angina and Myocardial Infarction
aspirin and beta blockers
*ACE inhibitors are the drug of choice to treat angina in patients with diabetes or left
ventricular dysfunction.
Angina and Heart Failure
ACE inhibitors are first line
patients who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors are being prescribed ARBs
Hypertension and Angina
lifestyle modifications are the first approach to treatment for patients with emphasis placed
on weight control, reduction of sodium, saturated fat, cholesterol, and alcohol and
increased physical activity. All drug classes used to treat angina are helpful in the treatment
of hypertension.
ACE inhibitors and direct renin inhibitors are useful in blood pressure control based on their
Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm
,Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf
vasodilating effects
Beta blockers are no longer first line therapy in hypertension and CCBs are acceptable for
patients with HTN especially African Americans
Hypercholesterolemia
Patients should strive for LDL levels less than 100mg and less than 70mg in the very high risk
patients (diabetic, smoker, etc) lifestyle modifications are the first line approach.
Beta blockers can negatively affect triglyceride and LDL levels
Peripheral Vascular Disease
BB's are contraindicated in patients with severe PVD. CCB's are the drug of choice for
patients with angina and PVD
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetic patients with angina should make every attempt to have a near normal A1C
ACE inhibitors are drug of choice
CCBs are also useful because of their lower effects on glucose metabolism, and they also
may have some degree of renal protection
BB's may mask the signs of hypoglycemia
Asthma and COPD
Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm
, Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf
BBs may exacerbate disease but should only be avoided if the patient has severe or
uncontrolled disease
Erectile Dysfunction
related to endothelial dysfunction and vascular damage similar to HTN and angina
*treatment of HTN has also been associated with ED and may affect patient compliance
(BB's and thiazide diuretics are the drug classes most associated with ED)
**Nebivolol is a BB least likely to cause ED and may even improve ED symptoms
***ED meds (Viagra, Cialis) used in combination with nitrates can cause severe vasodilation
resulting in hypotension and syncope.
Chapter 28
Beta Blockers and Diabetes Mellitus
beta blockers decrease insulin secretion and may mask the signs of hypoglycemia.
The one sign that is not masked is diaphoresis, and patients with diabetes who are taking
these drugs should be taught to test their blood glucose levels in the event of a diaphoretic
episode.
Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm
AdvancedStudy
Pharmacology
Guide & Practice
Midterm
Advanced
Questions
Study
Pharmacology
Guide
2026_2027
& Practice
Midterm
Latest
Questions
Study
Update.pdf
Guide
2026_2027
& Practice
Latest
Questions
Update.pdf
2026_2027 Latest Update.pdf
Advanced Pharmacology Midterm
Study Guide & Practice Questions
2026/2027 Latest Update
Advanced Pharmacology Midterm
AdvancedStudy
Pharmacology
Guide & Practice
Midterm
Advanced
Questions
StudyPharmacology
Guide
2026_2027
& Practice
Midterm
Latest
Questions
Update.pdf
Study2026_2027
Guide & Practice
Latest Update.pdf
Questions 2026_2027 Latest Update
,Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf
Chapter 28
Additional patient variables: Angina and Concomitant Diseases and drugs to treat them
Angina and Myocardial Infarction
aspirin and beta blockers
*ACE inhibitors are the drug of choice to treat angina in patients with diabetes or left
ventricular dysfunction.
Angina and Heart Failure
ACE inhibitors are first line
patients who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors are being prescribed ARBs
Hypertension and Angina
lifestyle modifications are the first approach to treatment for patients with emphasis placed
on weight control, reduction of sodium, saturated fat, cholesterol, and alcohol and
increased physical activity. All drug classes used to treat angina are helpful in the treatment
of hypertension.
ACE inhibitors and direct renin inhibitors are useful in blood pressure control based on their
Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm
,Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf
vasodilating effects
Beta blockers are no longer first line therapy in hypertension and CCBs are acceptable for
patients with HTN especially African Americans
Hypercholesterolemia
Patients should strive for LDL levels less than 100mg and less than 70mg in the very high risk
patients (diabetic, smoker, etc) lifestyle modifications are the first line approach.
Beta blockers can negatively affect triglyceride and LDL levels
Peripheral Vascular Disease
BB's are contraindicated in patients with severe PVD. CCB's are the drug of choice for
patients with angina and PVD
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetic patients with angina should make every attempt to have a near normal A1C
ACE inhibitors are drug of choice
CCBs are also useful because of their lower effects on glucose metabolism, and they also
may have some degree of renal protection
BB's may mask the signs of hypoglycemia
Asthma and COPD
Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm
, Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf
BBs may exacerbate disease but should only be avoided if the patient has severe or
uncontrolled disease
Erectile Dysfunction
related to endothelial dysfunction and vascular damage similar to HTN and angina
*treatment of HTN has also been associated with ED and may affect patient compliance
(BB's and thiazide diuretics are the drug classes most associated with ED)
**Nebivolol is a BB least likely to cause ED and may even improve ED symptoms
***ED meds (Viagra, Cialis) used in combination with nitrates can cause severe vasodilation
resulting in hypotension and syncope.
Chapter 28
Beta Blockers and Diabetes Mellitus
beta blockers decrease insulin secretion and may mask the signs of hypoglycemia.
The one sign that is not masked is diaphoresis, and patients with diabetes who are taking
these drugs should be taught to test their blood glucose levels in the event of a diaphoretic
episode.
Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm.pdf Advanced Pharmacology Midterm
