CEN EXAM Prep | Actual Questions and Answers Latest
Updated 2026/2027 (Graded A+)
• Question
MAP calculation
Correct Answer: [( 2xDBP) + SBP] / 3
• Question
cushing's triad
Correct Answer: widened pulse pressure, bradycardia, and irregular respirations
(indicative of increased ICP)
• Question
chronotropes
Correct Answer: affect the heart rate at the SA node (cardizem)
• Question
inotropes
Correct Answer: affect contractility (dopamine)
• Question
dromotropes
Correct Answer: affect automaticity of the heart
• Question
ACE inhibitors adverse effects
Correct Answer: dry cough, angioedema, renal impairment
• Question
ARB (sartans)
Correct Answer: block angiotensin 2 receptors, resulting in vasodilation
• Question
antidote for vasopressor extravasation
Correct Answer: phentolamine (regitine)
,• Question
Prinzmetal angina
Correct Answer: -episodic CP unrelated to exertion -ST elevation is variant and resolves
when vasospasm resolves
• Question
inferior MI ST elevation
Correct Answer: leads II, III AVF
• Question
Lateral MI ST elevation
Correct Answer: I, AVL, V5, V6
• Question
Anterior ST elevation
Correct Answer: V1-V4
• Question
inferior MI vessel involvement
Correct Answer: RCA (feeds SA and AV nodes)
• Question
inferior MI presentation
Correct Answer: Epigastric pain bradycardia and heart blocks
• Question
anterior MI vessel involvement
Correct Answer: LAD (supplies L ventricle)
• Question
anterior MI presentation
Correct Answer: I. crushing CP
II. "I can't breathe"
III. Ventricular failure and arrhythmias
• Question
right ventricle-involved MI
Correct Answer: -get right sided ekg -NO nitro or morphine`
,• Question
tx for MI
Correct Answer: I. oxygen
II. aspirin
III. nitroglycerin
IV. PCI within 90 mins
V. beta-blockers for HTN
**reperfusion dysrhythmias are a good sign with PCI
• Question
aortic dissection BP
Correct Answer: difference of 20 mmHg or more in SBP b/t arms
• Question
aortic dissection tx
Correct Answer: #1 priority is 2 large bore IV's
maintain HR of 60-80 (beta blocker) maintain BP of 100-120 (nitro)
• Question
post ROSC
Correct Answer: I. keep O2 sat 90%
II. CO2 35-45
III. SBP >90
IV. TTM at 32-36 celsius
• Question
medications that cause prolonged QT interval
Correct Answer: I. erythromycin, levofloxacin, cipro
II. haldol
III. tricyclic antidepressants
IV. sotolol, procainamide
V. zofran
• Question
antidote for beta blockers
Correct Answer: glucagon
, • Question
pericarditis (dressler's syndrome)
Correct Answer: retrosternal cp, worse with inspiration, activity and laying flat
relieved by sitting up or leaning forward
diffuse ST elevation in most or all leads (not contiguous)
tx is NSAIDs
• Question
hypertensive emergency/crisis
Correct Answer: I. SBP >180 or DBP >120
II. AND
III. evidence of impending end-organ damage
• Question
hypertensive emergency tx
Correct Answer: nitroglycerin or nitroprusside slowly to decrease bp by 25% in first 2
hours of tx
• Question
cardiac tamponade
Correct Answer: pericardial sac accumulates excess fluid, causing obstructive shock
Beck's Triad: muffled heart sounds, hypotension, JVD
• Question
risk factors for DVT
Correct Answer: Stasis, endothelial injury and hypercoagulability (Virchow's triad)
• Question
non-invasive positive pressure ventilation contraindications
Correct Answer: risk of aspiration hypotension
• Question
succinylcholine contraindications
Correct Answer: hyperkalemia, crush injuries, renal failure, burns, malignant
hyperthermia, increased ICP, neuromuscular disorders
Updated 2026/2027 (Graded A+)
• Question
MAP calculation
Correct Answer: [( 2xDBP) + SBP] / 3
• Question
cushing's triad
Correct Answer: widened pulse pressure, bradycardia, and irregular respirations
(indicative of increased ICP)
• Question
chronotropes
Correct Answer: affect the heart rate at the SA node (cardizem)
• Question
inotropes
Correct Answer: affect contractility (dopamine)
• Question
dromotropes
Correct Answer: affect automaticity of the heart
• Question
ACE inhibitors adverse effects
Correct Answer: dry cough, angioedema, renal impairment
• Question
ARB (sartans)
Correct Answer: block angiotensin 2 receptors, resulting in vasodilation
• Question
antidote for vasopressor extravasation
Correct Answer: phentolamine (regitine)
,• Question
Prinzmetal angina
Correct Answer: -episodic CP unrelated to exertion -ST elevation is variant and resolves
when vasospasm resolves
• Question
inferior MI ST elevation
Correct Answer: leads II, III AVF
• Question
Lateral MI ST elevation
Correct Answer: I, AVL, V5, V6
• Question
Anterior ST elevation
Correct Answer: V1-V4
• Question
inferior MI vessel involvement
Correct Answer: RCA (feeds SA and AV nodes)
• Question
inferior MI presentation
Correct Answer: Epigastric pain bradycardia and heart blocks
• Question
anterior MI vessel involvement
Correct Answer: LAD (supplies L ventricle)
• Question
anterior MI presentation
Correct Answer: I. crushing CP
II. "I can't breathe"
III. Ventricular failure and arrhythmias
• Question
right ventricle-involved MI
Correct Answer: -get right sided ekg -NO nitro or morphine`
,• Question
tx for MI
Correct Answer: I. oxygen
II. aspirin
III. nitroglycerin
IV. PCI within 90 mins
V. beta-blockers for HTN
**reperfusion dysrhythmias are a good sign with PCI
• Question
aortic dissection BP
Correct Answer: difference of 20 mmHg or more in SBP b/t arms
• Question
aortic dissection tx
Correct Answer: #1 priority is 2 large bore IV's
maintain HR of 60-80 (beta blocker) maintain BP of 100-120 (nitro)
• Question
post ROSC
Correct Answer: I. keep O2 sat 90%
II. CO2 35-45
III. SBP >90
IV. TTM at 32-36 celsius
• Question
medications that cause prolonged QT interval
Correct Answer: I. erythromycin, levofloxacin, cipro
II. haldol
III. tricyclic antidepressants
IV. sotolol, procainamide
V. zofran
• Question
antidote for beta blockers
Correct Answer: glucagon
, • Question
pericarditis (dressler's syndrome)
Correct Answer: retrosternal cp, worse with inspiration, activity and laying flat
relieved by sitting up or leaning forward
diffuse ST elevation in most or all leads (not contiguous)
tx is NSAIDs
• Question
hypertensive emergency/crisis
Correct Answer: I. SBP >180 or DBP >120
II. AND
III. evidence of impending end-organ damage
• Question
hypertensive emergency tx
Correct Answer: nitroglycerin or nitroprusside slowly to decrease bp by 25% in first 2
hours of tx
• Question
cardiac tamponade
Correct Answer: pericardial sac accumulates excess fluid, causing obstructive shock
Beck's Triad: muffled heart sounds, hypotension, JVD
• Question
risk factors for DVT
Correct Answer: Stasis, endothelial injury and hypercoagulability (Virchow's triad)
• Question
non-invasive positive pressure ventilation contraindications
Correct Answer: risk of aspiration hypotension
• Question
succinylcholine contraindications
Correct Answer: hyperkalemia, crush injuries, renal failure, burns, malignant
hyperthermia, increased ICP, neuromuscular disorders
