Exam 1 - NCOI Questions with Verified Answers (Correct Update)
Question 1: What is the mist accurate way for the nurse to evaluate fluid balance?
Answer: Daily Weights
Question 2: What can be a indicator of fluid and electrolyte imbalances?
Answer: Decreased alertness since admission
Question 3: What can a change in LOC be a indicator of?
Answer: ECF excess, ECF deficit, hypernatremia, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, or metabolic alkalosis
Question 4: What is the most common history and manifestations consistent with
hypermagnesemia?
Answer: Renal failure Unresponsive to questions Decreased deep tendon reflexes
Question 5: Which is the most important assessment finding of hypocalcemia (<9) to report to
the provider?
Answer: Laryngeal stridor
Question 6: What is the range for hypernatremia?
Answer: >145 mEq/L
Question 7: What is the range for hyponatremia?
Answer: <135 mEq/L
Question 8: What is the patient at risk for with well above normal levels of calcium?
Answer: Cardiac dysrhythmias
Question 9: What action should the nurse take first when the patient history suggests a fluid
volume deficit?
Answer: Check the blood pressure ensuring adequate circulation
Question 10: What is the most urgent concern with possible hypovolemia?
Answer: Decreased BP (systemic hypoperfusion)
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, Question 11: What is a sign of hypokalemia?
Answer: Generalized weakness
Question 12: What is a sign of hypocalcemia?
Answer: Facial muscle spasms
Question 13: If a patient had hypokalemia, what would they be advised to drink?
Answer: Orange juice
Question 14: What is a sign of hyperkalemia?
Answer: Loose stools
Question 15: What should the nurse advise the patient to do when taking spironolactone (a
potassiumsparing drug)?
Answer: Drink apple juice instead of orange juice for breakfast
Question 16: What action should the nurse take when administering IV potassium chloride?
Answer: Infuse the KCL at a maximum rate of 10 meq/hr
Question 17: What is the total protein range?
Answer: 6.4 - 8.3 g/dL
Question 18: What clinical manifestation should the nurse expect with low serum protein level?
Answer: Edema due to a decrease in plasma oncotic pressure and allowing fluid to remain in
interstitial tissues
Question 19: What is a fluid common for correcting hyponatremia?
Answer: 3% NaCl solution (hypertonic)
Question 20: What is most important for the nurse to monitor when administering 3% NaCl
solution?
Answer: Lung sounds due to water retention
Page 2
Question 1: What is the mist accurate way for the nurse to evaluate fluid balance?
Answer: Daily Weights
Question 2: What can be a indicator of fluid and electrolyte imbalances?
Answer: Decreased alertness since admission
Question 3: What can a change in LOC be a indicator of?
Answer: ECF excess, ECF deficit, hypernatremia, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, or metabolic alkalosis
Question 4: What is the most common history and manifestations consistent with
hypermagnesemia?
Answer: Renal failure Unresponsive to questions Decreased deep tendon reflexes
Question 5: Which is the most important assessment finding of hypocalcemia (<9) to report to
the provider?
Answer: Laryngeal stridor
Question 6: What is the range for hypernatremia?
Answer: >145 mEq/L
Question 7: What is the range for hyponatremia?
Answer: <135 mEq/L
Question 8: What is the patient at risk for with well above normal levels of calcium?
Answer: Cardiac dysrhythmias
Question 9: What action should the nurse take first when the patient history suggests a fluid
volume deficit?
Answer: Check the blood pressure ensuring adequate circulation
Question 10: What is the most urgent concern with possible hypovolemia?
Answer: Decreased BP (systemic hypoperfusion)
Page 1
, Question 11: What is a sign of hypokalemia?
Answer: Generalized weakness
Question 12: What is a sign of hypocalcemia?
Answer: Facial muscle spasms
Question 13: If a patient had hypokalemia, what would they be advised to drink?
Answer: Orange juice
Question 14: What is a sign of hyperkalemia?
Answer: Loose stools
Question 15: What should the nurse advise the patient to do when taking spironolactone (a
potassiumsparing drug)?
Answer: Drink apple juice instead of orange juice for breakfast
Question 16: What action should the nurse take when administering IV potassium chloride?
Answer: Infuse the KCL at a maximum rate of 10 meq/hr
Question 17: What is the total protein range?
Answer: 6.4 - 8.3 g/dL
Question 18: What clinical manifestation should the nurse expect with low serum protein level?
Answer: Edema due to a decrease in plasma oncotic pressure and allowing fluid to remain in
interstitial tissues
Question 19: What is a fluid common for correcting hyponatremia?
Answer: 3% NaCl solution (hypertonic)
Question 20: What is most important for the nurse to monitor when administering 3% NaCl
solution?
Answer: Lung sounds due to water retention
Page 2
