NSG 3500 Labor and
Delivery
1. The process of labor and birth: Powers (physiological forces, primary [contractions]
secondary [maternal pushing])
Passagway
Passenger
Passageway + Passenger
Psychosocial influences
2. Frequency of contractions: beginning of one contraction to the beginning of the next
3. Duration of contraction: The length of a contraction, measured from the beginning to its
completion
4. Tocodynamometer: An external instrument for measuring the force of uterine
contractions using a pressure sensitive device that is applied against the uterine fundus.
5. Intrauterine Pressure Catheter (IUPC): A catheter that can be placed through the
cervix into the uterus to measure uterine pressure during labor. Some types of catheters may be
inserted for the purpose of infusing warmed saline to add additional intrauterine fluid when
oligohydramnios (not enough amniotic fluid) is present.
6. According to the IUPC, the normal resting tone of the uterus.:
Between 10 to 12
mm Hg
7. According to the IUPC, the acme of the contraction during early
labor.: From 25 to 40 mm Hg
8. According to the IUPC, the acme of the contraction during active
labor: From 50 to 70 mm Hg
9. According to the IUPC, the acme of the contraction during the
transition phase of labor: From 70 to 90 mm Hg
10. According to the IUPC, the acme of the contraction during
the pushing phase of the second stage of labor: From 70 to 100 mm
Hg
11. Parts of a contraction: increment, acme, decrement
12. True labor contractions: Stronger, last longer, more frequent, felt in lower back
radiating to ab-domen,doesn't decrease with comfort measures, walking can increase intensity,
cervix shows progressive change
13. False labor contractions: Decrease in frequency, duration, and intensity, often
painless, irregular frequency, felt in lower back or abdomen above umbilicus, often stop with sleep
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Delivery
or comfort measures, no cervical change with these contractions
14. fetal lie: relationship of the long axis of the fetus to the long axis of the mother
15. Fetal lie: longitudinal: The head to tailbone axis of the fetus is the same as the
mother's
16. fetal lie: transverse: The head to tailbone axis of the fetus is at a 90-degree angle
of the mother
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, NSG 3500 Labor and
Delivery
17. Fetal lie
Oblique: the unstable line is diagonal and most change themselves to a longitudinal lie or transverse
lie if transverse can't be born vaginally
18. fetal attitude: relationship of fetal body parts to one another
19. Fetal attitude: vertex: Flexion The fetal head is flexed so that the chin touches the
chest., the arms are flexed and folded across the chest, the thighs are flexed on the abdomen, and
the calves are flexed against the posterior aspects of the thighs.
20. Fetal attitude: moderate flexion: Military position
21. Fetal attitude: Extension of the chin: Brow or mentum presentation
22. Fetal presentation: the fetal part that enters the pelvic inlet first and leads through
the birth canal during labor
23. Fetal presentation :Cephalic: Identifies that the fetal head will be first to come into
contact with the maternal cervix
24. Fetal presentation: breech: Fetal buttocks enter the maternal pelvis first.
25. Frank breech presentation: buttocks present, fetal hips are flexed and knees are
extended. Fetal feet are up by the head.
26. Complete breech presentation: Buttocks present first, fetal hips and knees are
flexed, lower legs crossed
27. Footling breech: Extension of one or both thighs and legs so that one or both feet
are presenting at the cervix.
28. Shoulder presentation: long axis of baby's body is across the long axis of the
mother's body; shoulder is presented at the cervical opening
29. Engagement (fetal presentation): point at which the widest diameter (biparietal
diameter) of fetus has passed through inlet of maternal pelvis, usually before term, determined by
vaginal exam, primigravida (2 weeks before estimated due date), multigravida (can be weeks before
estimated due date)
30. Fetal station: Location of the presenting part in relation to the midpelvis or ischial
spines; expressed as cm
above or below the spines; station 0 is engaged, station -2 is 2 cm above the ischial spines, station +2
is 2 cm below the ischial spines
31. Fetal position: the relationship of the occiput, sacrum, chin, or scapula of the fetus to
the front, back, or
sides of the mother's pelvis
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Delivery
1. The process of labor and birth: Powers (physiological forces, primary [contractions]
secondary [maternal pushing])
Passagway
Passenger
Passageway + Passenger
Psychosocial influences
2. Frequency of contractions: beginning of one contraction to the beginning of the next
3. Duration of contraction: The length of a contraction, measured from the beginning to its
completion
4. Tocodynamometer: An external instrument for measuring the force of uterine
contractions using a pressure sensitive device that is applied against the uterine fundus.
5. Intrauterine Pressure Catheter (IUPC): A catheter that can be placed through the
cervix into the uterus to measure uterine pressure during labor. Some types of catheters may be
inserted for the purpose of infusing warmed saline to add additional intrauterine fluid when
oligohydramnios (not enough amniotic fluid) is present.
6. According to the IUPC, the normal resting tone of the uterus.:
Between 10 to 12
mm Hg
7. According to the IUPC, the acme of the contraction during early
labor.: From 25 to 40 mm Hg
8. According to the IUPC, the acme of the contraction during active
labor: From 50 to 70 mm Hg
9. According to the IUPC, the acme of the contraction during the
transition phase of labor: From 70 to 90 mm Hg
10. According to the IUPC, the acme of the contraction during
the pushing phase of the second stage of labor: From 70 to 100 mm
Hg
11. Parts of a contraction: increment, acme, decrement
12. True labor contractions: Stronger, last longer, more frequent, felt in lower back
radiating to ab-domen,doesn't decrease with comfort measures, walking can increase intensity,
cervix shows progressive change
13. False labor contractions: Decrease in frequency, duration, and intensity, often
painless, irregular frequency, felt in lower back or abdomen above umbilicus, often stop with sleep
1/
17
, NSG 3500 Labor and
Delivery
or comfort measures, no cervical change with these contractions
14. fetal lie: relationship of the long axis of the fetus to the long axis of the mother
15. Fetal lie: longitudinal: The head to tailbone axis of the fetus is the same as the
mother's
16. fetal lie: transverse: The head to tailbone axis of the fetus is at a 90-degree angle
of the mother
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, NSG 3500 Labor and
Delivery
17. Fetal lie
Oblique: the unstable line is diagonal and most change themselves to a longitudinal lie or transverse
lie if transverse can't be born vaginally
18. fetal attitude: relationship of fetal body parts to one another
19. Fetal attitude: vertex: Flexion The fetal head is flexed so that the chin touches the
chest., the arms are flexed and folded across the chest, the thighs are flexed on the abdomen, and
the calves are flexed against the posterior aspects of the thighs.
20. Fetal attitude: moderate flexion: Military position
21. Fetal attitude: Extension of the chin: Brow or mentum presentation
22. Fetal presentation: the fetal part that enters the pelvic inlet first and leads through
the birth canal during labor
23. Fetal presentation :Cephalic: Identifies that the fetal head will be first to come into
contact with the maternal cervix
24. Fetal presentation: breech: Fetal buttocks enter the maternal pelvis first.
25. Frank breech presentation: buttocks present, fetal hips are flexed and knees are
extended. Fetal feet are up by the head.
26. Complete breech presentation: Buttocks present first, fetal hips and knees are
flexed, lower legs crossed
27. Footling breech: Extension of one or both thighs and legs so that one or both feet
are presenting at the cervix.
28. Shoulder presentation: long axis of baby's body is across the long axis of the
mother's body; shoulder is presented at the cervical opening
29. Engagement (fetal presentation): point at which the widest diameter (biparietal
diameter) of fetus has passed through inlet of maternal pelvis, usually before term, determined by
vaginal exam, primigravida (2 weeks before estimated due date), multigravida (can be weeks before
estimated due date)
30. Fetal station: Location of the presenting part in relation to the midpelvis or ischial
spines; expressed as cm
above or below the spines; station 0 is engaged, station -2 is 2 cm above the ischial spines, station +2
is 2 cm below the ischial spines
31. Fetal position: the relationship of the occiput, sacrum, chin, or scapula of the fetus to
the front, back, or
sides of the mother's pelvis
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