COMSAE LEVEL 2 111 COMPLETE COURSE
REVIEW GUIDE
◉ How should a pregnant patient be positioned?
Answer: Elevate the right hip to reduce pressure from the uterus on
major blood vessels.
◉ When should a pregnant surgical patient be anesthetized?
Answer: As late as safely possible according to the
surgical/anesthesia plan.
◉ What special considerations may be needed for a patient with an
unhealthy or high BMI?
Answer: Extra positioning devices, additional support, specialized
beds/equipment, and attention to associated conditions such as high
blood pressure.
◉ What is behavior in response to illness?
Answer: A person's physical and psychosocial response to stimuli in
an attempt to maintain homeostasis.
◉ How may some people respond emotionally to surgery?
,Answer: With extreme fear, helplessness, or anxiety even when the
procedure is relatively safe.
◉ What is adaptation?
Answer: Physiological and psychosocial changes made in response
to changes from a person's normal daily life.
◉ Why does illness require adaptation?
Answer: Illness disrupts normal living and equilibrium.
◉ What is stress?
Answer: Physical, chemical, or emotional factors that cause tension.
◉ What causes stress?
Answer: The perception of a threat, which may produce
psychological, physiological, or psychosocial changes.
◉ Can stress ever be beneficial?
Answer: Yes. Some degree of stress can be beneficial.
◉ What is eustress?
Answer: Positive or beneficial stress.
,◉ What is distress?
Answer: Negative stress that can strain an individual's coping ability.
◉ What are intrinsic stress factors?
Answer: Factors originating from within the individual.
◉ What are examples of intrinsic stress factors?
Answer: Hereditary/genetic factors, nature of the illness or disease,
stigma, and age.
◉ How may children respond to illness?
Answer: They may feel threatened.
◉ How may adolescents respond to illness?
Answer: They may resent interruption of activities and be highly
aware of body-image changes.
◉ What are extrinsic stress factors?
Answer: Stressors originating from outside the individual.
◉ What are examples of extrinsic stress factors?
, Answer: Environment, family role/status, finances, religion, cultural
background, education, social class, and social relationships.
◉ What is anxiety?
Answer: Apprehensive uneasiness, tension, uncertainty, or concern
caused by anticipation of a real or imagined threat.
◉ What are physical manifestations of anxiety?
Answer: Rapid pulse, rapid respirations, dry mouth, rapid eye
movement, dilated pupils, clammy skin, and skeletal muscle rigidity.
◉ What are communication or mental manifestations of anxiety?
Answer: Stuttering, word blockage, and confusion.
◉ What is a psychosomatic illness?
Answer: An illness resulting from a combination of physiological and
emotional factors that can cause physical or structural changes.
◉ What is an example of a psychosomatic illness?
Answer: Stomach ulcers.
◉ How should a highly anxious surgical patient be considered?
Answer: A high-risk patient.
REVIEW GUIDE
◉ How should a pregnant patient be positioned?
Answer: Elevate the right hip to reduce pressure from the uterus on
major blood vessels.
◉ When should a pregnant surgical patient be anesthetized?
Answer: As late as safely possible according to the
surgical/anesthesia plan.
◉ What special considerations may be needed for a patient with an
unhealthy or high BMI?
Answer: Extra positioning devices, additional support, specialized
beds/equipment, and attention to associated conditions such as high
blood pressure.
◉ What is behavior in response to illness?
Answer: A person's physical and psychosocial response to stimuli in
an attempt to maintain homeostasis.
◉ How may some people respond emotionally to surgery?
,Answer: With extreme fear, helplessness, or anxiety even when the
procedure is relatively safe.
◉ What is adaptation?
Answer: Physiological and psychosocial changes made in response
to changes from a person's normal daily life.
◉ Why does illness require adaptation?
Answer: Illness disrupts normal living and equilibrium.
◉ What is stress?
Answer: Physical, chemical, or emotional factors that cause tension.
◉ What causes stress?
Answer: The perception of a threat, which may produce
psychological, physiological, or psychosocial changes.
◉ Can stress ever be beneficial?
Answer: Yes. Some degree of stress can be beneficial.
◉ What is eustress?
Answer: Positive or beneficial stress.
,◉ What is distress?
Answer: Negative stress that can strain an individual's coping ability.
◉ What are intrinsic stress factors?
Answer: Factors originating from within the individual.
◉ What are examples of intrinsic stress factors?
Answer: Hereditary/genetic factors, nature of the illness or disease,
stigma, and age.
◉ How may children respond to illness?
Answer: They may feel threatened.
◉ How may adolescents respond to illness?
Answer: They may resent interruption of activities and be highly
aware of body-image changes.
◉ What are extrinsic stress factors?
Answer: Stressors originating from outside the individual.
◉ What are examples of extrinsic stress factors?
, Answer: Environment, family role/status, finances, religion, cultural
background, education, social class, and social relationships.
◉ What is anxiety?
Answer: Apprehensive uneasiness, tension, uncertainty, or concern
caused by anticipation of a real or imagined threat.
◉ What are physical manifestations of anxiety?
Answer: Rapid pulse, rapid respirations, dry mouth, rapid eye
movement, dilated pupils, clammy skin, and skeletal muscle rigidity.
◉ What are communication or mental manifestations of anxiety?
Answer: Stuttering, word blockage, and confusion.
◉ What is a psychosomatic illness?
Answer: An illness resulting from a combination of physiological and
emotional factors that can cause physical or structural changes.
◉ What is an example of a psychosomatic illness?
Answer: Stomach ulcers.
◉ How should a highly anxious surgical patient be considered?
Answer: A high-risk patient.
