BIOD 171 or BIOL271 Microbiology w/Lab 2025 | Module 1 Exam
Review | LockDown Browser | Portage Learning
1. The smallest biological unit capable of carrying out 6. Louis Pasteur's swan-neck flask experiments
life processes is the provided evidence against
molecule natural selection
✓ cell cell theory
organelle ✓ spontaneous generation
tissue evolution
2. A virus is best described as a 7. Robert Koch is most closely associated with
eukaryotic cell the discovery of mitochondria
prokaryotic cell ✓ Koch's postulates linking microbes to disease
type of bacterium the discovery of DNA structure
✓ microbe but not a cellular microorganism the invention of Gram staining
3. Which group contains prokaryotic organisms? 8. Joseph Lister promoted the use of
✓ Bacteria and Archaea PCR
Fungi and Protists electron microscopy
Fungi and Animals ✓ antiseptic procedures in surgery
Plants and Animals vaccination against smallpox
4. Which feature is characteristic of eukaryotic cells 9. Which set lists the four major classes of biological
but absent from prokaryotic cells? macromolecules?
✓ A membrane-bound nucleus Vitamins, minerals, water, salts
DNA Proteins, steroids, ions, water
A plasma membrane ✓ Proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates
Ribosomes DNA, ATP, glucose, oxygen
5. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek is important to 10. Proteins are polymers primarily composed of
microbiology because he ✓ amino acids
developed the germ theory monosaccharides
invented the electron microscope nucleotides
✓ first observed living microorganisms with simple fatty acids
microscopes
discovered penicillin
1
,BIOD 171 or BIOL271 Microbiology w/Lab 2025 | Module 1 Exam
Review | LockDown Browser | Portage Learning
11. The monomers of nucleic acids are 16. The nucleoid of a typical bacterium is
monosaccharides ✓ the region containing the chromosome without a
surrounding nuclear membrane
glycerol molecules a membrane-bound nucleus
amino acids a lysosome
✓ nucleotides a ribosome
12. Glucose is a 17. The primary function of ribosomes is
nucleotide ✓ protein synthesis
✓ monosaccharide DNA degradation
polypeptide lipid storage
disaccharide ATP production
Bacterial cell 18. The mitochondrion is most directly associated with
cell wall synthesis
nucleoid DNA ✓ ATP generation through cellular respiration
protein secretion
DNA packaging into chromosomes
19. The lysosome contains enzymes used mainly for
✓ intracellular digestion
cell envelope ATP synthesis
DNA replication
photosynthesis
13. How many carbon atoms are present in one
molecule of glucose? 20. The Golgi apparatus is most directly involved in
12 bacterial motility
4 ✓ modifying and sorting proteins and lipids
5 chromosome separation
✓ 6 DNA replication
14. The main structural component of most
phospholipid bilayers is
cellulose
chitin
peptidoglycan
✓ phospholipids
15. An essential amino acid is one that
is found only in bacteria
✓ must be obtained from the diet because the body
cannot synthesize enough of it
cannot be obtained from food
contains no nitrogen
2
, BIOD 171 or BIOL271 Microbiology w/Lab 2025 | Module 1 Exam
Review | LockDown Browser | Portage Learning
21. The nucleus of a eukaryotic cell primarily contains 26. A molecule moving from high concentration to low
✓ the nuclear envelope and genetic material concentration without cellular energy is undergoing
ribosomes only active transport
the cell wall ✓ diffusion
peptidoglycan endocytosis
exocytosis
22. A structure found in both prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells is 27. Movement of water across a selectively permeable
a membrane-bound nucleus membrane is called
Golgi apparatus translation
fermentation
✓ ribosomes
mitochondria ✓ osmosis
replication
23. In a phospholipid bilayer, hydrophilic heads
generally face 28. The three domains of cellular life are
only the nucleus Animalia, Plantae, Fungi
the hydrophobic core Bacteria, Protista, Animalia
one another in the center Protista, Fungi, Plantae
✓ the aqueous environments ✓ Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
24. In a phospholipid bilayer, hydrophobic tails 29. Which domain contains organisms with prokaryotic
generally face cell organization?
the aqueous exterior Eukarya and Bacteria only
the aqueous cytoplasm Animals and Fungi
✓ toward the interior of the bilayer Eukarya only
the cell wall ✓ Bacteria and Archaea
25. The plasma membrane is best described as 30. Which is a eukaryotic group?
✓ a selectively permeable phospholipid bilayer with None of these
proteins
a rigid carbohydrate layer ✓ Fungi
a DNA shell Bacteria
a peptidoglycan capsule Archaea
3
Review | LockDown Browser | Portage Learning
1. The smallest biological unit capable of carrying out 6. Louis Pasteur's swan-neck flask experiments
life processes is the provided evidence against
molecule natural selection
✓ cell cell theory
organelle ✓ spontaneous generation
tissue evolution
2. A virus is best described as a 7. Robert Koch is most closely associated with
eukaryotic cell the discovery of mitochondria
prokaryotic cell ✓ Koch's postulates linking microbes to disease
type of bacterium the discovery of DNA structure
✓ microbe but not a cellular microorganism the invention of Gram staining
3. Which group contains prokaryotic organisms? 8. Joseph Lister promoted the use of
✓ Bacteria and Archaea PCR
Fungi and Protists electron microscopy
Fungi and Animals ✓ antiseptic procedures in surgery
Plants and Animals vaccination against smallpox
4. Which feature is characteristic of eukaryotic cells 9. Which set lists the four major classes of biological
but absent from prokaryotic cells? macromolecules?
✓ A membrane-bound nucleus Vitamins, minerals, water, salts
DNA Proteins, steroids, ions, water
A plasma membrane ✓ Proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates
Ribosomes DNA, ATP, glucose, oxygen
5. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek is important to 10. Proteins are polymers primarily composed of
microbiology because he ✓ amino acids
developed the germ theory monosaccharides
invented the electron microscope nucleotides
✓ first observed living microorganisms with simple fatty acids
microscopes
discovered penicillin
1
,BIOD 171 or BIOL271 Microbiology w/Lab 2025 | Module 1 Exam
Review | LockDown Browser | Portage Learning
11. The monomers of nucleic acids are 16. The nucleoid of a typical bacterium is
monosaccharides ✓ the region containing the chromosome without a
surrounding nuclear membrane
glycerol molecules a membrane-bound nucleus
amino acids a lysosome
✓ nucleotides a ribosome
12. Glucose is a 17. The primary function of ribosomes is
nucleotide ✓ protein synthesis
✓ monosaccharide DNA degradation
polypeptide lipid storage
disaccharide ATP production
Bacterial cell 18. The mitochondrion is most directly associated with
cell wall synthesis
nucleoid DNA ✓ ATP generation through cellular respiration
protein secretion
DNA packaging into chromosomes
19. The lysosome contains enzymes used mainly for
✓ intracellular digestion
cell envelope ATP synthesis
DNA replication
photosynthesis
13. How many carbon atoms are present in one
molecule of glucose? 20. The Golgi apparatus is most directly involved in
12 bacterial motility
4 ✓ modifying and sorting proteins and lipids
5 chromosome separation
✓ 6 DNA replication
14. The main structural component of most
phospholipid bilayers is
cellulose
chitin
peptidoglycan
✓ phospholipids
15. An essential amino acid is one that
is found only in bacteria
✓ must be obtained from the diet because the body
cannot synthesize enough of it
cannot be obtained from food
contains no nitrogen
2
, BIOD 171 or BIOL271 Microbiology w/Lab 2025 | Module 1 Exam
Review | LockDown Browser | Portage Learning
21. The nucleus of a eukaryotic cell primarily contains 26. A molecule moving from high concentration to low
✓ the nuclear envelope and genetic material concentration without cellular energy is undergoing
ribosomes only active transport
the cell wall ✓ diffusion
peptidoglycan endocytosis
exocytosis
22. A structure found in both prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells is 27. Movement of water across a selectively permeable
a membrane-bound nucleus membrane is called
Golgi apparatus translation
fermentation
✓ ribosomes
mitochondria ✓ osmosis
replication
23. In a phospholipid bilayer, hydrophilic heads
generally face 28. The three domains of cellular life are
only the nucleus Animalia, Plantae, Fungi
the hydrophobic core Bacteria, Protista, Animalia
one another in the center Protista, Fungi, Plantae
✓ the aqueous environments ✓ Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
24. In a phospholipid bilayer, hydrophobic tails 29. Which domain contains organisms with prokaryotic
generally face cell organization?
the aqueous exterior Eukarya and Bacteria only
the aqueous cytoplasm Animals and Fungi
✓ toward the interior of the bilayer Eukarya only
the cell wall ✓ Bacteria and Archaea
25. The plasma membrane is best described as 30. Which is a eukaryotic group?
✓ a selectively permeable phospholipid bilayer with None of these
proteins
a rigid carbohydrate layer ✓ Fungi
a DNA shell Bacteria
a peptidoglycan capsule Archaea
3
