EXSS 380- Final Exam Questions With
100% Correct And Complete Answers
2026-2027 Update.
The _____ area of the cerebral cortex is responsible for integration & interpretation of
information from the peripheral receptors. - Answer somatosensory association
The precentral gyrus is composed of the _____, while the postcentral gyrus is composed of the
_____. - Answer primary motor area; somatosensory area
The area of the somatosensory cortex representing the fingers is relatively _____, that of the
toes is relatively _____. - Answer large; small
The majority of neural tracts are transferred to the opposite of the CNS (decussation) near the
_____. - Answer medulla oblongata
The cerebellum has outputs to all of the following except _____. - Answer alpha-
motorneurons
Neurons which transmit information toward the central nervous system are _____. - Answer
afferent
The neurotransmitter associated with skeletal muscle depolarization is _____. - Answer
acetylcholine
Depletion of _____ is associated with Parkinson's disease. - Answer dopamine
Input to the soma is achieved via the _____, while output is achieved via that _____. - Answer
dendrite; axon
When at rest, the intracellular space (inside the membrane) is _____ charged relative to the
extracellular space (outside the membrane). - Answer negatively
In general, a change in selective membrane permeability to _____ begins the chain reaction
that results in membrane depolarization. - Answer Na+
,The motor units associated with the muscles that control eye movements have a _____
innervation ration, and those of the quadriceps have a _____ inneravation ration. - Answer
low; high
Which type of muscle fiber is activated initially during muscle contraction? - Answer type I
A homunculus best refers to which of the following? - Answer somatotopic organization of
somatosensory & motor cortical areas
According to Donder's Subtractive Theory, which of the following experimental conditions
produces the longest reaction time? - Answer choice reaction time tests
If multiple sensory inputs are processed simultaneously, they are said to be processed in _____.
- Answer parallel
Kinesthesia refers to _____. - Answer sensation of joint motion
_____ provide efferent innervation of the muscle spindle. - Answer gamma-motorneurons
Whereas a _____ loop system utilizes peripheral information/feedback in the generation of
appropriate motor responses, an _____ loop system is preprogrammed in nature. - Answer
closed; open
Which of the following is an example of an open loop system? - Answer anticipatory postural
adjustments (preprogrammed)
Which of the following involves the highest level of processing by the CNS? - Answer long-
latency stretch reflex
An occupational therapist finds that practicing activities of daily living in the clinical setting
transfers to improved efficiency in these same tasks in the patient's home. This is an example of
_____. - Answer near transfer
During which stage of motor learning would we expect to see improvements in movement
consistency? - Answer motor stage
A motor learning researcher has subjects perform practice trials of a single task for a period of
10 minutes, followed by a 10 minute rest period, followed by another 10 minutes of practice
trials. This is an example of _____ practice. - Answer distributed
,All of the following are examples of process measures used to assess motor learning except
_____. - Answer accuracy
A motor learning researcher has subjects perform 10 practice trials during which the task being
practiced alternates continuously from Task 1 to Task 2. This is an example of _____ practice. -
Answer random
A motor learning researcher is interested in determining the optimal practice methods for
improving transfer of learning. If the transfer test involves an isometric quadriceps contraction
to 50% max, which of the following practice scenarios would result in the greatest performance
on the transfer test? - Answer 50 trials of isometric quadriceps contraction to 20, 40, 60, 80%
max (200 total trials)
A physical therapist has a stroke patient perform 12 trials of task during which the patient is
required to pick up an object. The therapist continuously changes the characteristics of the
object being grasped (weight, width, etc.). This is an example of _____ practice. - Answer
varied
A motor learning researcher is interested in evaluating the effects of variable vs. continuous
practice on motor skill acquisition. Subjects practice a joint position reproduction task that
involves reproducing an angle of 35 degrees of knee flexion. If she assesses the extent of
learning following the acquisition phase, which of the following should she use at the retention
test? - Answer reproducing 35 degrees of knee flexion
The persistence of task performance following the absence of practice refers to _____. - Answer
retention
In the spinalized cat with transected dorsal roots, the velocity of walking gate on a treadmill is
determined by - Answer the amplitude of electrical stimulation of the spinal cord
sensory information from ___ is ensemble coded to provide force sense - Answer type 1b
afferents and cutaneous receptors
in which group would we expect to see the largest H-reflex? - Answer elderly adults
the semicircular canals are sensitive to - Answer angular acceleration of the head
the ability to maintain the body's center of motion within a stable base of support refers to -
Answer static postural control
, the response selection stage of information processing takes place in - Answer short-term
memory
joint position sense refers to - Answer proprioception
ensemble coding refers to - Answer integration of multiple sensory inputs into a single stream
which of the following involves the highest level of processing by the CNS? - Answer long-
latency stretch reflex
which of the following is an example of an open loop system? - Answer anticipatory postural
adjustments
which of the following is an example of a closed loop system? - Answer autogenic inhibition
What stage of information processing is most likely influenced by an experiment where reaction
time is observed to increase as the number of movement parts increased? - Answer response
programming
a mechanical stimulus applied on a spinalized cat's paw during the swing phase of gait would
result in - Answer extensor inhibition and flexor excitation
a lesion/injury to the motor cortex would likely have the greatest effect on which of the
following locomotive functions? - Answer ability to step over an obstacle
all of the following are invariant features of motor programs except - Answer overall duration
the utricle is sensitive to - Answer linear acceleration of the head
all of the following are parameters of motor programs except - Answer relative force
the absence of sensory input refers to - Answer deafferentation
which of the following does not likely involve a CPG? - Answer postural control
which of the following muscles would turn on first during shoulder flexion while standing? -
Answer soleus
100% Correct And Complete Answers
2026-2027 Update.
The _____ area of the cerebral cortex is responsible for integration & interpretation of
information from the peripheral receptors. - Answer somatosensory association
The precentral gyrus is composed of the _____, while the postcentral gyrus is composed of the
_____. - Answer primary motor area; somatosensory area
The area of the somatosensory cortex representing the fingers is relatively _____, that of the
toes is relatively _____. - Answer large; small
The majority of neural tracts are transferred to the opposite of the CNS (decussation) near the
_____. - Answer medulla oblongata
The cerebellum has outputs to all of the following except _____. - Answer alpha-
motorneurons
Neurons which transmit information toward the central nervous system are _____. - Answer
afferent
The neurotransmitter associated with skeletal muscle depolarization is _____. - Answer
acetylcholine
Depletion of _____ is associated with Parkinson's disease. - Answer dopamine
Input to the soma is achieved via the _____, while output is achieved via that _____. - Answer
dendrite; axon
When at rest, the intracellular space (inside the membrane) is _____ charged relative to the
extracellular space (outside the membrane). - Answer negatively
In general, a change in selective membrane permeability to _____ begins the chain reaction
that results in membrane depolarization. - Answer Na+
,The motor units associated with the muscles that control eye movements have a _____
innervation ration, and those of the quadriceps have a _____ inneravation ration. - Answer
low; high
Which type of muscle fiber is activated initially during muscle contraction? - Answer type I
A homunculus best refers to which of the following? - Answer somatotopic organization of
somatosensory & motor cortical areas
According to Donder's Subtractive Theory, which of the following experimental conditions
produces the longest reaction time? - Answer choice reaction time tests
If multiple sensory inputs are processed simultaneously, they are said to be processed in _____.
- Answer parallel
Kinesthesia refers to _____. - Answer sensation of joint motion
_____ provide efferent innervation of the muscle spindle. - Answer gamma-motorneurons
Whereas a _____ loop system utilizes peripheral information/feedback in the generation of
appropriate motor responses, an _____ loop system is preprogrammed in nature. - Answer
closed; open
Which of the following is an example of an open loop system? - Answer anticipatory postural
adjustments (preprogrammed)
Which of the following involves the highest level of processing by the CNS? - Answer long-
latency stretch reflex
An occupational therapist finds that practicing activities of daily living in the clinical setting
transfers to improved efficiency in these same tasks in the patient's home. This is an example of
_____. - Answer near transfer
During which stage of motor learning would we expect to see improvements in movement
consistency? - Answer motor stage
A motor learning researcher has subjects perform practice trials of a single task for a period of
10 minutes, followed by a 10 minute rest period, followed by another 10 minutes of practice
trials. This is an example of _____ practice. - Answer distributed
,All of the following are examples of process measures used to assess motor learning except
_____. - Answer accuracy
A motor learning researcher has subjects perform 10 practice trials during which the task being
practiced alternates continuously from Task 1 to Task 2. This is an example of _____ practice. -
Answer random
A motor learning researcher is interested in determining the optimal practice methods for
improving transfer of learning. If the transfer test involves an isometric quadriceps contraction
to 50% max, which of the following practice scenarios would result in the greatest performance
on the transfer test? - Answer 50 trials of isometric quadriceps contraction to 20, 40, 60, 80%
max (200 total trials)
A physical therapist has a stroke patient perform 12 trials of task during which the patient is
required to pick up an object. The therapist continuously changes the characteristics of the
object being grasped (weight, width, etc.). This is an example of _____ practice. - Answer
varied
A motor learning researcher is interested in evaluating the effects of variable vs. continuous
practice on motor skill acquisition. Subjects practice a joint position reproduction task that
involves reproducing an angle of 35 degrees of knee flexion. If she assesses the extent of
learning following the acquisition phase, which of the following should she use at the retention
test? - Answer reproducing 35 degrees of knee flexion
The persistence of task performance following the absence of practice refers to _____. - Answer
retention
In the spinalized cat with transected dorsal roots, the velocity of walking gate on a treadmill is
determined by - Answer the amplitude of electrical stimulation of the spinal cord
sensory information from ___ is ensemble coded to provide force sense - Answer type 1b
afferents and cutaneous receptors
in which group would we expect to see the largest H-reflex? - Answer elderly adults
the semicircular canals are sensitive to - Answer angular acceleration of the head
the ability to maintain the body's center of motion within a stable base of support refers to -
Answer static postural control
, the response selection stage of information processing takes place in - Answer short-term
memory
joint position sense refers to - Answer proprioception
ensemble coding refers to - Answer integration of multiple sensory inputs into a single stream
which of the following involves the highest level of processing by the CNS? - Answer long-
latency stretch reflex
which of the following is an example of an open loop system? - Answer anticipatory postural
adjustments
which of the following is an example of a closed loop system? - Answer autogenic inhibition
What stage of information processing is most likely influenced by an experiment where reaction
time is observed to increase as the number of movement parts increased? - Answer response
programming
a mechanical stimulus applied on a spinalized cat's paw during the swing phase of gait would
result in - Answer extensor inhibition and flexor excitation
a lesion/injury to the motor cortex would likely have the greatest effect on which of the
following locomotive functions? - Answer ability to step over an obstacle
all of the following are invariant features of motor programs except - Answer overall duration
the utricle is sensitive to - Answer linear acceleration of the head
all of the following are parameters of motor programs except - Answer relative force
the absence of sensory input refers to - Answer deafferentation
which of the following does not likely involve a CPG? - Answer postural control
which of the following muscles would turn on first during shoulder flexion while standing? -
Answer soleus
