D236 WGU pathophysiology Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved
D236 WGU
pathophysiology Exam
Questions and Answers
100% Solved
D236 WGU pathophysiology Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved
,D236 WGU pathophysiology Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved
What is Starling's Law of Capillary Starling's Law describes how fluids move across the
forces? capillary membrane. There are two major opposing
forces that act to balance each other, hydrostatic
How does this explain why a pressure (pushing water out of the capillaries) and
nutritionally deficient child would have osmotic pressure (including oncontic pressure, which
edema? pushes fluid into the capillaries).
Both electrolytes and proteins (oncontic pressure) in
the blood affect osmotic pressure, high electrolyte
and protein concentrations in the blood would cause
water to leave the cells and interstitial space and
enter the blood stream to dilute the high
concentrations.
On, the other hand, low electrolyte and protein
concentrations (as seen in a nutritionally deficient
child) would cause water to leave the capillaries and
enter the cells and interstitial fluid which can lead to
edema.
D236 WGU pathophysiology Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved
,D236 WGU pathophysiology Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved
How does the RAAS (Renin- A drop in blood pressure is sensed by the kidneys
Angiotensin-Aldosterone System) triggers prodcution of renin
result in increased blood volume and
increased blood pressure? Renin triggers the liver to produce angiotensinogen,
and converts it into Angiotensin I and angiotensin II
by the enzyme
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II
stimulates peripheral arterial vasoconstriction which
raises BP.
Angiotensin II stimulate the adrenal gland to release
aldosterone, which acts to increase sodium and water
absorption increasing blood volume, while also
increased potassium secretion in urine.
D236 WGU pathophysiology Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved
, D236 WGU pathophysiology Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved
How can hyperkalemia lead to cardiac Normal levels of potassium are between 3.5 and 5.2
arrest? mEq/dL. Hyperkalemia refers to potassium levels
higher that 5.2 mEq/dL.
A major function of potassium is to conduct nerve
impulses in muscles. Too low causes muscle weakness
too much can cause muscle spasms.
This is especially dangerous in the heart muscle and
an irregular heartbeat can cause a heart attack
The body uses the Protein Buffering Any increase or decrease in blood pH can alter the
System, Phosphate Buffering System, structure of the protein (denature), thereby affecting
and Carbonic Acid-Bicarbonate its function as well
System to regulate and maintain
homeostatic pH, what is the
consequence of a pH imbalance
Describe the laboratory findings Normal ABGs (Arterial Blood Gases) Blood pH: 7.35-
associated with metabolic acidosis, 7.45 PCO2: 35-45 mm Hg PO2: 90-100 mm Hg HCO3-:
metabolic alkalosis, respiratory 22-26 mEq/L SaO2: 95-100%
acidosis and respiratory alkalosis. (ie Metabolic acidosis ph less than 7.35 and low HC03.
relative pH and CO2 levels). Metabolic alkolosis ph greater than 7.35 and so is
hco3 both of these can be caused my dka. if the ph
and pco2 levels are going in the same direction it is
metabolic if they are going in a different direction it is
respiratory
Respiratory alkolosis ph greater than 7.35and pco2 is
decreased. repsiratory acidosis is ph less than 7.35
and pco2 greater than
D236 WGU pathophysiology Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved
D236 WGU
pathophysiology Exam
Questions and Answers
100% Solved
D236 WGU pathophysiology Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved
,D236 WGU pathophysiology Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved
What is Starling's Law of Capillary Starling's Law describes how fluids move across the
forces? capillary membrane. There are two major opposing
forces that act to balance each other, hydrostatic
How does this explain why a pressure (pushing water out of the capillaries) and
nutritionally deficient child would have osmotic pressure (including oncontic pressure, which
edema? pushes fluid into the capillaries).
Both electrolytes and proteins (oncontic pressure) in
the blood affect osmotic pressure, high electrolyte
and protein concentrations in the blood would cause
water to leave the cells and interstitial space and
enter the blood stream to dilute the high
concentrations.
On, the other hand, low electrolyte and protein
concentrations (as seen in a nutritionally deficient
child) would cause water to leave the capillaries and
enter the cells and interstitial fluid which can lead to
edema.
D236 WGU pathophysiology Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved
,D236 WGU pathophysiology Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved
How does the RAAS (Renin- A drop in blood pressure is sensed by the kidneys
Angiotensin-Aldosterone System) triggers prodcution of renin
result in increased blood volume and
increased blood pressure? Renin triggers the liver to produce angiotensinogen,
and converts it into Angiotensin I and angiotensin II
by the enzyme
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II
stimulates peripheral arterial vasoconstriction which
raises BP.
Angiotensin II stimulate the adrenal gland to release
aldosterone, which acts to increase sodium and water
absorption increasing blood volume, while also
increased potassium secretion in urine.
D236 WGU pathophysiology Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved
, D236 WGU pathophysiology Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved
How can hyperkalemia lead to cardiac Normal levels of potassium are between 3.5 and 5.2
arrest? mEq/dL. Hyperkalemia refers to potassium levels
higher that 5.2 mEq/dL.
A major function of potassium is to conduct nerve
impulses in muscles. Too low causes muscle weakness
too much can cause muscle spasms.
This is especially dangerous in the heart muscle and
an irregular heartbeat can cause a heart attack
The body uses the Protein Buffering Any increase or decrease in blood pH can alter the
System, Phosphate Buffering System, structure of the protein (denature), thereby affecting
and Carbonic Acid-Bicarbonate its function as well
System to regulate and maintain
homeostatic pH, what is the
consequence of a pH imbalance
Describe the laboratory findings Normal ABGs (Arterial Blood Gases) Blood pH: 7.35-
associated with metabolic acidosis, 7.45 PCO2: 35-45 mm Hg PO2: 90-100 mm Hg HCO3-:
metabolic alkalosis, respiratory 22-26 mEq/L SaO2: 95-100%
acidosis and respiratory alkalosis. (ie Metabolic acidosis ph less than 7.35 and low HC03.
relative pH and CO2 levels). Metabolic alkolosis ph greater than 7.35 and so is
hco3 both of these can be caused my dka. if the ph
and pco2 levels are going in the same direction it is
metabolic if they are going in a different direction it is
respiratory
Respiratory alkolosis ph greater than 7.35and pco2 is
decreased. repsiratory acidosis is ph less than 7.35
and pco2 greater than
D236 WGU pathophysiology Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved
