CMSRN REVIEW QUESTION SET WITH
ACCURATE ANSWERS
◉ A patient's history reveals that he suffers from daytime
symptoms of asthma that occur 3 to 6 days a week.
How would his asthma severity be described?
A. Mild intermittent
B. Mild persistent
C. Moderate persistent
D. Severe persistent
Answer: B. Mild persistent
Rationale: In mild persistent asthma, the patient's daytime
symptoms of asthma occur 3 to 6 days a week. In mild
intermittent asthma (Option A), the patient's daytime symptoms
occur no more than twice a week. In moderate persistent asthma
(Option C), the patient has daily daytime symptoms. In severe
persistent asthma (Option D), the patient has continual daytime
symptoms.
◉ A 66-year-old patient has marked dyspnea at rest, is thin, and
uses accessory muscles to breathe. He is
tachypneic, with a prolonged expiratory phase. He has no cough.
He leans forward with his arms braced on his
,knees to support his chest and shoulders for breathing. This
patient has signs and symptoms of which respiratory
disorder?
A. ARDS
B. Asthma
C. Chronic obstructive bronchitis
D. Emphysema
Answer: D. Emphysema
Rationale: These are classic signs and symptoms of a patient with
emphysema. Patients with ARDS (Option A) are acutely short of
breath and require emergency care; those with asthma (option B)
are also acutely short of breath during an attack and appear very
frightened. Patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis (Option
C) appear bloated and cyanotic
◉ A nurse is preparing to reinforce the teaching plan for a patient
who has recently been diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma
of the left lung. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
A. "You have a slow-growing cancer that rarely spreads."
B. "In terms of prognosis, you may have only a few months to live."
C. "Squamous cell cancer is a very rapidly growing cancer."
D. "The cancer has generally metastasized by the time diagnosis is
made."
Answer: A. "You have a slow-growing cancer that rarely spreads."
, Rationale: Squamous cell carcinoma is a type of cancer that grows
slowly and rarely metastasizes.
It has the best prognosis of all lung cancer types. It's not
appropriate for the nurse to tell the patient how long he has to
live (Option B). Squamous cell carcinoma does not grow rapidly
(Option C) and rarely metastasizes (Option D).
◉ Which respiratory disorder is most common in the fi rst 24 to
48 hours after surgery?
A. Atelectasis
B. Bronchitis
C. Pneumonia
D. Pneumothorax
Answer: A. Atelectasis
Rationale: Atelectasis develops when there's interference with the
normal negative pressure
that promotes lung expansion. Patients in the postoperative phase
often splint their breathing because of pain and positioning, which
causes hypoxia. It's uncommon for any of the other respiratory
disorders (Options B, C, and D) to develop.
◉ A patient with acute asthma showing inspiratory and
expiratory wheezes and a decreased forced expiratory
volume should be treated immediately with which class of
medication?
ACCURATE ANSWERS
◉ A patient's history reveals that he suffers from daytime
symptoms of asthma that occur 3 to 6 days a week.
How would his asthma severity be described?
A. Mild intermittent
B. Mild persistent
C. Moderate persistent
D. Severe persistent
Answer: B. Mild persistent
Rationale: In mild persistent asthma, the patient's daytime
symptoms of asthma occur 3 to 6 days a week. In mild
intermittent asthma (Option A), the patient's daytime symptoms
occur no more than twice a week. In moderate persistent asthma
(Option C), the patient has daily daytime symptoms. In severe
persistent asthma (Option D), the patient has continual daytime
symptoms.
◉ A 66-year-old patient has marked dyspnea at rest, is thin, and
uses accessory muscles to breathe. He is
tachypneic, with a prolonged expiratory phase. He has no cough.
He leans forward with his arms braced on his
,knees to support his chest and shoulders for breathing. This
patient has signs and symptoms of which respiratory
disorder?
A. ARDS
B. Asthma
C. Chronic obstructive bronchitis
D. Emphysema
Answer: D. Emphysema
Rationale: These are classic signs and symptoms of a patient with
emphysema. Patients with ARDS (Option A) are acutely short of
breath and require emergency care; those with asthma (option B)
are also acutely short of breath during an attack and appear very
frightened. Patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis (Option
C) appear bloated and cyanotic
◉ A nurse is preparing to reinforce the teaching plan for a patient
who has recently been diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma
of the left lung. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
A. "You have a slow-growing cancer that rarely spreads."
B. "In terms of prognosis, you may have only a few months to live."
C. "Squamous cell cancer is a very rapidly growing cancer."
D. "The cancer has generally metastasized by the time diagnosis is
made."
Answer: A. "You have a slow-growing cancer that rarely spreads."
, Rationale: Squamous cell carcinoma is a type of cancer that grows
slowly and rarely metastasizes.
It has the best prognosis of all lung cancer types. It's not
appropriate for the nurse to tell the patient how long he has to
live (Option B). Squamous cell carcinoma does not grow rapidly
(Option C) and rarely metastasizes (Option D).
◉ Which respiratory disorder is most common in the fi rst 24 to
48 hours after surgery?
A. Atelectasis
B. Bronchitis
C. Pneumonia
D. Pneumothorax
Answer: A. Atelectasis
Rationale: Atelectasis develops when there's interference with the
normal negative pressure
that promotes lung expansion. Patients in the postoperative phase
often splint their breathing because of pain and positioning, which
causes hypoxia. It's uncommon for any of the other respiratory
disorders (Options B, C, and D) to develop.
◉ A patient with acute asthma showing inspiratory and
expiratory wheezes and a decreased forced expiratory
volume should be treated immediately with which class of
medication?
