GTCC BIO 168 — Cumulative Final Exam Practice Bank
(Verified Updated!!!)
Format: Question → Answer → Detailed Rationale | Complete
Verified Questions | Graded A+
Coverage: All Units — Introduction/Chemistry/Cells/Tissues,
Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous System, and Special
Senses | of Final Grade
SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION, CHEMISTRY, CELLS & TISSUES
(Questions)
Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology
1. Which of the following correctly lists the levels of structural
organization from smallest to largest?
A) Cellular, chemical, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
B) Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
C) Tissue, cellular, chemical, organ, organism, organ system
D) Chemical, tissue, cellular, organ system, organ, organism
,Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The six levels of structural organization are chemical,
cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, and organism.
2. The study of the function of body parts is called:
A) Anatomy
B) Physiology
C) Histology
D) Cytology
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Physiology is the science of function—how body
parts work and carry out life-sustaining activities.
3. Homeostasis is best defined as:
A) The study of body structure
B) The maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment
C) The process of cell division
D) The breakdown of complex molecules
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain a
relatively stable internal condition despite external changes.
4. In a negative feedback mechanism, the output of the
system:
A) Enhances the original stimulus
B) Shuts off the original stimulus or reduces its intensity
,C) Has no effect on the original stimulus
D) Creates a new stimulus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Negative feedback mechanisms counteract the
original stimulus, causing the variable to change in the opposite
direction.
5. Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback
mechanism?
A) Regulation of body temperature
B) Enhancement of labor contractions
C) Regulation of blood glucose
D) Regulation of blood pressure
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Positive feedback mechanisms enhance the original
stimulus. The enhancement of labor contractions (oxytocin
release) is a classic example.
6. The term that means "toward the head" is:
A) Inferior (caudal)
B) Superior (cranial)
C) Anterior
D) Posterior
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Superior (cranial) means toward the head or upper
part of a structure.
, 7. The membrane that lines the walls of a body cavity is called
the:
A) Visceral serosa
B) Parietal serosa
C) Mucous membrane
D) Cutaneous membrane
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A parietal serosa lines the walls of a body cavity,
while a visceral serosa covers the organs themselves.
8. The three serous membranes of the body are:
A) Pleura, pericardium, peritoneum
B) Meninges, pleura, pericardium
C) Mucous, serous, cutaneous
D) Synovial, mucous, serous
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The three serous membranes are the pleura (around
lungs), pericardium (around heart), and peritoneum (around
abdominopelvic organs).
Chemistry
9. The four most common elements in the human body are:
A) Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
B) Carbon, calcium, oxygen, phosphorus
C) Hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen
D) Sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium
(Verified Updated!!!)
Format: Question → Answer → Detailed Rationale | Complete
Verified Questions | Graded A+
Coverage: All Units — Introduction/Chemistry/Cells/Tissues,
Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous System, and Special
Senses | of Final Grade
SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION, CHEMISTRY, CELLS & TISSUES
(Questions)
Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology
1. Which of the following correctly lists the levels of structural
organization from smallest to largest?
A) Cellular, chemical, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
B) Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
C) Tissue, cellular, chemical, organ, organism, organ system
D) Chemical, tissue, cellular, organ system, organ, organism
,Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The six levels of structural organization are chemical,
cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, and organism.
2. The study of the function of body parts is called:
A) Anatomy
B) Physiology
C) Histology
D) Cytology
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Physiology is the science of function—how body
parts work and carry out life-sustaining activities.
3. Homeostasis is best defined as:
A) The study of body structure
B) The maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment
C) The process of cell division
D) The breakdown of complex molecules
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain a
relatively stable internal condition despite external changes.
4. In a negative feedback mechanism, the output of the
system:
A) Enhances the original stimulus
B) Shuts off the original stimulus or reduces its intensity
,C) Has no effect on the original stimulus
D) Creates a new stimulus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Negative feedback mechanisms counteract the
original stimulus, causing the variable to change in the opposite
direction.
5. Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback
mechanism?
A) Regulation of body temperature
B) Enhancement of labor contractions
C) Regulation of blood glucose
D) Regulation of blood pressure
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Positive feedback mechanisms enhance the original
stimulus. The enhancement of labor contractions (oxytocin
release) is a classic example.
6. The term that means "toward the head" is:
A) Inferior (caudal)
B) Superior (cranial)
C) Anterior
D) Posterior
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Superior (cranial) means toward the head or upper
part of a structure.
, 7. The membrane that lines the walls of a body cavity is called
the:
A) Visceral serosa
B) Parietal serosa
C) Mucous membrane
D) Cutaneous membrane
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A parietal serosa lines the walls of a body cavity,
while a visceral serosa covers the organs themselves.
8. The three serous membranes of the body are:
A) Pleura, pericardium, peritoneum
B) Meninges, pleura, pericardium
C) Mucous, serous, cutaneous
D) Synovial, mucous, serous
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The three serous membranes are the pleura (around
lungs), pericardium (around heart), and peritoneum (around
abdominopelvic organs).
Chemistry
9. The four most common elements in the human body are:
A) Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
B) Carbon, calcium, oxygen, phosphorus
C) Hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen
D) Sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium
