NUR 257 Chronic Health Concepts Final Exam
2026/2027-Edition Real Exam Questions And 100%
Correct Answers
Overview :
This exam covers the core concepts for NUR 257 Chronicity. The focus is on chronic medical-
surgical conditions, exacerbations, long-term management, and interprofessional care.
Key Concepts Covered:
• Endocrine: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 long-term complications, DKA vs HHS
• Respiratory: COPD, Asthma, oxygen therapy, steroids
• Cardiac: Heart Failure, Hypertension, CAD, Atrial Fibrillation on anticoagulants
• Renal: Chronic Kidney Disease stages, dialysis, electrolyte imbalances
• Neurological: Stroke (CVA), Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson's
• GI/Hepatic: Cirrhosis, GERD, IBD vs IBS
• Immune/Musculoskeletal: Rheumatoid Arthritis, SLE, HIV/AIDS chronic management
• Nursing Priorities: Health promotion, medication adherence, diet teaching, safety, and
preventing acute exacerbation.
All questions are for study review. If you are experiencing medical issues, talk to your instructor
and clinical resources. All correct answers are bolded in Green.
NUR 257 Practice Exam - 53 Questions
1. The nurse is teaching a client with type 2 diabetes about preventing diabetic neuropathy.
Which statement indicates understanding?
A. "I should soak my feet in hot water daily."
B. "I will check my feet daily for blisters and cuts."
C. "I can go barefoot at home if my feet are clean."
D. "Numbness in my feet is expected as I age."
, Rationale: Daily foot inspection is critical to prevent injury and infection due to loss of
protective sensation. Hot water and barefoot walking increase injury risk.
2. A client with COPD has an oxygen saturation of 88% on room air. Which oxygen delivery is
most appropriate?
A. Non-rebreather at 15L
B. Nasal cannula at 2L/min
C. Simple mask at 10L/min
D. Venturi mask at 100%
Rationale: COPD clients are chronic CO2 retainers. Low-flow oxygen 1-2L via nasal cannula is
preferred to maintain SaO2 88-92% and prevent suppression of hypoxic drive. High flow can
cause CO2 retention.
3. Which lab value indicates worsening Chronic Kidney Disease?
A. GFR 85 mL/min
B. Creatinine 4.2 mg/dL and BUN 68 mg/dL
C. Potassium 4.0 mEq/L
D. Hemoglobin 13.5 g/dL
Rationale: Rising BUN and creatinine indicate decreased glomerular filtration. Normal creatinine
is 0.6-1.2. GFR <15 is kidney failure.
4. A client with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which assessment requires immediate
reporting?
A. Weight loss of 1 lb in 24 hours
B. Potassium 2.8 mEq/L
C. Urine output 1500 mL/24hr
D. Blood pressure 118/70
Rationale: Furosemide is potassium-wasting. Hypokalemia <3.5 increases risk for life-
threatening dysrhythmias, especially if on digoxin.
5. The nurse is caring for a client with liver cirrhosis and ascites. Which diet order should the
nurse question?
A. Low sodium diet
B. High calorie diet
C. High protein diet with canned soup
D. Fluid restriction
Rationale: Canned soup is high in sodium which worsens ascites and edema. Protein is often
restricted if ammonia is high to prevent hepatic encephalopathy.
2026/2027-Edition Real Exam Questions And 100%
Correct Answers
Overview :
This exam covers the core concepts for NUR 257 Chronicity. The focus is on chronic medical-
surgical conditions, exacerbations, long-term management, and interprofessional care.
Key Concepts Covered:
• Endocrine: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 long-term complications, DKA vs HHS
• Respiratory: COPD, Asthma, oxygen therapy, steroids
• Cardiac: Heart Failure, Hypertension, CAD, Atrial Fibrillation on anticoagulants
• Renal: Chronic Kidney Disease stages, dialysis, electrolyte imbalances
• Neurological: Stroke (CVA), Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson's
• GI/Hepatic: Cirrhosis, GERD, IBD vs IBS
• Immune/Musculoskeletal: Rheumatoid Arthritis, SLE, HIV/AIDS chronic management
• Nursing Priorities: Health promotion, medication adherence, diet teaching, safety, and
preventing acute exacerbation.
All questions are for study review. If you are experiencing medical issues, talk to your instructor
and clinical resources. All correct answers are bolded in Green.
NUR 257 Practice Exam - 53 Questions
1. The nurse is teaching a client with type 2 diabetes about preventing diabetic neuropathy.
Which statement indicates understanding?
A. "I should soak my feet in hot water daily."
B. "I will check my feet daily for blisters and cuts."
C. "I can go barefoot at home if my feet are clean."
D. "Numbness in my feet is expected as I age."
, Rationale: Daily foot inspection is critical to prevent injury and infection due to loss of
protective sensation. Hot water and barefoot walking increase injury risk.
2. A client with COPD has an oxygen saturation of 88% on room air. Which oxygen delivery is
most appropriate?
A. Non-rebreather at 15L
B. Nasal cannula at 2L/min
C. Simple mask at 10L/min
D. Venturi mask at 100%
Rationale: COPD clients are chronic CO2 retainers. Low-flow oxygen 1-2L via nasal cannula is
preferred to maintain SaO2 88-92% and prevent suppression of hypoxic drive. High flow can
cause CO2 retention.
3. Which lab value indicates worsening Chronic Kidney Disease?
A. GFR 85 mL/min
B. Creatinine 4.2 mg/dL and BUN 68 mg/dL
C. Potassium 4.0 mEq/L
D. Hemoglobin 13.5 g/dL
Rationale: Rising BUN and creatinine indicate decreased glomerular filtration. Normal creatinine
is 0.6-1.2. GFR <15 is kidney failure.
4. A client with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which assessment requires immediate
reporting?
A. Weight loss of 1 lb in 24 hours
B. Potassium 2.8 mEq/L
C. Urine output 1500 mL/24hr
D. Blood pressure 118/70
Rationale: Furosemide is potassium-wasting. Hypokalemia <3.5 increases risk for life-
threatening dysrhythmias, especially if on digoxin.
5. The nurse is caring for a client with liver cirrhosis and ascites. Which diet order should the
nurse question?
A. Low sodium diet
B. High calorie diet
C. High protein diet with canned soup
D. Fluid restriction
Rationale: Canned soup is high in sodium which worsens ascites and edema. Protein is often
restricted if ammonia is high to prevent hepatic encephalopathy.
