CHEM 219 MODULE 8 PREMIUM STUDY
RESOURCE WITH FULL QUESTIONS AND
RELIABLE SOLUTIONS
◉ cellulose, polypetide chains, beta-Hydroxybutyric acid
Answer: naturally occurring step-growth/ condensation polymer
examples
◉ Lexan
Answer: step-growth
polymer: polycarbonate
eye glasses, auto parts, drinking glasses
◉ Kevlar
Answer: step-growth
polymer: polyamide
body armor, tires, helmets
◉ Dacron, Mylar
Answer: step-growth
polymer: polyester
eletric/thermal insulation, helium balloons, artificial limbs
,◉ 1. free radical
2. cationic
3. anionic
Answer: three main mechanisms for addition/ chain-growth
polymerization
◉ begins by creating a reactive intermediate that starts the chain
reaction
Answer: For all three main addition mechanisms, how does
polymerization begin?
◉ free-radical addition polymerization
Answer: a monomer reacts with a free-radical initiator to create a
free-radical
◉ free-radical
Answer: an atom or a group of atoms that has one unpaired
electron
◉ radical initiator
Answer: a reagent that creates radicals, has relatively weak
covalent bonds which can be homolyzed
◉ 1. electrically neutral
2. quite reactive and reacts quickly to pair up the lone electron
, 3. formed from radical initiators
Answer: 3 main characteristics of free-radicals
◉ Homolyzed
Answer: broken so that each atom joined by the bond gets one of
the two electrons in the bond
◉ benzoyl peroxide
Answer: example of a radical initiator (o-o bond = weak and can
undergo homolysis upon heat or UV exposure to produce 2
benzoyl radicals)
◉ only a small amount of radical initiator is needed compared to
the concentration of monomers present
-some remains in final product but it does not affect the product
Answer: how much initiator is needed in polymerization and does
any remain at the end of the reactions?
◉ 1. the monomer used
2. the molecular weight of the final polymer chain
Answer: two main things that control polymer properties
◉ radical can attack + homolyze C=C of monomer to create a
reactive intermediate that starts polymerization
RESOURCE WITH FULL QUESTIONS AND
RELIABLE SOLUTIONS
◉ cellulose, polypetide chains, beta-Hydroxybutyric acid
Answer: naturally occurring step-growth/ condensation polymer
examples
◉ Lexan
Answer: step-growth
polymer: polycarbonate
eye glasses, auto parts, drinking glasses
◉ Kevlar
Answer: step-growth
polymer: polyamide
body armor, tires, helmets
◉ Dacron, Mylar
Answer: step-growth
polymer: polyester
eletric/thermal insulation, helium balloons, artificial limbs
,◉ 1. free radical
2. cationic
3. anionic
Answer: three main mechanisms for addition/ chain-growth
polymerization
◉ begins by creating a reactive intermediate that starts the chain
reaction
Answer: For all three main addition mechanisms, how does
polymerization begin?
◉ free-radical addition polymerization
Answer: a monomer reacts with a free-radical initiator to create a
free-radical
◉ free-radical
Answer: an atom or a group of atoms that has one unpaired
electron
◉ radical initiator
Answer: a reagent that creates radicals, has relatively weak
covalent bonds which can be homolyzed
◉ 1. electrically neutral
2. quite reactive and reacts quickly to pair up the lone electron
, 3. formed from radical initiators
Answer: 3 main characteristics of free-radicals
◉ Homolyzed
Answer: broken so that each atom joined by the bond gets one of
the two electrons in the bond
◉ benzoyl peroxide
Answer: example of a radical initiator (o-o bond = weak and can
undergo homolysis upon heat or UV exposure to produce 2
benzoyl radicals)
◉ only a small amount of radical initiator is needed compared to
the concentration of monomers present
-some remains in final product but it does not affect the product
Answer: how much initiator is needed in polymerization and does
any remain at the end of the reactions?
◉ 1. the monomer used
2. the molecular weight of the final polymer chain
Answer: two main things that control polymer properties
◉ radical can attack + homolyze C=C of monomer to create a
reactive intermediate that starts polymerization
