CHEM 219 MODULE 3 SCRIPT COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ tin(II) chloride + HCL followed by aqueous sodium hydroxide
Answer: chemical reducing agent to use rather than highly
flammable pressurized hydrogen?
◉ primary amines
Answer: what do nitriles reduce to?
◉ 1) LiAlH4 (chemical reagent)
2) H2(g)/Ni (catalytic hydrogenation)
Answer: what two molecules can be used to reduce a nitrile?
◉ Reductive Amination
Answer: Name the process where amines can be reduced in a
single pot by treating aldehyde or ketone with ammonia or an
amine (1, or 2) in the presence of a reducing agent
◉ two main steps of reductive amination?
Answer: 1. ammonia adds to C=O bond to produce imine
2. reducing agent converts imine to amine
, ◉ NaBH4 (Sodium borohydride)
or catalytic hydrogenation
Answer: reducing agents for reductive aminiation?
◉ avoids polyalkylation
Answer: why is reductive amination superior to direct alkylation?
◉ Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution
Answer: amines function as nitrogen nucleophiles and the amine
is acylated to create an amide
◉ 1st and 2nd degree amines
Answer: which amines can undergo nucleophilic acyl
substitution?
◉ tertiary amines do not have NH bonds to substitute an R-C=O
bond for a hydrogen
Answer: why cant 3rd degree amines undergo nucleophilic acyl
substitution?
◉ pyridine or non-nucleophilic bases
Answer: what is used to neutralize the acid byproduct of
nucleophilic acyl substitution?
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ tin(II) chloride + HCL followed by aqueous sodium hydroxide
Answer: chemical reducing agent to use rather than highly
flammable pressurized hydrogen?
◉ primary amines
Answer: what do nitriles reduce to?
◉ 1) LiAlH4 (chemical reagent)
2) H2(g)/Ni (catalytic hydrogenation)
Answer: what two molecules can be used to reduce a nitrile?
◉ Reductive Amination
Answer: Name the process where amines can be reduced in a
single pot by treating aldehyde or ketone with ammonia or an
amine (1, or 2) in the presence of a reducing agent
◉ two main steps of reductive amination?
Answer: 1. ammonia adds to C=O bond to produce imine
2. reducing agent converts imine to amine
, ◉ NaBH4 (Sodium borohydride)
or catalytic hydrogenation
Answer: reducing agents for reductive aminiation?
◉ avoids polyalkylation
Answer: why is reductive amination superior to direct alkylation?
◉ Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution
Answer: amines function as nitrogen nucleophiles and the amine
is acylated to create an amide
◉ 1st and 2nd degree amines
Answer: which amines can undergo nucleophilic acyl
substitution?
◉ tertiary amines do not have NH bonds to substitute an R-C=O
bond for a hydrogen
Answer: why cant 3rd degree amines undergo nucleophilic acyl
substitution?
◉ pyridine or non-nucleophilic bases
Answer: what is used to neutralize the acid byproduct of
nucleophilic acyl substitution?
