Pediatric Nursing Exam 1 Practice Questions and
answers – Comprehensive Child Health Concepts,
Clinical Care & Exam Preparation
The nurse is seeing an adolescent and the ANS: A
parents in the clinic for the first time. WhichThe first thing that nurses must do is to introduce
themselves should the nurse do first? to the patient and family. Parents and other adults
should be
a.Introduce him- or herself. addressed with appropriate titles unless they specify a
b. Make the family comfortable. preferred name. Clarification of the purpose of the
interview
c. Give assurance of privacy. and the nurse's role is the second thing that should be
done.
d. Explain the purpose of the interview. During the initial part of the interview, the nurse should
include general conversation to help make the family
feel at ease. The interview also should take place in
an environment as free of distraction as possible. In
addition, the nurse should clarify which information
will be shared with other members of the health care
team and any limits to the confidentiality.
,Which is considered a block to effective ANS: B
communication? Using stereotyped comments or clichés can block
effective
a.Using silence communication. After the nurse uses such trite phrases,
b. Using clichés parents often do not respond. Silence can be an effective
c. Directing the focus interviewing tool. Silence permits the interviewee to
sort out
d. Defining the problem thoughts and feelings and search for responses to
questions. To be effective, the nurse must be able to
direct the focus of the interview while allowing
maximum freedom of expression. By using open-
ended questions and guiding questions, the nurse
can obtain the necessary information and maintain a
relationship with the family. The nurse and parent
must collaborate and define the problem that will be
the focus of the nursing intervention.
Which is the single most important factor to ANS: C
consider when communicating with The nurse must be aware of the child's
developmental stage children? to engage in effective communication. The use of
both verbal
a.Presence of the child's parent and nonverbal communication should be appropriate
to the
b.Child's physical condition developmental level. Nonverbal behaviors vary in
importance
c. Child's developmental level based on the child's developmental level and physical
d. Child's nonverbal behaviors condition. Although the child's physical condition is a
consideration, developmental level is much more
important. The presence of parents is important
when communicating with young children but may
be detrimental when speaking with adolescents.
Because children younger than 5 years are ANS: A
egocentric, the nurse should do which when Because children of this age are able to
see things only in communicating with them? terms of themselves, the best approach is
to focus
a.Focus communication on the child. communication directly on them. Children should be
provided
b. Use easy analogies when possible. with information about what they can do and how they
will
c. Explain experiences of others to the child. feel. With children who are egocentric,
analogies,
d.Assure the child that communication is experiences, and assurances that communication is
private will private not be effective because the child is not capable of
understanding.
The nurse's approach when introducing ANS: A
hospital equipment to a preschooler who Young children attribute human characteristics to
inanimate seems afraid should be based on which objects. They often fear that the objects may
jump, bite, cut, or principle?a. The child may think the pinch all by themselves without
human direction. Equipment equipment is alive. should be kept out of sight until needed.
Simple, concrete
b. Explaining the equipment will only explanations about what the equipment does and
how it will increase the child's fear. feel will help alleviate the child's fear. Preschoolers
need
c. One brief explanation will be enough to repeated explanations as
reassurance. reduce the child's fear.
d.The child is too young to understand
what the equipment does.
,When the nurse interviews an adolescent, ANS: B
which is especially important? Adolescents, like all children, need opportunities to
express
a.Focus the discussion on the peer group. their feelings. Often they interject feelings into their
words.
b.Allow an opportunity to express feelings. The nurse must be alert to the words and feelings
expressed.
c. Use the same type of language as the The nurse should maintain a professional
relationship with adolescent. adolescents. To avoid misunderstanding or
misinterpretation
d. Emphasize that confidentiality will always of words and phrases used, the nurse should
clarify the terms be maintained. used, what information will be shared with other
members of
the health care team, and any limits to
confidentiality. Although the peer group is
important to this age group, the interview should
focus on the adolescent.
The nurse is preparing to assess a 10-month- ANS: A
old infant. He is sitting on his father's lap and Peek-a-boo is an excellent means of initiating
communication appears to be afraid of the nurse and of with infants while maintaining a safe,
nonthreatening distance. what might happen next. Which initial The child will most likely
become upset if separated from his actions by the nurse should be most father. As much of
the assessment as possible should be done appropriate? with the child on the father's lap. The
nurse should have the
a.Initiate a game of peek-a-boo. father undress the child as needed during the
examination.
b.Ask the infant's father to place the
infant on the examination table.
c.Talk softly to the infant while
taking him from his father.
d. Undress the infant while he is still
sitting on his father's lap.
An 8-year-old girl asks the nurse how the ANS: C
blood pressure apparatus works. The most School-age children require explanations
and reasons for appropriate nursing action is which? everything. They are interested in
the functional aspect of all
a.Ask her why she wants to know. procedures, objects, and activities. It is appropriate for
the
b. Determine why she is so anxious. nurse to explain how equipment works and what will
happen
c. Explain in simple terms how it works. to the child so that the child can then observe during the
d.Tell her she will see how it works as it is procedure. The nurse should respond positively for
requests used. for information about procedures and health
information. By
not responding, the nurse may be limiting
communication with the child. The child is not
exhibiting anxiety in asking how the blood pressure
apparatus works, just requesting clarification of what
will occur.
The nurse is having difficulty communicating ANS: B
with a hospitalized 6-year-old child. Which Drawing is one of the most valuable forms of
communication. technique should be most helpful? Children's drawings tell a great deal
about them because they
a.Recommend that the child keep a diary. are projections of the children's inner self. A diary
should be
, b. Provide supplies for the child to draw a difficult for a 6-year-old child, who is most likely
learning to picture. read. The parent reading fairy tales to the child is
a passive
c. Suggest that the parent read fairy tales to activity involving the parent and child; it
should not facilitate the child. communication with the nurse. The child is in a
stressful
d.Ask the parent if the child is always situation and is probably uncomfortable with
strangers, not uncommunicative. always uncommunicative.
Which data should be included in a health ANS: A
history? A review of systems is done to elicit information
concerning
a.Review of systems any potential health problems. This further guides the
b. Physical assessment interview process. Physical assessment, growth
c. Growth measurements measurements, and a record of vital signs are
components of
d. Record of vital signs the physical examination.
The nurse is taking a health history of an ANS: B
adolescent. Which best describes how theThe chief complaint is the specific reason for the
child's visit to chief complaint should be determined? the clinic, office, or hospital. Because
the adolescent is the
a.Request a detailed listing of symptoms. focus of the history, this is an appropriate way to
determine
b.Ask the adolescent, "Why did you come the chief complaint. Requesting a detailed list of
symptoms here today?" makes it difficult to determine the chief complaint.
The parent
c. Interview the parent away from the and adolescent may be interviewed separately, but
the nurse adolescent to determine the chief should determine the reason the adolescent
is seeking complaint. attention at this time. The chief complaint is usually
written in
d. Use what the adolescent says to the words that the parent or adolescent uses to
describe the determine, in correct medical terminology, reason for seeking help.
what the problem is.
The nurse is interviewing the mother of an ANS: A
infant. The mother reports, "I had a difficult The history refers to information that relates
to previous delivery, and my baby was born aspects of the child's health, not to the
current problem. The prematurely." This information should be difficult delivery and
prematurity are important parts of the recorded under which heading? infant's history. The
history of the present illness is a narrative
a.History of the chief complaint from its earliest onset through its
b. Present illness progression to the present. Unless the chief complaint is
c. Chief complaint directly related to the prematurity, this information is not
d. Review of systems included in the history of the present illness. The chief
complaint is the specific reason for the child's visit to
the clinic, office, or hospital. It should not include the
birth information. The review of systems is a specific
review of each body system. It does not include the
premature birth but might include sequelae such as
pulmonary dysfunction.
answers – Comprehensive Child Health Concepts,
Clinical Care & Exam Preparation
The nurse is seeing an adolescent and the ANS: A
parents in the clinic for the first time. WhichThe first thing that nurses must do is to introduce
themselves should the nurse do first? to the patient and family. Parents and other adults
should be
a.Introduce him- or herself. addressed with appropriate titles unless they specify a
b. Make the family comfortable. preferred name. Clarification of the purpose of the
interview
c. Give assurance of privacy. and the nurse's role is the second thing that should be
done.
d. Explain the purpose of the interview. During the initial part of the interview, the nurse should
include general conversation to help make the family
feel at ease. The interview also should take place in
an environment as free of distraction as possible. In
addition, the nurse should clarify which information
will be shared with other members of the health care
team and any limits to the confidentiality.
,Which is considered a block to effective ANS: B
communication? Using stereotyped comments or clichés can block
effective
a.Using silence communication. After the nurse uses such trite phrases,
b. Using clichés parents often do not respond. Silence can be an effective
c. Directing the focus interviewing tool. Silence permits the interviewee to
sort out
d. Defining the problem thoughts and feelings and search for responses to
questions. To be effective, the nurse must be able to
direct the focus of the interview while allowing
maximum freedom of expression. By using open-
ended questions and guiding questions, the nurse
can obtain the necessary information and maintain a
relationship with the family. The nurse and parent
must collaborate and define the problem that will be
the focus of the nursing intervention.
Which is the single most important factor to ANS: C
consider when communicating with The nurse must be aware of the child's
developmental stage children? to engage in effective communication. The use of
both verbal
a.Presence of the child's parent and nonverbal communication should be appropriate
to the
b.Child's physical condition developmental level. Nonverbal behaviors vary in
importance
c. Child's developmental level based on the child's developmental level and physical
d. Child's nonverbal behaviors condition. Although the child's physical condition is a
consideration, developmental level is much more
important. The presence of parents is important
when communicating with young children but may
be detrimental when speaking with adolescents.
Because children younger than 5 years are ANS: A
egocentric, the nurse should do which when Because children of this age are able to
see things only in communicating with them? terms of themselves, the best approach is
to focus
a.Focus communication on the child. communication directly on them. Children should be
provided
b. Use easy analogies when possible. with information about what they can do and how they
will
c. Explain experiences of others to the child. feel. With children who are egocentric,
analogies,
d.Assure the child that communication is experiences, and assurances that communication is
private will private not be effective because the child is not capable of
understanding.
The nurse's approach when introducing ANS: A
hospital equipment to a preschooler who Young children attribute human characteristics to
inanimate seems afraid should be based on which objects. They often fear that the objects may
jump, bite, cut, or principle?a. The child may think the pinch all by themselves without
human direction. Equipment equipment is alive. should be kept out of sight until needed.
Simple, concrete
b. Explaining the equipment will only explanations about what the equipment does and
how it will increase the child's fear. feel will help alleviate the child's fear. Preschoolers
need
c. One brief explanation will be enough to repeated explanations as
reassurance. reduce the child's fear.
d.The child is too young to understand
what the equipment does.
,When the nurse interviews an adolescent, ANS: B
which is especially important? Adolescents, like all children, need opportunities to
express
a.Focus the discussion on the peer group. their feelings. Often they interject feelings into their
words.
b.Allow an opportunity to express feelings. The nurse must be alert to the words and feelings
expressed.
c. Use the same type of language as the The nurse should maintain a professional
relationship with adolescent. adolescents. To avoid misunderstanding or
misinterpretation
d. Emphasize that confidentiality will always of words and phrases used, the nurse should
clarify the terms be maintained. used, what information will be shared with other
members of
the health care team, and any limits to
confidentiality. Although the peer group is
important to this age group, the interview should
focus on the adolescent.
The nurse is preparing to assess a 10-month- ANS: A
old infant. He is sitting on his father's lap and Peek-a-boo is an excellent means of initiating
communication appears to be afraid of the nurse and of with infants while maintaining a safe,
nonthreatening distance. what might happen next. Which initial The child will most likely
become upset if separated from his actions by the nurse should be most father. As much of
the assessment as possible should be done appropriate? with the child on the father's lap. The
nurse should have the
a.Initiate a game of peek-a-boo. father undress the child as needed during the
examination.
b.Ask the infant's father to place the
infant on the examination table.
c.Talk softly to the infant while
taking him from his father.
d. Undress the infant while he is still
sitting on his father's lap.
An 8-year-old girl asks the nurse how the ANS: C
blood pressure apparatus works. The most School-age children require explanations
and reasons for appropriate nursing action is which? everything. They are interested in
the functional aspect of all
a.Ask her why she wants to know. procedures, objects, and activities. It is appropriate for
the
b. Determine why she is so anxious. nurse to explain how equipment works and what will
happen
c. Explain in simple terms how it works. to the child so that the child can then observe during the
d.Tell her she will see how it works as it is procedure. The nurse should respond positively for
requests used. for information about procedures and health
information. By
not responding, the nurse may be limiting
communication with the child. The child is not
exhibiting anxiety in asking how the blood pressure
apparatus works, just requesting clarification of what
will occur.
The nurse is having difficulty communicating ANS: B
with a hospitalized 6-year-old child. Which Drawing is one of the most valuable forms of
communication. technique should be most helpful? Children's drawings tell a great deal
about them because they
a.Recommend that the child keep a diary. are projections of the children's inner self. A diary
should be
, b. Provide supplies for the child to draw a difficult for a 6-year-old child, who is most likely
learning to picture. read. The parent reading fairy tales to the child is
a passive
c. Suggest that the parent read fairy tales to activity involving the parent and child; it
should not facilitate the child. communication with the nurse. The child is in a
stressful
d.Ask the parent if the child is always situation and is probably uncomfortable with
strangers, not uncommunicative. always uncommunicative.
Which data should be included in a health ANS: A
history? A review of systems is done to elicit information
concerning
a.Review of systems any potential health problems. This further guides the
b. Physical assessment interview process. Physical assessment, growth
c. Growth measurements measurements, and a record of vital signs are
components of
d. Record of vital signs the physical examination.
The nurse is taking a health history of an ANS: B
adolescent. Which best describes how theThe chief complaint is the specific reason for the
child's visit to chief complaint should be determined? the clinic, office, or hospital. Because
the adolescent is the
a.Request a detailed listing of symptoms. focus of the history, this is an appropriate way to
determine
b.Ask the adolescent, "Why did you come the chief complaint. Requesting a detailed list of
symptoms here today?" makes it difficult to determine the chief complaint.
The parent
c. Interview the parent away from the and adolescent may be interviewed separately, but
the nurse adolescent to determine the chief should determine the reason the adolescent
is seeking complaint. attention at this time. The chief complaint is usually
written in
d. Use what the adolescent says to the words that the parent or adolescent uses to
describe the determine, in correct medical terminology, reason for seeking help.
what the problem is.
The nurse is interviewing the mother of an ANS: A
infant. The mother reports, "I had a difficult The history refers to information that relates
to previous delivery, and my baby was born aspects of the child's health, not to the
current problem. The prematurely." This information should be difficult delivery and
prematurity are important parts of the recorded under which heading? infant's history. The
history of the present illness is a narrative
a.History of the chief complaint from its earliest onset through its
b. Present illness progression to the present. Unless the chief complaint is
c. Chief complaint directly related to the prematurity, this information is not
d. Review of systems included in the history of the present illness. The chief
complaint is the specific reason for the child's visit to
the clinic, office, or hospital. It should not include the
birth information. The review of systems is a specific
review of each body system. It does not include the
premature birth but might include sequelae such as
pulmonary dysfunction.
