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Test Bank for Advanced Assessment: Interpreting Findings
and Formulating Differential Diagnoses, 5th Edition, Mary Jo
Goolsby, Laurie Grubbs Chapter 1 - 22 | Complete
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Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
2 2 2 2 2 2
Multiple2Choice
Identify2the2choice2that2best2completes2the2statement2or2answers2the2question.
2 1. Which2type2of2clinical2decision-making2is2most2reliable?
A. Intuitive
B. Analytical
C. Experiential
D. Augenblick
2 2. Which2of2the2following2is2false?2To2obtain2adequate2history,2health-care2providers2must2be:
A. Methodical2and2systematic
B. Attentive2to2the2patient’s2verbal2and2nonverbal2language
C. Able2to2accurately2interpret2the2patient’s2responses
D. Adept2at2reading2into2the2patient’s2statements
2 3. Essential2parts2of2a2health2history2include2all2of2the2following2except:
A. Chief2complaint
B. History2of2the2present2illness
C. Current2vital2signs
D. All2of2the2above2are2essential2history2components
2 4. Which2of2the2following2is2false?2While2performing2the2physical2examination,2the2examiner2must2be2a
ble2to:
A. Differentiate2between2normal2and2abnormal2findings
B. Recall2knowledge2of2a2range2of2conditions2and2their2associated2signs2and2symptoms
C. Recognize2how2certain2conditions2affect2the2response2to2other2conditions
D. Foresee2unpredictable2findings
2 5. The2following2is2the2least2reliable2source2of2information2for2diagnostic2statistics:
A. Evidence-based2investigations
B. Primary2reports2of2research
C. Estimation2based2on2a2provider’s2experience
D. Published2meta-analyses
2 6. The2following2can2be2used2to2assist2in2sound2clinical2decision-making:
A. Algorithm2published2in2a2peer-reviewed2journal2article
B. Clinical2practice2guidelines
C. Evidence-based2research
D. All2of2the2above
2 7. If2a2diagnostic2study2has2high2sensitivity,2this2indicates2a:
A. High2percentage2of2persons2with2the2given2condition2will2have2an2abnormal2result
B. Low2percentage2of2persons2with2the2given2condition2will2have2an2abnormal2result
C. Low2likelihood2of2normal2result2in2persons2without2a2given2condition
D. None2of2the2above
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2 8. If2a2diagnostic2study2has2high2specificity,2this2indicates2a:
A. Low2percentage2of2healthy2individuals2will2show2a2normal2result
B. High2percentage2of2healthy2individuals2will2show2a2normal2result
C. High2percentage2of2individuals2with2a2disorder2will2show2a2normal2result
D. Low2percentage2of2individuals2with2a2disorder2will2show2an2abnormal2result
2 9. A2likelihood2ratio2above212indicates2that2a2diagnostic2test2showing2a:
A. Positive2result2is2strongly2associated2with2the2disease
B. Negative2result2is2strongly2associated2with2absence2of2the2disease
C. Positive2result2is2weakly2associated2with2the2disease
D. Negative2result2is2weakly2associated2with2absence2of2the2disease
2 10.2Which2of2the2following2clinical2reasoning2tools2is2defined2as2evidence-
based2resource2based2on2mathematical2modeling2to2express2the2likelihood2of2a2condition2in2select2sit
uations,2settings,2and/or2patients?
A. Clinical2practice2guideline
B. Clinical2decision2rule
C. Clinical2algorithm
D. Clinical2recommendation
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Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
2 2 2 2 2 2
Answer Section
2
MULTIPLE2CHOICE
1. ANS:2 B
Croskerry2(2009)2describes2two2major2types2of2clinical2diagnostic2decision-
making:2intuitive2and2analytical.2Intuitive2decision-making2(similar2to2Augenblink2decision-
making)2is2based2on2the2experience2and2intuition2of2the2clinician2and2is2less2reliable2and2paired2with2
fairly2common2errors.2In2contrast,2analytical2decision-
making2is2based2on2careful2consideration2and2has2greater2reliability2with2rare2errors.
PTS: 1
2. ANS:2 D
To2obtain2adequate2history,2providers2must2be2well2organized,2attentive2to2the2patient’s2verbal2and2no
nverbal2language,2and2able2to2accurately2interpret2the2patient’s2responses2to2questions.2Rather2than2r
eading2into2the2patient’s2statements,2they2clarify2any2areas2of2uncertainty.
PTS: 1
3. ANS:2 C
Vital2signs2are2part2of2the2physical2examination2portion2of2patient2assessment,2not2part2of2the2health2his
tory.
PTS: 1
4. ANS:2 D
While2performing2the2physical2examination,2the2examiner2must2be2able2to2differentiate2between2nor
mal2and2abnormal2findings,2recall2knowledge2of2a2range2of2conditions,2including2their2associated2sig
ns2and2symptoms,2recognize2how2certain2conditions2affect2the2response2to2other2conditions,2and2disti
nguish2the2relevance2of2varied2abnormal2findings.
PTS: 1
5. ANS:2 C
Sources2for2diagnostic2statistics2include2textbooks,2primary2reports2of2research,2and2published2met
a-
analyses.2Another2source2of2statistics,2the2one2that2has2been2most2widely2used2and2available2for2app
lication2to2the2reasoning2process,2is2the2estimation2based2on2a2provider’s2experience,2although2thes
e2are2rarely2accurate.2Over2the2past2decade,2the2availability2of2evidence2on2which2to2base2clinical2re
asoning2is2improving,2and2there2is2an2increasing2expectation2that2clinical2reasoning2be2based2on2scie
ntific2evidence.2Evidence-
based2statistics2are2also2increasingly2being2used2to2develop2resources2to2facilitate2clinical2decision-
making.
PTS: 1
6. ANS:2 D
To2assist2in2clinical2decision-making,2a2number2of2evidence-
based2resources2have2been2developed2to2assist2the2clinician.2Resources,2such2as2algorithms2and2clinic
al2practice2guidelines,2assist2in2clinical2reasoning2when2properly2applied.
This2study2source2was2downloaded2by21000008263421582from2CourseHero.com2on205-25-2021221:32:192GMT2-05:00
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Test Bank for Advanced Assessment: Interpreting Findings
and Formulating Differential Diagnoses, 5th Edition, Mary Jo
Goolsby, Laurie Grubbs Chapter 1 - 22 | Complete
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Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
2 2 2 2 2 2
Multiple2Choice
Identify2the2choice2that2best2completes2the2statement2or2answers2the2question.
2 1. Which2type2of2clinical2decision-making2is2most2reliable?
A. Intuitive
B. Analytical
C. Experiential
D. Augenblick
2 2. Which2of2the2following2is2false?2To2obtain2adequate2history,2health-care2providers2must2be:
A. Methodical2and2systematic
B. Attentive2to2the2patient’s2verbal2and2nonverbal2language
C. Able2to2accurately2interpret2the2patient’s2responses
D. Adept2at2reading2into2the2patient’s2statements
2 3. Essential2parts2of2a2health2history2include2all2of2the2following2except:
A. Chief2complaint
B. History2of2the2present2illness
C. Current2vital2signs
D. All2of2the2above2are2essential2history2components
2 4. Which2of2the2following2is2false?2While2performing2the2physical2examination,2the2examiner2must2be2a
ble2to:
A. Differentiate2between2normal2and2abnormal2findings
B. Recall2knowledge2of2a2range2of2conditions2and2their2associated2signs2and2symptoms
C. Recognize2how2certain2conditions2affect2the2response2to2other2conditions
D. Foresee2unpredictable2findings
2 5. The2following2is2the2least2reliable2source2of2information2for2diagnostic2statistics:
A. Evidence-based2investigations
B. Primary2reports2of2research
C. Estimation2based2on2a2provider’s2experience
D. Published2meta-analyses
2 6. The2following2can2be2used2to2assist2in2sound2clinical2decision-making:
A. Algorithm2published2in2a2peer-reviewed2journal2article
B. Clinical2practice2guidelines
C. Evidence-based2research
D. All2of2the2above
2 7. If2a2diagnostic2study2has2high2sensitivity,2this2indicates2a:
A. High2percentage2of2persons2with2the2given2condition2will2have2an2abnormal2result
B. Low2percentage2of2persons2with2the2given2condition2will2have2an2abnormal2result
C. Low2likelihood2of2normal2result2in2persons2without2a2given2condition
D. None2of2the2above
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2 8. If2a2diagnostic2study2has2high2specificity,2this2indicates2a:
A. Low2percentage2of2healthy2individuals2will2show2a2normal2result
B. High2percentage2of2healthy2individuals2will2show2a2normal2result
C. High2percentage2of2individuals2with2a2disorder2will2show2a2normal2result
D. Low2percentage2of2individuals2with2a2disorder2will2show2an2abnormal2result
2 9. A2likelihood2ratio2above212indicates2that2a2diagnostic2test2showing2a:
A. Positive2result2is2strongly2associated2with2the2disease
B. Negative2result2is2strongly2associated2with2absence2of2the2disease
C. Positive2result2is2weakly2associated2with2the2disease
D. Negative2result2is2weakly2associated2with2absence2of2the2disease
2 10.2Which2of2the2following2clinical2reasoning2tools2is2defined2as2evidence-
based2resource2based2on2mathematical2modeling2to2express2the2likelihood2of2a2condition2in2select2sit
uations,2settings,2and/or2patients?
A. Clinical2practice2guideline
B. Clinical2decision2rule
C. Clinical2algorithm
D. Clinical2recommendation
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Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
2 2 2 2 2 2
Answer Section
2
MULTIPLE2CHOICE
1. ANS:2 B
Croskerry2(2009)2describes2two2major2types2of2clinical2diagnostic2decision-
making:2intuitive2and2analytical.2Intuitive2decision-making2(similar2to2Augenblink2decision-
making)2is2based2on2the2experience2and2intuition2of2the2clinician2and2is2less2reliable2and2paired2with2
fairly2common2errors.2In2contrast,2analytical2decision-
making2is2based2on2careful2consideration2and2has2greater2reliability2with2rare2errors.
PTS: 1
2. ANS:2 D
To2obtain2adequate2history,2providers2must2be2well2organized,2attentive2to2the2patient’s2verbal2and2no
nverbal2language,2and2able2to2accurately2interpret2the2patient’s2responses2to2questions.2Rather2than2r
eading2into2the2patient’s2statements,2they2clarify2any2areas2of2uncertainty.
PTS: 1
3. ANS:2 C
Vital2signs2are2part2of2the2physical2examination2portion2of2patient2assessment,2not2part2of2the2health2his
tory.
PTS: 1
4. ANS:2 D
While2performing2the2physical2examination,2the2examiner2must2be2able2to2differentiate2between2nor
mal2and2abnormal2findings,2recall2knowledge2of2a2range2of2conditions,2including2their2associated2sig
ns2and2symptoms,2recognize2how2certain2conditions2affect2the2response2to2other2conditions,2and2disti
nguish2the2relevance2of2varied2abnormal2findings.
PTS: 1
5. ANS:2 C
Sources2for2diagnostic2statistics2include2textbooks,2primary2reports2of2research,2and2published2met
a-
analyses.2Another2source2of2statistics,2the2one2that2has2been2most2widely2used2and2available2for2app
lication2to2the2reasoning2process,2is2the2estimation2based2on2a2provider’s2experience,2although2thes
e2are2rarely2accurate.2Over2the2past2decade,2the2availability2of2evidence2on2which2to2base2clinical2re
asoning2is2improving,2and2there2is2an2increasing2expectation2that2clinical2reasoning2be2based2on2scie
ntific2evidence.2Evidence-
based2statistics2are2also2increasingly2being2used2to2develop2resources2to2facilitate2clinical2decision-
making.
PTS: 1
6. ANS:2 D
To2assist2in2clinical2decision-making,2a2number2of2evidence-
based2resources2have2been2developed2to2assist2the2clinician.2Resources,2such2as2algorithms2and2clinic
al2practice2guidelines,2assist2in2clinical2reasoning2when2properly2applied.
This2study2source2was2downloaded2by21000008263421582from2CourseHero.com2on205-25-2021221:32:192GMT2-05:00
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