Test Bank: Theories of Personality, 10th Edition by Richard M. Ryckman (Chapters 1-18)

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Theories Of Personality 10th Edition
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by Ryckman All 18 Chapters Covered
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1

,Table of Contents
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PART I: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE DISCIPLINE.
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1. Personality and the Scientific Outlook. hg hg hg hg




PART II: PSYCHOANALYTIC AND NEOANALYTIC PERSPECTIVES.
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2. Freud's Psychoanalytic Perspectives.
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3. Jung's Analytical Psychology.
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4. Adler's Individual Psychology.
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5. Horney's Social and Cultural Psychoanalysis.
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6. Erikson's Psychoanalytic Ego Psychology.
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7. Kohut's Self Psychology.
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PART III: TRAIT PERSPECTIVES.
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8. Allport's Trait Theory. hg hg




9. Cattell's Structure-Based Systems Theory.
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10. Eysenck's Biological Typology. hg hg




PART IV: COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVES.
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11. Kelly's Theory of Personal Constructs.
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2

,PART V: HUMANISTIC/EXISTENTIAL PERSPECTIVES.
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12. Maslow's Self-Actualization Position.
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13. Roger's Person-Centered Theory.
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14. May's Existential-Analytic Position.
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hg PART VI: SOCIAL-BEHAVIORISTIC PERSPECTIVES.
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15. Skinner's Operant Analysis.hg hg




16. Rotter's Expectancy Reinforcement Value Model.
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17. Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory.
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PART VII: THE ROLE OF THE GRAND THEORIES IN
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hg CONTEMPORARY PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY. hg hg




18. Theory and Research in Contemporary Personality Psychology.
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3

, CHAPTER OUTLINE hg




I. Why study personality? The study of human personality helps us understand ourselves
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hgand other people better and gives us a greater appreciation for the complexity of
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hghuman experience. h g




II. Definition of Personality: Personality is the dynamic and organized set of
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hg characteristics possessed by an individual that uniquely influences his or her
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hgcognitions, motivations and behaviors in various situations.
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III. Personality and Science: Personality is a scientific enterprise concerned with the
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hgdescription, explanation, prediction, and control of events.
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A. Components of Science: Theories and Research Methods hg hg hg hg hg hg




1. What are theories? A theory is a system of interrelated conceptual statements
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that are created by investigators to account for a phenomenon or a set of
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phenomena.
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2. Kinds of theories hg hg




a. inductive-sets of general summary statements about phenomena derived from facts.
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b. deductive-theories in which specific hypotheses are derived from abstract hg hg hg hg hg hg hg hg


propositions and then tested by the collection of data. Deductive theories
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consist of postulates, propositions, conceptual definitions, operational definitions,
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hypotheses, and empirical
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1. postulates-the fundamental or core assumptions of a theory. They are taken as
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self- evidently true in order to provide a clear and focused direction for
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theorizing and research.
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2. propositions- general relational statements that may be true or false. They are not
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tested directly; instead, hypotheses are derived from them.
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3. hypotheses-specific propositions containing constructs that are conceptually defined and hg hg hg hg hg hg hg hg


h operationalized so they can tested and confirmed or disconfirmed through
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empirical testing. Hypotheses are tentative theoretical statements about how
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events are related to one another, often stated as predictions.
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a. a prior predictions-predictions made before the collection of data.
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4. conceptual definitions- concepts in the hypotheses are defined precisely so that
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accurate measures of the concepts can be devised.
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5. operational definitions- procedures (or operations) used to define particular constructs.
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6. empirical observations-observations of phenomena made by investigators.
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