NURS 5220 ADVANCED
PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 2 QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS. JUST
RELEASED
1. Which mechanism best explains why ACE inhibitors are associated with a persistent dry
cough in some patients?
A. Inhibition of Angiotensin II production
B. Accumulation of bradykinin in the upper respiratory tract
C. Direct irritation of the bronchial mucosa
D. Increased levels of aldosterone in the lungs
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: ACE inhibitors block the enzyme that breaks down bradykinin.
The resulting accumulation of bradykinin leads to inflammation and irritation in the
airways, manifesting as a dry cough.
,2. A patient with HFrEF is started on Sacubitril/Valsartan. What is the required washout
period when switching from an ACE inhibitor?
A. 12 hours
B. 36 hours
C. 24 hours
D. 48 hours
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: A 36-hour washout period is required when switching from an
ACE inhibitor to an ARNI (Sacubitril/Valsartan) to minimize the risk of angioedema.
3. Which lab value must be monitored closely for a patient taking Spironolactone for Heart
Failure?
A. Serum Potassium
B. Serum Sodium
C. Serum Calcium
D. Hemoglobin A1c
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic
(mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) which can cause hyperkalemia, especially when
combined with ACE inhibitors or ARBs.
, 4. Why should Beta-Blockers be used with caution in patients with poorly controlled Type 1
Diabetes?
A. They increase insulin resistance
B. They cause rebound hyperglycemia
C. They can mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia
D. They interfere with the metabolism of Metformin
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Beta-blockers can mask tachycardia and tremors, which are key
warning signs of hypoglycemia, potentially leading to unrecognized and severe
hypoglycemic events.
5. A patient on Amiodarone therapy requires long-term monitoring for which of the following
toxicities?
A. Osteoporosis and Vitamin D deficiency
B. Acute renal failure and hypercalcemia
C. Pulmonary fibrosis and thyroid dysfunction
D. Lupus-like syndrome and pancreatitis
Answer: C
PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 2 QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS. JUST
RELEASED
1. Which mechanism best explains why ACE inhibitors are associated with a persistent dry
cough in some patients?
A. Inhibition of Angiotensin II production
B. Accumulation of bradykinin in the upper respiratory tract
C. Direct irritation of the bronchial mucosa
D. Increased levels of aldosterone in the lungs
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: ACE inhibitors block the enzyme that breaks down bradykinin.
The resulting accumulation of bradykinin leads to inflammation and irritation in the
airways, manifesting as a dry cough.
,2. A patient with HFrEF is started on Sacubitril/Valsartan. What is the required washout
period when switching from an ACE inhibitor?
A. 12 hours
B. 36 hours
C. 24 hours
D. 48 hours
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: A 36-hour washout period is required when switching from an
ACE inhibitor to an ARNI (Sacubitril/Valsartan) to minimize the risk of angioedema.
3. Which lab value must be monitored closely for a patient taking Spironolactone for Heart
Failure?
A. Serum Potassium
B. Serum Sodium
C. Serum Calcium
D. Hemoglobin A1c
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic
(mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) which can cause hyperkalemia, especially when
combined with ACE inhibitors or ARBs.
, 4. Why should Beta-Blockers be used with caution in patients with poorly controlled Type 1
Diabetes?
A. They increase insulin resistance
B. They cause rebound hyperglycemia
C. They can mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia
D. They interfere with the metabolism of Metformin
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Beta-blockers can mask tachycardia and tremors, which are key
warning signs of hypoglycemia, potentially leading to unrecognized and severe
hypoglycemic events.
5. A patient on Amiodarone therapy requires long-term monitoring for which of the following
toxicities?
A. Osteoporosis and Vitamin D deficiency
B. Acute renal failure and hypercalcemia
C. Pulmonary fibrosis and thyroid dysfunction
D. Lupus-like syndrome and pancreatitis
Answer: C
