NURS 1310L.E. Fletcher Technical Community College -
Med/Surg - Chapter 52: Nursing Management: Diabetes
Mellitus Questions With Complete Solutions
1. The nurse is caring for a client with newly diagnosed type 2
diabetes mellitus who asks the
nurse what "type 2" means in relation to diabetes. Which of the
following statements by
the nurse about type 2 diabetes is correct?
a. Insulin is not used to control blood glucose in clients with
type 2 diabetes.
b. Complications of type 2 diabetes are less serious than those of
type 1 diabetes.
c. Type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed when the client is
admitted with a
hyperglycemic coma.
d. Changes in diet and exercise may be sufficient to control
blood glucose levels in
type 2 diabetes. Correct Answers ANS: D
For some clients, changes in lifestyle are sufficient for blood
glucose control. Insulin is
frequently used for type 2 diabetes, complications are equally
severe as for type 1 diabetes,
and type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed with routine laboratory
testing or after a client
develops complications such as frequent yeast infections.
1. Which of the following hormones are considered as counter-
regulatory hormones? (Select all that apply.)
,a. Glucagon
b. Insulin
c. Epinephrine
d. Growth hormone
e. Cortisol Correct Answers ANS: A, C, D, E
Other hormones (glucagon, epinephrine, growth hormone, and
cortisol) work to oppose
the effects of insulin and are often referred to as counter-
regulatory hormones. Insulin is
not a counter-regulatory hormone.
2. The nurse is assessing a client for diabetes at a clinic who has
a fasting plasma glucose
level of 6.7 mmol/L. Which of the following information should
the nurse include in the
plan of care?
a. Self-monitoring of blood glucose.
b. Use of low doses of regular insulin.
c. Lifestyle changes to lower blood glucose.
d. Effects of oral hypoglycemic medications. Correct Answers
ANS: C
The client's impaired fasting glucose indicates prediabetes and
the client should be
counselled about lifestyle changes to prevent the development of
type 2 diabetes. The
client with prediabetes does not require insulin or the oral
hypoglycemics for glucose
control and does not need to self-monitor blood glucose.
, 3. Which of the following actions by a client with type 1
diabetes indicates that the nurse
should implement teaching about exercise and glucose control?
a. The client always carries hard candies when engaging in
exercise.
b. The client goes for a vigorous walk when the glucose is 11.1
mmol/L.
c. The client has a peanut butter sandwich before going for a
bicycle ride.
d. The client increases daily exercise when ketones are present
in the urine. Correct Answers ANS: D
When the client is ketotic, exercise may result in an increase in
blood glucose level. Type
1 diabetic clients should be taught to avoid exercise when
ketosis is present. The other
statements are correct.
4. The nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing the onset
of symptoms of type 1
diabetes. Which of the following questions is best for the nurse
to ask?
a. "Have you lost any weight lately?"
b. "How long have you felt anorexic?"
c. "Is your urine unusually dark coloured?"
d. "Do you crave fluids containing sugar?" Correct Answers
ANS: A
Weight loss occurs because the body is no longer able to absorb
glucose and starts to break
Med/Surg - Chapter 52: Nursing Management: Diabetes
Mellitus Questions With Complete Solutions
1. The nurse is caring for a client with newly diagnosed type 2
diabetes mellitus who asks the
nurse what "type 2" means in relation to diabetes. Which of the
following statements by
the nurse about type 2 diabetes is correct?
a. Insulin is not used to control blood glucose in clients with
type 2 diabetes.
b. Complications of type 2 diabetes are less serious than those of
type 1 diabetes.
c. Type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed when the client is
admitted with a
hyperglycemic coma.
d. Changes in diet and exercise may be sufficient to control
blood glucose levels in
type 2 diabetes. Correct Answers ANS: D
For some clients, changes in lifestyle are sufficient for blood
glucose control. Insulin is
frequently used for type 2 diabetes, complications are equally
severe as for type 1 diabetes,
and type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed with routine laboratory
testing or after a client
develops complications such as frequent yeast infections.
1. Which of the following hormones are considered as counter-
regulatory hormones? (Select all that apply.)
,a. Glucagon
b. Insulin
c. Epinephrine
d. Growth hormone
e. Cortisol Correct Answers ANS: A, C, D, E
Other hormones (glucagon, epinephrine, growth hormone, and
cortisol) work to oppose
the effects of insulin and are often referred to as counter-
regulatory hormones. Insulin is
not a counter-regulatory hormone.
2. The nurse is assessing a client for diabetes at a clinic who has
a fasting plasma glucose
level of 6.7 mmol/L. Which of the following information should
the nurse include in the
plan of care?
a. Self-monitoring of blood glucose.
b. Use of low doses of regular insulin.
c. Lifestyle changes to lower blood glucose.
d. Effects of oral hypoglycemic medications. Correct Answers
ANS: C
The client's impaired fasting glucose indicates prediabetes and
the client should be
counselled about lifestyle changes to prevent the development of
type 2 diabetes. The
client with prediabetes does not require insulin or the oral
hypoglycemics for glucose
control and does not need to self-monitor blood glucose.
, 3. Which of the following actions by a client with type 1
diabetes indicates that the nurse
should implement teaching about exercise and glucose control?
a. The client always carries hard candies when engaging in
exercise.
b. The client goes for a vigorous walk when the glucose is 11.1
mmol/L.
c. The client has a peanut butter sandwich before going for a
bicycle ride.
d. The client increases daily exercise when ketones are present
in the urine. Correct Answers ANS: D
When the client is ketotic, exercise may result in an increase in
blood glucose level. Type
1 diabetic clients should be taught to avoid exercise when
ketosis is present. The other
statements are correct.
4. The nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing the onset
of symptoms of type 1
diabetes. Which of the following questions is best for the nurse
to ask?
a. "Have you lost any weight lately?"
b. "How long have you felt anorexic?"
c. "Is your urine unusually dark coloured?"
d. "Do you crave fluids containing sugar?" Correct Answers
ANS: A
Weight loss occurs because the body is no longer able to absorb
glucose and starts to break
