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NSG 6001 QUIZ 8 LATEST 2026/2027 | PRIMARY
CARE ADULT-GERONTOLOGY | 50 VERIFIED
Q&A | DETAILED RATIONALES | NGN-ALIGNED |
PASS GUARANTEED – A+ GRADED
SECTION I: CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS – Questions 1-6
Q1: Hypertension – Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor (ARNI) for Hypertension
The student is reviewing hypertension management. Which medication is an ARNI that may be used
for hypertension?
A. Sacubitril/valsartan
B. Lisinopril
C. Valsartan
D. Spironolactone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sacubitril/valsartan is an angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) approved for
heart failure and also effective for hypertension. Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor. Valsartan is an ARB.
Spironolactone is an aldosterone antagonist. [100% CORRECT]
Q2: Heart Failure – Sodium Restriction
The student is reviewing heart failure. What is the recommended daily sodium intake for patients
with heart failure?
A. <1500 mg/day
B. <3000 mg/day
C. <2000 mg/day
D. No restriction
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Guidelines recommend sodium restriction to <1500 mg/day for patients with heart failure
to reduce fluid retention and symptoms. Some guidelines suggest <2000-3000 mg, but <1500 mg is
commonly recommended. [100% CORRECT]
Q3: Atrial Fibrillation – Anticoagulation in Valvular AF
The student is reviewing atrial fibrillation. Which anticoagulant is preferred for valvular AF
(moderate-severe mitral stenosis or mechanical valve)?
A. Warfarin
B. Apixaban
, 2
C. Rivaroxaban
D. Dabigatran
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Warfarin is the preferred anticoagulant for valvular AF (moderate-severe mitral stenosis
or mechanical heart valves). DOACs are contraindicated in these conditions. [100% CORRECT]
Q4: Hyperlipidemia – Fibrates
The student is reviewing lipid management. What is the primary effect of fibrates?
A. Lower triglycerides and raise HDL
B. Lower LDL
C. Lower lipoprotein(a)
D. Raise LDL
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fibrates (gemfibrozil, fenofibrate) primarily lower triglycerides and raise HDL. They have
modest LDL-lowering effects. They are used for severe hypertriglyceridemia. [100% CORRECT]
Q5: Acute Coronary Syndrome – Cardiogenic Shock
The student is reviewing ACS. What is the most common cause of cardiogenic shock after myocardial
infarction?
A. Left ventricular failure
B. Right ventricular failure
C. Papillary muscle rupture
D. Ventricular septal rupture
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Left ventricular failure is the most common cause of cardiogenic shock after MI, often
due to extensive infarction. Mechanical complications (papillary muscle rupture, VSD) are less
common but also cause shock. [100% CORRECT]
Q6: Peripheral Artery Disease – Critical Limb Ischemia
The student is reviewing PAD. What defines critical limb ischemia?
A. Chronic ischemic rest pain, ulcers, or gangrene for >2 weeks
B. Claudication only
C. Acute limb ischemia
D. Asymptomatic PAD
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Critical limb ischemia is defined as chronic ischemic rest pain, ulcers, or gangrene
attributable to arterial insufficiency for more than 2 weeks. It requires urgent revascularization.
[100% CORRECT]
NSG 6001 QUIZ 8 LATEST 2026/2027 | PRIMARY
CARE ADULT-GERONTOLOGY | 50 VERIFIED
Q&A | DETAILED RATIONALES | NGN-ALIGNED |
PASS GUARANTEED – A+ GRADED
SECTION I: CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS – Questions 1-6
Q1: Hypertension – Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor (ARNI) for Hypertension
The student is reviewing hypertension management. Which medication is an ARNI that may be used
for hypertension?
A. Sacubitril/valsartan
B. Lisinopril
C. Valsartan
D. Spironolactone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sacubitril/valsartan is an angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) approved for
heart failure and also effective for hypertension. Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor. Valsartan is an ARB.
Spironolactone is an aldosterone antagonist. [100% CORRECT]
Q2: Heart Failure – Sodium Restriction
The student is reviewing heart failure. What is the recommended daily sodium intake for patients
with heart failure?
A. <1500 mg/day
B. <3000 mg/day
C. <2000 mg/day
D. No restriction
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Guidelines recommend sodium restriction to <1500 mg/day for patients with heart failure
to reduce fluid retention and symptoms. Some guidelines suggest <2000-3000 mg, but <1500 mg is
commonly recommended. [100% CORRECT]
Q3: Atrial Fibrillation – Anticoagulation in Valvular AF
The student is reviewing atrial fibrillation. Which anticoagulant is preferred for valvular AF
(moderate-severe mitral stenosis or mechanical valve)?
A. Warfarin
B. Apixaban
, 2
C. Rivaroxaban
D. Dabigatran
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Warfarin is the preferred anticoagulant for valvular AF (moderate-severe mitral stenosis
or mechanical heart valves). DOACs are contraindicated in these conditions. [100% CORRECT]
Q4: Hyperlipidemia – Fibrates
The student is reviewing lipid management. What is the primary effect of fibrates?
A. Lower triglycerides and raise HDL
B. Lower LDL
C. Lower lipoprotein(a)
D. Raise LDL
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fibrates (gemfibrozil, fenofibrate) primarily lower triglycerides and raise HDL. They have
modest LDL-lowering effects. They are used for severe hypertriglyceridemia. [100% CORRECT]
Q5: Acute Coronary Syndrome – Cardiogenic Shock
The student is reviewing ACS. What is the most common cause of cardiogenic shock after myocardial
infarction?
A. Left ventricular failure
B. Right ventricular failure
C. Papillary muscle rupture
D. Ventricular septal rupture
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Left ventricular failure is the most common cause of cardiogenic shock after MI, often
due to extensive infarction. Mechanical complications (papillary muscle rupture, VSD) are less
common but also cause shock. [100% CORRECT]
Q6: Peripheral Artery Disease – Critical Limb Ischemia
The student is reviewing PAD. What defines critical limb ischemia?
A. Chronic ischemic rest pain, ulcers, or gangrene for >2 weeks
B. Claudication only
C. Acute limb ischemia
D. Asymptomatic PAD
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Critical limb ischemia is defined as chronic ischemic rest pain, ulcers, or gangrene
attributable to arterial insufficiency for more than 2 weeks. It requires urgent revascularization.
[100% CORRECT]
