Test Bank Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for
Clinical Practice 1st Edition Tkacs All Chapters 1-17 LATEST
Table of Contents
Chapter 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF CLINICALPRACTICE.......................................... 2
Answer Key ......................................................................................................................................... 7
Chapter 2. CHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL FOUNDATIONS ........................................................... 8
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 13
Chapter 3. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, GENETICS, AND GENETICDISEASES .................................. 14
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 19
Chapter 4. CELL PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ............................................................ 20
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 23
Chapter 5. INFECTIOUS DISEASE ...................................................................................................... 24
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 29
Chapter 6. THE IMMUNE SYSTEM AND LEUKOCYTE FUNCTION ............................................... 30
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 35
Chapter 7. NEOPLASIA ........................................................................................................................ 36
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 41
Chapter 8. BLOOD AND CLOTTING................................................................................................... 42
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 48
Chapter 9. CIRCULATION.................................................................................................................... 49
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 54
Chapter 10. HEART............................................................................................................................... 55
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 60
Chapter 11. LUNGS .............................................................................................................................. 61
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 66
Chapter 12. KIDNEYS .......................................................................................................................... 67
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 72
Chapter 13. GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT ........................................................................................ 74
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 79
Chapter 14. LIVER ................................................................................................................................ 80
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 85
Chapter 15. NERVOUS SYSTEM ......................................................................................................... 86
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 91
Chapter 16. MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM...................................................................................... 92
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 97
Chapter 17. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM ..................................................................................................... 98
Answer Key ......................................................................................................................................103
, Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for
Clinical Practice 1st Edition Tkacs Test Bank All
Chapters 1-17 LATEST
NB: Answer key At the End of Every chapter
Chapter 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF CLINICALPRACTICE
1. The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute inflammation include:
A) fever.
B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.
2. The vascular, hemodynamic stage of acute inflammation is initiated by
momentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation that causes localized:
A) bleeding.
B) congestion.
C) pale skin.
D) coolness.
3. The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the movement of
leukocytes into the area. Which of the following cells arrives early in great
numbers?
A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets
4. The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is the initial
step in the process?
A) Engulfment
,B) Intracellular killing
C) Antigen margination
D) Recognition and adherence
5. Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes increased capillary
permeability and pain?
A) Serotonin
B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric oxide
6. Inflammatory exudates are a combination of several types. Which of the
following exudates is composed of enmeshed necrotic cells?
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Membranous
7. The acute-phase systemic response usually begins within hours of the onset
of inflammation and includes:
A) fever and lethargy.
B) decreased C-reactive protein.
C) positive nitrogen balance.
D) low erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
8. In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized by
which of the following phenomena?
A) Profuse fibrinous exudation
B) A shift to the left of granulocytes
C) Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis
D) Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages
lead to the release of endogenous pyrogens that:
A) stabilize thermal control in the brain.
, B) produce leukocytosis and anorexia.
C) block viral replication in cells.
D) inhibit prostaglandin release.
10 An older adult client has just sheared the skin on her elbow while attempted
. to boost herself up in bed, an event that has precipitated acute inflammation
in the region surrounding the wound. Which of the following events will
occur during the vascular stage of the clients inflammation?
A) Outpouring of exudate into interstitial spaces
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium
D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris
11 Which of the following individuals most likely has the highest risk of
. experiencing chronic inflammation?
A) A client who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
B) A client who is a carrier of an antibiotic-resistant organism
C) A client who is taking oral antibiotics for an upper respiratory infection
D) A client who is morbidly obese and who has a sedentary lifestyle
12 Which of the following core body temperatures is within normal range?
.
A) 35.9C (96.6F)
B) 38.0C (100.4F)
C) 35.5C (95.9F)
D) 37.3C (99.1F)
13 A postsurgical client who is recovering in the postanesthetic recovery unit
. states that she is freezing cold. Which of the following measures is likely to
be initiated in the clients hypothalamus in an effort to reduce heat loss?
A) Opening of arteriovenous (AV) shunts
B) Reduced exhalation of warmed air
C) Contraction of pilomotor muscles
D) Decreased urine production
Clinical Practice 1st Edition Tkacs All Chapters 1-17 LATEST
Table of Contents
Chapter 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF CLINICALPRACTICE.......................................... 2
Answer Key ......................................................................................................................................... 7
Chapter 2. CHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL FOUNDATIONS ........................................................... 8
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 13
Chapter 3. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, GENETICS, AND GENETICDISEASES .................................. 14
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 19
Chapter 4. CELL PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ............................................................ 20
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 23
Chapter 5. INFECTIOUS DISEASE ...................................................................................................... 24
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 29
Chapter 6. THE IMMUNE SYSTEM AND LEUKOCYTE FUNCTION ............................................... 30
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 35
Chapter 7. NEOPLASIA ........................................................................................................................ 36
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 41
Chapter 8. BLOOD AND CLOTTING................................................................................................... 42
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 48
Chapter 9. CIRCULATION.................................................................................................................... 49
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 54
Chapter 10. HEART............................................................................................................................... 55
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 60
Chapter 11. LUNGS .............................................................................................................................. 61
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 66
Chapter 12. KIDNEYS .......................................................................................................................... 67
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 72
Chapter 13. GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT ........................................................................................ 74
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 79
Chapter 14. LIVER ................................................................................................................................ 80
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 85
Chapter 15. NERVOUS SYSTEM ......................................................................................................... 86
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 91
Chapter 16. MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM...................................................................................... 92
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................................... 97
Chapter 17. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM ..................................................................................................... 98
Answer Key ......................................................................................................................................103
, Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for
Clinical Practice 1st Edition Tkacs Test Bank All
Chapters 1-17 LATEST
NB: Answer key At the End of Every chapter
Chapter 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF CLINICALPRACTICE
1. The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute inflammation include:
A) fever.
B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.
2. The vascular, hemodynamic stage of acute inflammation is initiated by
momentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation that causes localized:
A) bleeding.
B) congestion.
C) pale skin.
D) coolness.
3. The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the movement of
leukocytes into the area. Which of the following cells arrives early in great
numbers?
A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets
4. The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is the initial
step in the process?
A) Engulfment
,B) Intracellular killing
C) Antigen margination
D) Recognition and adherence
5. Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes increased capillary
permeability and pain?
A) Serotonin
B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric oxide
6. Inflammatory exudates are a combination of several types. Which of the
following exudates is composed of enmeshed necrotic cells?
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Membranous
7. The acute-phase systemic response usually begins within hours of the onset
of inflammation and includes:
A) fever and lethargy.
B) decreased C-reactive protein.
C) positive nitrogen balance.
D) low erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
8. In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized by
which of the following phenomena?
A) Profuse fibrinous exudation
B) A shift to the left of granulocytes
C) Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis
D) Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages
lead to the release of endogenous pyrogens that:
A) stabilize thermal control in the brain.
, B) produce leukocytosis and anorexia.
C) block viral replication in cells.
D) inhibit prostaglandin release.
10 An older adult client has just sheared the skin on her elbow while attempted
. to boost herself up in bed, an event that has precipitated acute inflammation
in the region surrounding the wound. Which of the following events will
occur during the vascular stage of the clients inflammation?
A) Outpouring of exudate into interstitial spaces
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium
D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris
11 Which of the following individuals most likely has the highest risk of
. experiencing chronic inflammation?
A) A client who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
B) A client who is a carrier of an antibiotic-resistant organism
C) A client who is taking oral antibiotics for an upper respiratory infection
D) A client who is morbidly obese and who has a sedentary lifestyle
12 Which of the following core body temperatures is within normal range?
.
A) 35.9C (96.6F)
B) 38.0C (100.4F)
C) 35.5C (95.9F)
D) 37.3C (99.1F)
13 A postsurgical client who is recovering in the postanesthetic recovery unit
. states that she is freezing cold. Which of the following measures is likely to
be initiated in the clients hypothalamus in an effort to reduce heat loss?
A) Opening of arteriovenous (AV) shunts
B) Reduced exhalation of warmed air
C) Contraction of pilomotor muscles
D) Decreased urine production
