UTA NURS 5315 COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
TEST PAPER
●● Mast cell
Answer: Cellular bags of granules located in loose connective tisssue
close to blood vessels. Activation initiates inflammatory process.
●● Histamine
Answer: Causes vasodilation, increases vascular permeability, increases
blood flow to the site of injury- causes erythema and swelling.
●● Cytokines
Answer: Soluble factors that contribute to the regulation of innate or
adaptive resistance by affecting other neighboring cells. Can be pro-
inflammatory or anti-inflammatory. Can react quickly or be more
delayed.
●● Leukotrines
Answer: Released when mast cells degranulate, prolong the
inflammatory process. Cause vasodilation, attract neutrophils,
monocytes, and eosinophils.target of inhibition for singular.
,●● Prostaglandins
Answer: Released when mast cells degranulate, are produced by the
arachidonic pathway. Cause vasodilation, platelet aggregation at site of
injury, pain, and fever.
●● Chemotactic factors
Answer: Biochemical substance that attracts leukocyte to the site of
inflammation
●● Neutrophils
Answer: Predominant leukocyte at work during the early stages of acute
inflammation
●● Monocytes
Answer: Become macrophages when entering the tissue, responsible for
presenting antigens to the CD4 cell which triggers T-cell immunity and
B-cell immunity.
Releases additional cytokines IL1, IL6, TNF.
●● Cytokine IL1 function
Answer: Causes fever, activates phagocytes & lymphocytes and also
increases the release of IL6a
●● Cytokine IL6 function
, Answer: Stimulates production of acute phase reactants and promotes
growth and stimulation of RBCs
●● Cytokine TNF function
Answer: Causes fever, increases synthesis of proinflammatory proteins
by liver, causes muscle wasting, induces thrombosis
●● Cytokine growth factor function
Answer: Promotes production and maturation of neutrophils
●● Complement
Answer: Functions include bacterial lysis, vasodilation and increased
vascular permeability, triggers mast cell degranulation, chemotaxis, and
opsonization.
●● Kinin
Answer: Converted to bradykinin which is responsible for pain and
chemotaxis, and it increases vascular permeability and vasodilation.
●● Coagulation cascade
Answer: Factor XII activates kinin. Function is to form fibrin mesh to
stop bleeding and trap micro organisms.
●● COX1
QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
TEST PAPER
●● Mast cell
Answer: Cellular bags of granules located in loose connective tisssue
close to blood vessels. Activation initiates inflammatory process.
●● Histamine
Answer: Causes vasodilation, increases vascular permeability, increases
blood flow to the site of injury- causes erythema and swelling.
●● Cytokines
Answer: Soluble factors that contribute to the regulation of innate or
adaptive resistance by affecting other neighboring cells. Can be pro-
inflammatory or anti-inflammatory. Can react quickly or be more
delayed.
●● Leukotrines
Answer: Released when mast cells degranulate, prolong the
inflammatory process. Cause vasodilation, attract neutrophils,
monocytes, and eosinophils.target of inhibition for singular.
,●● Prostaglandins
Answer: Released when mast cells degranulate, are produced by the
arachidonic pathway. Cause vasodilation, platelet aggregation at site of
injury, pain, and fever.
●● Chemotactic factors
Answer: Biochemical substance that attracts leukocyte to the site of
inflammation
●● Neutrophils
Answer: Predominant leukocyte at work during the early stages of acute
inflammation
●● Monocytes
Answer: Become macrophages when entering the tissue, responsible for
presenting antigens to the CD4 cell which triggers T-cell immunity and
B-cell immunity.
Releases additional cytokines IL1, IL6, TNF.
●● Cytokine IL1 function
Answer: Causes fever, activates phagocytes & lymphocytes and also
increases the release of IL6a
●● Cytokine IL6 function
, Answer: Stimulates production of acute phase reactants and promotes
growth and stimulation of RBCs
●● Cytokine TNF function
Answer: Causes fever, increases synthesis of proinflammatory proteins
by liver, causes muscle wasting, induces thrombosis
●● Cytokine growth factor function
Answer: Promotes production and maturation of neutrophils
●● Complement
Answer: Functions include bacterial lysis, vasodilation and increased
vascular permeability, triggers mast cell degranulation, chemotaxis, and
opsonization.
●● Kinin
Answer: Converted to bradykinin which is responsible for pain and
chemotaxis, and it increases vascular permeability and vasodilation.
●● Coagulation cascade
Answer: Factor XII activates kinin. Function is to form fibrin mesh to
stop bleeding and trap micro organisms.
●● COX1
