NP4 COMPREHENSIVE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED ANSWERS
2026-2027 UPDATED.
Situation
The nurse assists in the care of clients with
chronic obstructi pulmonary disease (COPD).
1. The nurse is aware that clients with COPD are at risk for ineffective respirations EXCEPT which
of the following _________?
A. Clients undergoing thoracic or abdominal surgery
B. Clients with rib fractures and kyphosis
C. Clients with neuromuscular disorders such as Guillain-Barre' syndrome
D. Clients with fluid volume deficit - Answer
2. Nursing interventions for clients with respiratory acidosis include the following EXCEPT to
__________.
A. monitor arterial blood gases (ABGs), pH, PCO2, and HCO3
B. administer oxygen and medication as ordered
C. monitor hourly vital signs and respiratory status
D. administer sedation as ordered by the physician to relax the client - Answer
3. The nurse understands that excess acid in the body acts as CNS depressant. Clients with
acidosis may exhibit which of the following symptoms:
1. reduced level of consciousness
2. confusion
3. lethargy
4. coma
A. all of the options
B. 1, 3, & 4
C. 1, 2, 3
D. 1 & 3 - Answer
,4. The goal for treatment for respiratory acidosis is to improve ventilation. Which of the
following measures is appropriate for clients with COPD experiencing respiratory acidosis?
A. Bronchodilators
B. Administer medications as ordered
C. Ambulation
D. Spirometers - Answer
5. The nurse understands that respiratory acidosis occurs when __________:
A. the body retains too much carbon dioxide
B. the client is unable to exhale carbon dioxide
C. the client hyperventilates
D. there is loss of acid or retention of base in the body - Answer
Situation
A 65-year old male is admitted for prostate
cancer. On assessment, the nurse determines that the patient has experienced incontinence.
The nurse knows that incontinence is the first most common symptom of prostate cancer.
6. Based on information gathered, the nurse writes a nursing diagnosis. Which of the following
diagnoses is MOST appropriate?
*
1 point
A. Deficient knowledge related to self-care and risk prevention.
B. Fear secondary to the diagnosis of cancer.
C. Risk for urinary infection
D. Risk for impaired urinary elimination - Answer
7. To help manage incontinence, the nurse instructs the patients to do which of the following:
A. Eat foods rich in fiber
B. Increase fluid intake.
C. Take in medications to manage pain.
D. Perform perineal muscle exercises - Answer
, 8. The patient asks for treatment option for his condition. The Nurse explains that treatment
options are based on which of the following:
A. gender
B. ability of the patient to manage physical and emotional implications of incontinence
C. Socio-economic status
D. grade and stage of the disease - Answer
9. The patient asks the nurse what the physician meant about his prostate cancer as Stage C or
T3. The nurse explains that the tumor is ______________:
*
1 point
A. palpable and has spread to other organs and often to distant sites such as bones and lymph
nodes.
B. palpable and has spread beyond the prostate but not to other organs.
C. confined to the prostate and was not palpable during digital rectal examination.
D. confined to the prostate and was not palpable during digital rectal examination. - Answer
10. The nurse recalls the staging and classification of prostate cancer. Which of the following
statements is TRUE?
*
1 point
A. the gleason grading system is usually used for hematological cancers but not prostate cancer.
B. the normal prostate specific antigen (PSA) range under 40 years of age is less than 4 to 6
ng/mL.
C. at least two separate biopsy specimens are graded based on their differentiation from normal
prostate cells.
D. A score of D is less invasive than a score of B in the cancer staging system. - Answer
Situation
You are newly promoted charge nurse of department in a tertiary hospital. You review
management concepts to prepare you for the position. The following questions pertain to
management of
resources.
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED ANSWERS
2026-2027 UPDATED.
Situation
The nurse assists in the care of clients with
chronic obstructi pulmonary disease (COPD).
1. The nurse is aware that clients with COPD are at risk for ineffective respirations EXCEPT which
of the following _________?
A. Clients undergoing thoracic or abdominal surgery
B. Clients with rib fractures and kyphosis
C. Clients with neuromuscular disorders such as Guillain-Barre' syndrome
D. Clients with fluid volume deficit - Answer
2. Nursing interventions for clients with respiratory acidosis include the following EXCEPT to
__________.
A. monitor arterial blood gases (ABGs), pH, PCO2, and HCO3
B. administer oxygen and medication as ordered
C. monitor hourly vital signs and respiratory status
D. administer sedation as ordered by the physician to relax the client - Answer
3. The nurse understands that excess acid in the body acts as CNS depressant. Clients with
acidosis may exhibit which of the following symptoms:
1. reduced level of consciousness
2. confusion
3. lethargy
4. coma
A. all of the options
B. 1, 3, & 4
C. 1, 2, 3
D. 1 & 3 - Answer
,4. The goal for treatment for respiratory acidosis is to improve ventilation. Which of the
following measures is appropriate for clients with COPD experiencing respiratory acidosis?
A. Bronchodilators
B. Administer medications as ordered
C. Ambulation
D. Spirometers - Answer
5. The nurse understands that respiratory acidosis occurs when __________:
A. the body retains too much carbon dioxide
B. the client is unable to exhale carbon dioxide
C. the client hyperventilates
D. there is loss of acid or retention of base in the body - Answer
Situation
A 65-year old male is admitted for prostate
cancer. On assessment, the nurse determines that the patient has experienced incontinence.
The nurse knows that incontinence is the first most common symptom of prostate cancer.
6. Based on information gathered, the nurse writes a nursing diagnosis. Which of the following
diagnoses is MOST appropriate?
*
1 point
A. Deficient knowledge related to self-care and risk prevention.
B. Fear secondary to the diagnosis of cancer.
C. Risk for urinary infection
D. Risk for impaired urinary elimination - Answer
7. To help manage incontinence, the nurse instructs the patients to do which of the following:
A. Eat foods rich in fiber
B. Increase fluid intake.
C. Take in medications to manage pain.
D. Perform perineal muscle exercises - Answer
, 8. The patient asks for treatment option for his condition. The Nurse explains that treatment
options are based on which of the following:
A. gender
B. ability of the patient to manage physical and emotional implications of incontinence
C. Socio-economic status
D. grade and stage of the disease - Answer
9. The patient asks the nurse what the physician meant about his prostate cancer as Stage C or
T3. The nurse explains that the tumor is ______________:
*
1 point
A. palpable and has spread to other organs and often to distant sites such as bones and lymph
nodes.
B. palpable and has spread beyond the prostate but not to other organs.
C. confined to the prostate and was not palpable during digital rectal examination.
D. confined to the prostate and was not palpable during digital rectal examination. - Answer
10. The nurse recalls the staging and classification of prostate cancer. Which of the following
statements is TRUE?
*
1 point
A. the gleason grading system is usually used for hematological cancers but not prostate cancer.
B. the normal prostate specific antigen (PSA) range under 40 years of age is less than 4 to 6
ng/mL.
C. at least two separate biopsy specimens are graded based on their differentiation from normal
prostate cells.
D. A score of D is less invasive than a score of B in the cancer staging system. - Answer
Situation
You are newly promoted charge nurse of department in a tertiary hospital. You review
management concepts to prepare you for the position. The following questions pertain to
management of
resources.
