• NSG 530 ACTUAL 09/16/2026
EXAM
NSG 530 ACTUAL EXAM 2026 /2027 | Advanced
Pathophysiology 3 – Wilkes University | Exams 1-4
Comprehensive Bank | Verified Q&A with Detailed
Rationales | Pass Guaranteed - A+ Graded
P 1
, • NSG 530 ACTUAL 09/16/2026
EXAM
strike the skin with enough force to abrade the skin but not actually penetrate the surface. An exit wound is
where the bullet exits the body. Blowback is disruption of the tissues resulting in large, gaping, and jagged
appearance to the wound.
Which term describes oxygen failing to reach the blood?
A. Suffocation
B. Strangulation
C. Drowning
D. Petechiae - Correct Answer :A. Suffocation
Suffocation occurs when oxygen fails to reach the blood. It is a subgroup of asphyxial injuries. Strangulation is
caused by compression and closure of the blood vessels and air passages by external pressure on the neck.
Drowning occurs when water or fluid alters delivery of oxygen. Petechiae are found on the neck of a victim who
is strangled. It is the result of compression of soft tissue and the breakage of blood vessels.
The pigment that is correctly paired with its color is:
A. melanin-brown-black.
B. hemosiderin-green-black.
C. blue nevus-brown-black.
D. bilirubin-yellow-brown. - Correct Answer :A. melanin-brown-black.
Melanin is brown-black pigment. This is what causes a suntan. Hemosiderin is a yellow-brown pigment and is
derived from hemoglobin. Blue nevus is a benign mole that is dark blue-black in color. Bilirubin is yellow-green in
color and is derived from bile.
The appropriate term to identify the nuclear dissolution and destruction of chromatin by action of hydrolytic
enzymes is:
P 2
, • NSG 530 ACTUAL 09/16/2026
EXAM
A. autolysis.
B. pyknosis.
C. karyorrhexis.
D. karyolysis. - Correct Answer :D. karyolysis.
Karyolysis is the nuclear dissolution and lysis of chromatin. Autolysis is a term for autodigestion. In pyknosis, the
nucleus shrinks and becomes a small, dense mass of genetic material. Karyorrhexis means fragmentation of the
nucleus into smaller particles, or "nuclear dust."
A TRUE statement regarding calcium in cells is:
A. calcium salts accumulate in healthy, living cells with normal body function.
B. dystrophic calcification occurs in chronic tuberculosis.
C. metastatic calcification occurs in damaged tissue.
D. psammoma bodies are individual calcium molecules. - Correct Answer :B. dystrophic calcification occurs in
chronic tuberculosis.
Dystrophic calcification occurs in dead or dying tissues and chronic tuberculosis and is usually found in lungs and
lymph nodes. Calcium accumulation normally occurs in dead or dying tissues. Psammoma bodies are several
layers of calcium that clump together and form grains. Metastatic calcification consists of mineral deposits that
occur in undamaged tissue as a result of hypercalcemia.
Tuberculous infections are likely to result in a form of necrosis called:
A. coagulative.
B. liquefactive.
C. fat.
D. caseous. - Correct Answer :D. caseous.
Caseous necrosis is normally found in the lung from infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is a combination
of liquefactive and coagulation necrosis. Coagulative necrosis occurs primarily in the kidneys, heart, and adrenal
glands due to protein degradation. Liquefactive necrosis occurs commonly in the neurons and glial cells. Fat
P 3
, • NSG 530 ACTUAL 09/16/2026
EXAM
necrosis occurs in the breast, pancreas, and other abdominal structures and is caused from cellular dissolution
by enzymes called lipases.
A correct concept related to aging is:
A. the maximal life span on humans is 80 to 100 years.
B. men outlive women in most countries.
C. the maximal life span changes every decade.
D. the concept of aging is well understood and documented. - Correct Answer :A. the maximal life span on
humans is 80 to 100 years.
The maximal life span is 80 to 100 years and has not changed over time. The average life span, however, has
changed. Women outlive men in most areas of the world. The concept of aging is not completely understood.
The term apoptosis is appropriately defined as:
A. second messenger system.
B. autostimulation.
C. programmed cell death.
D. pass-it-on signal. - Correct Answer :C. programmed cell death.
Another term for apoptosis is programmed cell death. Autostimulation is when a cell releases a signal that
actually affects the cell of origin. A pass-it-on signal is a description for a second messenger system. A second
messenger system is a means by which a ligand binds with receptors of a membrane system and then triggers a
second system/reaction.
The process of atrophy is a result of: Select all that apply:
A. aging.
B. lack of blood supply.
C. work demand.
D. hormonal stimulation.
E. need to replace lost cells. - Correct Answer :A. aging.
P 4
EXAM
NSG 530 ACTUAL EXAM 2026 /2027 | Advanced
Pathophysiology 3 – Wilkes University | Exams 1-4
Comprehensive Bank | Verified Q&A with Detailed
Rationales | Pass Guaranteed - A+ Graded
P 1
, • NSG 530 ACTUAL 09/16/2026
EXAM
strike the skin with enough force to abrade the skin but not actually penetrate the surface. An exit wound is
where the bullet exits the body. Blowback is disruption of the tissues resulting in large, gaping, and jagged
appearance to the wound.
Which term describes oxygen failing to reach the blood?
A. Suffocation
B. Strangulation
C. Drowning
D. Petechiae - Correct Answer :A. Suffocation
Suffocation occurs when oxygen fails to reach the blood. It is a subgroup of asphyxial injuries. Strangulation is
caused by compression and closure of the blood vessels and air passages by external pressure on the neck.
Drowning occurs when water or fluid alters delivery of oxygen. Petechiae are found on the neck of a victim who
is strangled. It is the result of compression of soft tissue and the breakage of blood vessels.
The pigment that is correctly paired with its color is:
A. melanin-brown-black.
B. hemosiderin-green-black.
C. blue nevus-brown-black.
D. bilirubin-yellow-brown. - Correct Answer :A. melanin-brown-black.
Melanin is brown-black pigment. This is what causes a suntan. Hemosiderin is a yellow-brown pigment and is
derived from hemoglobin. Blue nevus is a benign mole that is dark blue-black in color. Bilirubin is yellow-green in
color and is derived from bile.
The appropriate term to identify the nuclear dissolution and destruction of chromatin by action of hydrolytic
enzymes is:
P 2
, • NSG 530 ACTUAL 09/16/2026
EXAM
A. autolysis.
B. pyknosis.
C. karyorrhexis.
D. karyolysis. - Correct Answer :D. karyolysis.
Karyolysis is the nuclear dissolution and lysis of chromatin. Autolysis is a term for autodigestion. In pyknosis, the
nucleus shrinks and becomes a small, dense mass of genetic material. Karyorrhexis means fragmentation of the
nucleus into smaller particles, or "nuclear dust."
A TRUE statement regarding calcium in cells is:
A. calcium salts accumulate in healthy, living cells with normal body function.
B. dystrophic calcification occurs in chronic tuberculosis.
C. metastatic calcification occurs in damaged tissue.
D. psammoma bodies are individual calcium molecules. - Correct Answer :B. dystrophic calcification occurs in
chronic tuberculosis.
Dystrophic calcification occurs in dead or dying tissues and chronic tuberculosis and is usually found in lungs and
lymph nodes. Calcium accumulation normally occurs in dead or dying tissues. Psammoma bodies are several
layers of calcium that clump together and form grains. Metastatic calcification consists of mineral deposits that
occur in undamaged tissue as a result of hypercalcemia.
Tuberculous infections are likely to result in a form of necrosis called:
A. coagulative.
B. liquefactive.
C. fat.
D. caseous. - Correct Answer :D. caseous.
Caseous necrosis is normally found in the lung from infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is a combination
of liquefactive and coagulation necrosis. Coagulative necrosis occurs primarily in the kidneys, heart, and adrenal
glands due to protein degradation. Liquefactive necrosis occurs commonly in the neurons and glial cells. Fat
P 3
, • NSG 530 ACTUAL 09/16/2026
EXAM
necrosis occurs in the breast, pancreas, and other abdominal structures and is caused from cellular dissolution
by enzymes called lipases.
A correct concept related to aging is:
A. the maximal life span on humans is 80 to 100 years.
B. men outlive women in most countries.
C. the maximal life span changes every decade.
D. the concept of aging is well understood and documented. - Correct Answer :A. the maximal life span on
humans is 80 to 100 years.
The maximal life span is 80 to 100 years and has not changed over time. The average life span, however, has
changed. Women outlive men in most areas of the world. The concept of aging is not completely understood.
The term apoptosis is appropriately defined as:
A. second messenger system.
B. autostimulation.
C. programmed cell death.
D. pass-it-on signal. - Correct Answer :C. programmed cell death.
Another term for apoptosis is programmed cell death. Autostimulation is when a cell releases a signal that
actually affects the cell of origin. A pass-it-on signal is a description for a second messenger system. A second
messenger system is a means by which a ligand binds with receptors of a membrane system and then triggers a
second system/reaction.
The process of atrophy is a result of: Select all that apply:
A. aging.
B. lack of blood supply.
C. work demand.
D. hormonal stimulation.
E. need to replace lost cells. - Correct Answer :A. aging.
P 4
