A&P 1 -Endocrine System Test
Questions and Actual Detailed Answers
2026-2027 Updated.
acromegaly - Answer (identify disease by symptom) enlargement of the extremities
ACTH - Answer a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the
adrenal cortex (initials)
adenohypophysis - Answer anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
addison's disease - Answer (identify disease by symptom) This condition is characterized by
chronic, worsening fatigue and muscle weakness, loss of appetite, and weight loss.
ADH - Answer hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland and also by nerve endings in
the hypothalamus (initials)
aldosterone - Answer a mineralcorticoid that is secreted by the cortex of the adrenal gland
alpha cells - Answer cells in the pancreatic islets that produce glucagon (plural)
androgens - Answer hormones that influence sex-related characteristics (plural)
beta cells - Answer pancreas islet cell that secretes insulin (plural)
biorhythm - Answer rhythmic alteration in a hormone rate of secretion such as circadian
rhythm (24 hr)
cAMP - Answer is a second messenger important in many biological processes. is derived from
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and used for intracellular signal transduction in many different
organisms
cretinism - Answer (identify disease by symptom) condition in children that results in a lack of
mental development and dwarfed physical stature
cushing's disease - Answer (identify disease by symptom) obesity, weakness, moon face,
edema, and high blood pressure
, diabetes insipidus - Answer (identify disease by symptom) condition of abnormal increase in
urine output; symptoms include polyuria and polydipsia; urine appears colorless due to the
inability of the kidneys to concentrate urine
diabetes mellitus - Answer (identify disease by symptom) group of metabolic disorders
characterized by hyperglycemia
dwarfism - Answer (identify disease by symptom) a genetic abnormality resulting in short
stature
endocrine - Answer Groups of cells secreting substances directly into the blood or lymph
circulation and affecting another part of the body
epinephrine - Answer a catecholamine secreted by the adrenal medulla in response to stress
estrogen - Answer hormone produced by the ovaries; promotes female secondary sex
characteristics
FSH - Answer Stimulates follicle development of ovaries and development of sperm cells
(initials)
gene activation - Answer genes expressed as proteins many of which are enzymes,
transcription factors etc.
giantism - Answer (identify disease by symptom) An abnormal condition characterized by
excessive growth of the body
glucagon - Answer The antagonist of insulin. Its release is stimulated by low blood glucose
levels. It stimulates the liver, its primary target organ, to break down its glycogen stores to
glucose and subsequently to release glucose to the blood. (singular)
glucocorticoids - Answer steroid hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex; regulates glucose,
fat, and protein metabolism (plural)
goiter - Answer enlargement of the thyroid gland
grave's disease - Answer (identify disease by symptom) characterized by exophthalmia,
tachycardia, goiter, and tumor
Questions and Actual Detailed Answers
2026-2027 Updated.
acromegaly - Answer (identify disease by symptom) enlargement of the extremities
ACTH - Answer a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the
adrenal cortex (initials)
adenohypophysis - Answer anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
addison's disease - Answer (identify disease by symptom) This condition is characterized by
chronic, worsening fatigue and muscle weakness, loss of appetite, and weight loss.
ADH - Answer hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland and also by nerve endings in
the hypothalamus (initials)
aldosterone - Answer a mineralcorticoid that is secreted by the cortex of the adrenal gland
alpha cells - Answer cells in the pancreatic islets that produce glucagon (plural)
androgens - Answer hormones that influence sex-related characteristics (plural)
beta cells - Answer pancreas islet cell that secretes insulin (plural)
biorhythm - Answer rhythmic alteration in a hormone rate of secretion such as circadian
rhythm (24 hr)
cAMP - Answer is a second messenger important in many biological processes. is derived from
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and used for intracellular signal transduction in many different
organisms
cretinism - Answer (identify disease by symptom) condition in children that results in a lack of
mental development and dwarfed physical stature
cushing's disease - Answer (identify disease by symptom) obesity, weakness, moon face,
edema, and high blood pressure
, diabetes insipidus - Answer (identify disease by symptom) condition of abnormal increase in
urine output; symptoms include polyuria and polydipsia; urine appears colorless due to the
inability of the kidneys to concentrate urine
diabetes mellitus - Answer (identify disease by symptom) group of metabolic disorders
characterized by hyperglycemia
dwarfism - Answer (identify disease by symptom) a genetic abnormality resulting in short
stature
endocrine - Answer Groups of cells secreting substances directly into the blood or lymph
circulation and affecting another part of the body
epinephrine - Answer a catecholamine secreted by the adrenal medulla in response to stress
estrogen - Answer hormone produced by the ovaries; promotes female secondary sex
characteristics
FSH - Answer Stimulates follicle development of ovaries and development of sperm cells
(initials)
gene activation - Answer genes expressed as proteins many of which are enzymes,
transcription factors etc.
giantism - Answer (identify disease by symptom) An abnormal condition characterized by
excessive growth of the body
glucagon - Answer The antagonist of insulin. Its release is stimulated by low blood glucose
levels. It stimulates the liver, its primary target organ, to break down its glycogen stores to
glucose and subsequently to release glucose to the blood. (singular)
glucocorticoids - Answer steroid hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex; regulates glucose,
fat, and protein metabolism (plural)
goiter - Answer enlargement of the thyroid gland
grave's disease - Answer (identify disease by symptom) characterized by exophthalmia,
tachycardia, goiter, and tumor
