Formula & Functions – Notes
Formula
• A formula is a user-defined expression used to perform calculations.
• Every formula starts with an equals sign (=).
• A formula can contain:
References: A cell or range of cells that you want to include in your calculation.
Operators: Symbols (+, −, *, /, %, etc.) that specify the operation to be performed.
Constants: Numbers or text values that do not change.
Functions: Pre-defined formulas in Excel.Example: =A1+B1
Function
• A function is a predefined (built-in) formula in Excel.
• It performs calculations quickly and accurately.
Example: =SUM(A1:A5)
Using Formula with Text
• Excel joins text using the Ampersand (&) operator.
• Joining text is called Concatenation.
Example: ="Hello"&" World" → Hello World
Cell Range
• A cell range is a group of selected cells.
• Used to perform calculations on multiple cells.
Example: A1:A10
Cell Reference
• A cell reference is the address of a cell used in a formula.
Types of Cell References:
1. Relative
2. Absolute
3. Mixed
Formula
• A formula is a user-defined expression used to perform calculations.
• Every formula starts with an equals sign (=).
• A formula can contain:
References: A cell or range of cells that you want to include in your calculation.
Operators: Symbols (+, −, *, /, %, etc.) that specify the operation to be performed.
Constants: Numbers or text values that do not change.
Functions: Pre-defined formulas in Excel.Example: =A1+B1
Function
• A function is a predefined (built-in) formula in Excel.
• It performs calculations quickly and accurately.
Example: =SUM(A1:A5)
Using Formula with Text
• Excel joins text using the Ampersand (&) operator.
• Joining text is called Concatenation.
Example: ="Hello"&" World" → Hello World
Cell Range
• A cell range is a group of selected cells.
• Used to perform calculations on multiple cells.
Example: A1:A10
Cell Reference
• A cell reference is the address of a cell used in a formula.
Types of Cell References:
1. Relative
2. Absolute
3. Mixed
