NUR 176 Exam 2 Weeks 3–5 2026/2027 | UTI, Cystitis, Pyelonephritis, BPH & Urinary Elimination Questions and Answers

This NUR 176 Exam 2 Weeks 3–5 2026/2027 study guide contains 14 pages of exam-style questions, correct answers, and concentrated nursing review material covering urinary elimination, urinary tract infections (UTIs), cystitis, pyelonephritis, urinary retention, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), diagnostic testing, urinary assessment, patient education, and nursing interventions. The document is structured around commonly tested assessment findings, causes, risk factors, diagnostic procedures, treatment concepts, and prevention strategies relevant to urinary and renal nursing care. The urinary elimination section reviews common causes of discomfort, including UTI, bladder distention, urinary retention, post-catheterization irritation, renal or bladder stones, and discomfort following procedures such as TURP, catheterization, and cystoscopy. Assessment focuses on pain, bladder fullness, urgency, and urine characteristics such as color, odor, and clarity. Nursing interventions include encouraging fluids, assisting with toileting, maintaining catheter care, and administering prescribed analgesic or antispasmodic therapy. A major portion focuses on urinary retention and BPH. The study material identifies incomplete bladder emptying, dribbling, bladder distention, and discomfort as manifestations of urinary retention, while potential causes include BPH, neurological injury, anesthesia, and anticholinergic medications. Diagnostic concepts include bladder scanning and post-void residual measurement. BPH is presented as age-associated enlargement of the prostate that may interfere with urination, with the document noting its occurrence particularly among older men. The UTI section explains that infection can involve different portions of the urinary tract and reviews bacterial and other infectious causes, catheter use, vaginal infection, infrequent voiding, and poor perineal care as risk factors. The document differentiates urethritis, cystitis, and pyelonephritis according to the affected anatomical region. Cystitis findings reviewed include frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, dysuria, hematuria, fever, and confusion in older adults, while pyelonephritis content includes flank pain, fever, chills, malaise, vomiting, dysuria, and costovertebral-angle pain. Diagnostic review includes urinalysis, urine culture and sensitivity, leukocyte esterase dipstick testing, BUN, creatinine, PSA, bladder scanning, and post-void residual assessment. Patient teaching emphasizes reporting burning, pain, or difficulty urinating; appropriate perineal hygiene; avoiding bladder irritants such as caffeine and alcohol; and recognizing urinary symptoms early. The final section concentrates on cystitis and pyelonephritis nursing management and prevention. The source highlights symptomatic relief, antimicrobial therapy, regular bladder emptying, front-to-back perineal cleaning, voiding after intercourse, choosing showers rather than baths, and avoiding scented products in the perineal area. For more severe pyelonephritis, the material discusses possible hospitalization, initial IV antibiotic therapy, and monitoring for urosepsis and septic shock. Relevant students: This document is particularly relevant to NUR 176 students preparing for Exam 2 Weeks 3–5 during the 2026/2027 academic year. It may also support practical nursing, registered nursing, medical-surgical nursing, and adult-health students reviewing urinary elimination, UTI prevention, cystitis, pyelonephritis, BPH, urinary retention, diagnostic testing, catheter care, and patient education. The uploaded document does not identify a university or college, so an institution name has not been added rather than attributing the material to an unsupported institution. Keywords: NUR 176 Exam 2, NUR 176 Exam 2 Weeks 3 5, NUR 176 Exam 2 2026, NUR 176 Exam , NUR 176 questions and answers, NUR 176 study guide, NUR 176 exam review, urinary elimination nursing, urinary tract infection nursing, UTI nursing questions, UTI questions and answers, cystitis nursing, cystitis questions and answers, pyelonephritis nursing, pyelonephritis questions, urinary retention nursing, urinary retention signs, BPH nursing, benign prostatic hyperplasia nursing, bladder distention nursing, bladder scan nursing, post void residual, urinalysis nursing, urine culture and sensitivity, PSA nursing, BUN creatinine nursing, dysuria nursing, urinary urgency, urinary frequency, hematuria nursing, flank pain nursing, costovertebral angle pain, catheter care nursing, UTI prevention nursing, cystitis patient education, voiding after intercourse, perineal hygiene nursing, urosepsis nursing, septic shock prevention, TURP nursing, medical surgical nursing exam, urinary system nursing exam