nur 7580 exam 2 | Questions with 100% Verified Answers |
Latest Update 2026/2027
Question: lung cancer risk factors
Answer: -Smoking (including 2nd hand exposure)
-Radon gas (miners)
-Asbestos
-Metals (arsenic, nick, chromium)
-Family hx
-Pulmonary fibrosis
-COPD
-Sarcoidosis
-Age > 40
Question: tobacco cessation
Answer: most effective way to reduce lung cancer
Question: LDCT (low dose computed tomography)
Answer: - screening for lung cancer recommended for current smokers from age 55 to 80 and
have smoked an average of one pack of cigs a day
- annually until the age of 74 is recommended by the american cancer society
Question: smoking and increased CHD and stroke
Answer: - damages the artery walls , increase blood clotting and reduce the oxygen delivery to
the heart and the brain
Question: mitral valve regurgitation
Answer: - fails to fully close in systole, blood flows back from the left ventricle to the left atrium
causing a murmur to be heard at the apex and increase left ventricular preload leading to
left ventricle dialation
Question: mitral valve prolapse
Answer: - a systolic click can be heard
- measured through standing up (strain phase) and squatting (valsava release phase)
Question: brudzinksi sign
Answer: - when flexing the neck watch the hips and knees in reaction to this
- they should remain relaxed and motionless
- flexion of both the hips and knees makes for a positive sign
- sign of possible meningitis
Question: Kernig maneuver
Answer: - Flex patients leg at both the hips and the knee then slowly extend the leg and
straighten the knee
- pain and increased resistance to knee extension are a positive sign
- sign of possible meningitis
, Question: risk factors for starting cholesterol medication
Answer: - south asian ancestary
- having RA, HIV or psoriasis
- CKD
- metabolic syndrome
- persistently elevated LDL over 160
- family history of ASCVD
- having preeclampsia or premature menopause
- having diabetes mellitus
Question: women
Answer: greatest risk for cardiovascular disease
Question: Delerium
Answer: - temporary state of confusion and inattention that may be the first clue to infection,
problems with medications, or an underlying cognitive impairement
- acure onset
- lasts hours to weeks
- sleep cycle is disrupted
- fluctuating with lucid intervals and is worst at night
- disorganized thoughts
- either somnolence or agitation and hypervigilent
- immediate and recent memory impairment
Question: dementia
Answer: - insidious, slowly progressive, months to years to onset
-recent memory and new learning impaired
Question: Mini-Cog
Answer: - screening test for dementia
- three unrelated words that must be memorized and then a clock is to be drawn on a
piece of paper and then the words are to be repeated back
- score of 0 = dementia
- 1 point for each word remembered
Question: COPD
Answer: - disease state characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible
- the airflow limitation is usually both progressive and associated with an abnormal
inflammatory response
- GOLD staging system is often used to classify patients based on their symptoms and
level of risk of exacerbations
- chronic cough, lingering colds, sputum production, dyspnea, decreased exercise
tolerance
Latest Update 2026/2027
Question: lung cancer risk factors
Answer: -Smoking (including 2nd hand exposure)
-Radon gas (miners)
-Asbestos
-Metals (arsenic, nick, chromium)
-Family hx
-Pulmonary fibrosis
-COPD
-Sarcoidosis
-Age > 40
Question: tobacco cessation
Answer: most effective way to reduce lung cancer
Question: LDCT (low dose computed tomography)
Answer: - screening for lung cancer recommended for current smokers from age 55 to 80 and
have smoked an average of one pack of cigs a day
- annually until the age of 74 is recommended by the american cancer society
Question: smoking and increased CHD and stroke
Answer: - damages the artery walls , increase blood clotting and reduce the oxygen delivery to
the heart and the brain
Question: mitral valve regurgitation
Answer: - fails to fully close in systole, blood flows back from the left ventricle to the left atrium
causing a murmur to be heard at the apex and increase left ventricular preload leading to
left ventricle dialation
Question: mitral valve prolapse
Answer: - a systolic click can be heard
- measured through standing up (strain phase) and squatting (valsava release phase)
Question: brudzinksi sign
Answer: - when flexing the neck watch the hips and knees in reaction to this
- they should remain relaxed and motionless
- flexion of both the hips and knees makes for a positive sign
- sign of possible meningitis
Question: Kernig maneuver
Answer: - Flex patients leg at both the hips and the knee then slowly extend the leg and
straighten the knee
- pain and increased resistance to knee extension are a positive sign
- sign of possible meningitis
, Question: risk factors for starting cholesterol medication
Answer: - south asian ancestary
- having RA, HIV or psoriasis
- CKD
- metabolic syndrome
- persistently elevated LDL over 160
- family history of ASCVD
- having preeclampsia or premature menopause
- having diabetes mellitus
Question: women
Answer: greatest risk for cardiovascular disease
Question: Delerium
Answer: - temporary state of confusion and inattention that may be the first clue to infection,
problems with medications, or an underlying cognitive impairement
- acure onset
- lasts hours to weeks
- sleep cycle is disrupted
- fluctuating with lucid intervals and is worst at night
- disorganized thoughts
- either somnolence or agitation and hypervigilent
- immediate and recent memory impairment
Question: dementia
Answer: - insidious, slowly progressive, months to years to onset
-recent memory and new learning impaired
Question: Mini-Cog
Answer: - screening test for dementia
- three unrelated words that must be memorized and then a clock is to be drawn on a
piece of paper and then the words are to be repeated back
- score of 0 = dementia
- 1 point for each word remembered
Question: COPD
Answer: - disease state characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible
- the airflow limitation is usually both progressive and associated with an abnormal
inflammatory response
- GOLD staging system is often used to classify patients based on their symptoms and
level of risk of exacerbations
- chronic cough, lingering colds, sputum production, dyspnea, decreased exercise
tolerance
